Mexacarbate

222.28

222.28

206-249-3

ZTM4IPV8G8

2757

DTXSID7020893

WHITE CRYSTALLINE SOLID

QJ01FA95

2924199090

41.6

2.47850

Crystalline

1.076g/cm3

85 °C

318.3ºC at 760mmHg

146.3ºC

1.543

(SOL IN WT/WT PERCENT): FREELY SOL IN ACETONE 162.3%; ACETONITRILE 142%; METHYLENE CHLORIDE 120.6%; ETHANOL 116.0%; BENZENE 102.0%; SPARINGLY SOL IN PETROLEUM SOLVENTS 1.05%;

0-6°C

0.1 mm at 139°C

Oral-rat LD50: 14 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 12 mg/kg

Thermal decomposition of toxic nitrogen oxide gas

ODORLESS

Hydrolyzes rapidly in alkaline solutions

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Amines, Phosphines, and Pyridines

MEXACARBATE is a carbamate ester-amine. Amines behave as chemical bases. Carbamates are chemically similar to, but more reactive than amides. Like amides they form polymers such as polyurethane resins. Carbamates are incompatible with strong acids and bases, and especially incompatible with strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is produced by the combination of active metals or nitrides with carbamates. Strongly oxidizing acids, peroxides, and hydroperoxides are incompatible with carbamates.

II

6.1(a)

2757

21-28-50/53

36/37-45-60-61

FC0700000

T+,N

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored and transported separately from food materials

SUBJECT TO PHOTO-DECOMPOSITION IN THE SOLID STATE

P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P312, P321, P322, P330, P363, P391, P405, P501

H300

Group I Containers: Combustible containers from organic or metallo-organic pesticides (except organic mercury, lead, cadmium, or arsenic compounds) should be disposed of in pesticide incinerators or in specified landfill sites. /Organic or metallo-organic pesticides/|Group II Containers: Non-combustible containers from organic or metallo-organic pesticides (except organic mercury, lead, cadmium, or arsenic compounds) must first be triple-rinsed. Containers that are in good condition may be returned to the manufacturer or formulator of the pesticide product, or to a drum reconditioner for reuse with the same type of pesticide product, if such reuse is legal under Department of Transportation regulations (eg 49 CFR 173.28). Containers that are not to be reused should be punctured ... and transported to a scrap metal facility for recycling, disposal or burial in a designated landfill. /Organic or metallo-organic pesticides/|DISSOLVE IN FLAMMABLE SOLVENT (SUCH AS ALCOHOL) & ATOMIZE IN SUITABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER EQUIPPED WITH APPROPRIATE EFFLUENT GAS CLEANING DEVICE.|Hydrolysis: Mix mexacarbate with excess CaO /calcium oxide/ or NaOH /sodium hydroxide/ and sand or other adsorbent in a pit or trench at least 0.5 m deep in a clay soil. NaOH (or Na2CO3) /sodium carbonate/ can also be added to the mixture to help speed the reactions when calcium oxide is used as the main alkali. The amt of calcium oxide or NaOH to use depends on the amt of pesticide to be disposed of and, to some extent, the concentration of active ingredient in the pesticide and the actual chemical nature of the active ingredient. A practical guideline, in the absence of specific directions, is to use an approx volume or weight of alkali from one-half of to the same as that of the pesticide. For dilute formulations, such as a 1% soln or dust, the amount of calcium oxide of NaOH can be reduced by one-half. For very concentrated pesticides (over 80% active ingredient) the amount of calcium oxide or NaOH can be doubled, but the concentrate should be mixed first with water (or soapy water) before reaction with the alkali. For safety, a preliminary test should be made in which very small amt of the pesticide and alkali are mixed and observed briefly to make sure it does not react too vigorously. Sizable quantities of pesticides can be disposed of in several smaller batches, rather than all at once, for added safety. Recommendable method: Incineration. Peer-review: Large amt should be incinerated in a unit with effluent gas scrubbing when well diluted with other wastes. (Peer-review conclusions of an IRPTC expert consultation (May 1985))

DHEW/NCI; Bioassay of Mexacarbate for Possible Carcinogenicity (1978) Technical Rpt Series No. 147 DHEW Pub No. (NIH) 78-1703

(Non-Specific -- Carbamate Pesticide, Solid, n.o.s.) Fire may produce irritating or poisonous gases. This material may burn but does not ignite readily. Container may explode in heat of fire. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides. Avoid decomposition in highly alkaline media. Subject to photo-decomposition in the solid state. (EPA, 1998)

|Danger|H300: Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P312, P321, P322, P330, P363, P391, P405, and P501|H312: Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]|P260, P271, P273, P280, P284, P302+P352, P304+P340, P310, P312, P320, P322, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2016)

For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)|Long-sleeved clothing and goggles, long pants, rubber gloves and boots should be worn during handling (Zectran 2E).|Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus. ... Wear appropriate chemical protective clothing. /Carbamate pesticide, liquid, nos (compounds and preparations) (agricultural insecticides, nec)/|Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles. ... Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material. /Carbamate pesticide, liquid, nos (compounds and preparations) (agricultural insecticides, nec, liquid); carbamate pesticide, liquid, nos (compounds and preparations) (insecticides, other than agricultural, nec)/|Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus. ... Wear appropriate chemical protective clothing. /Carbamate pesticide, liquid, nos (compounds and preparations) (insecticides, other than agricultural, nec)/|Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles. ... Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material. /Carbamate pesticide, solid, nos (compounds and preparations) (insecticides, other than agricultural, nec ); Carbamate pesticide, solid, nos (compounds and preparations) (agricultural insecticides, nec, other than liquid)/

If material /is/ on fire or involved in /a/ fire do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Carbamate pesticide, liquid, nos, (compounds and preparations) (agricultural insecticides, nec, liquid); Carbamate pesticide, liquid, nos (compounds and preparations) (agricultural insecticides, nec, liquid); Carbamate pesticide, liquid, nos (compounds and preparations) (insecticides, other than agricultural, nec/|Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Carbamate pesticide, liquid nos (compounds and preparations) (insecticides, other than agricultural, nec)/|Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Carbamate pesticide, solid, nos (compounds and preparations) (insecticides, other than agricultural, nec)/|Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Carbamate pesticide, solid, nos (compounds and preparations) (agricultural insecticides, nec, other than liquid)/

A system for removing pesticides from the wash water produced by pesticide applicators as they clean their equipment has been developed. The first step is the flocculation/coagulation and sedimentation of the pesticide-contaminated wash water. The supernatant from the first step is then passed through activated carbon columns. /Pesticides/

Smoking, eating and drinking before washing should be absolutely prohibited when any pesticide of moderate or higher toxicity is being handled or used. /Pesticides/|If material /is/ not involved in fire keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. /Carbaryl (agricultural insecticides, nec, liquid); Carbaryl (agricultural insecticides, nec, other than liquid); Carbaryl (insecticides, other than agricultural, nec)/|Keep upwind. ... Avoid breathing vapors or dusts. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. /Carbaryl (agricultural insecticides, nec, liquid); /Carbaryl (agricultural insecticides, nec, other than liquid)/; Carbaryl (insecticides, other than agricultural, nec/|If material /is/ not on fire and not involved in fire keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. /Carbamate pesticide, liquid, nos (compounds and preparations) (agricultural insecticides, nec, liquid); Carbamate pesticide, liquid, nos (compounds and preparations) (insecticides, other than agricultural, nec)/|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for MEXACARBATE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 1000 lb or 454 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).|Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Mexacarbate is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 500/10,000 lbs.

most toxic

PHOTODEGRADATION OF ZECTRAN WAS GREATLY ENHANCED BY /FLAVIN MONONUCLEOTIDE/ & OTHER FLAVIN COFACTORS.|THE SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE (PB), SULFOXIDE (SU), & DIMETHYLAMINOANILINE (DAA) USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH ZECTRAN, WAS EXAMINED IN TERMS OF THE MEDIAN LETHAL CONCN (LC50) & ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION IN THE SNAIL LYMNAEA ACUMINATA. THE 3 SYNERGISTS REDUCED THE LC50 OF ZECTRAN AT EXPOSURE PERIODS RANGING FROM 24 TO 144 HR. PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE & SULFOXIDE HAD STRONG SYNERGISTIC ACTION, WHEREAS DIMETHYLAMINOANILINE HAD ONLY A SLIGHT EFFECT.

A bioassay of technical grade mexacarbate for possible carcinogenicity was conducted using Osborne-Mendel rats and B6C3Fl mice. Mexacarbate was admin in the feed, at either of two concn, to groups of 50 male and 50 female animals of each species. The time-weighted average high and low dietary concn of mexacarbate were 418 and 209 ppm for male rats, 678 and 339 ppm for female rats, 654 and 327 ppm for male mice and 135 and 68 ppm for female mice. After a 78 wk period of chemical admin, observation of rats continued for an additional 33 to 34 wk and observation of mice continued for 14 to 15 additional wk. For each species, 20 animals of each sex were placed on test as controls. All groups except the male control mice survived sufficiently long to be at risk from late appearing tumors. ... Under the conditions of this bioassay, sufficient evidence was not obtained for the carcinogenicity of mexacarbate for Osborne-Mendel rats or B6C3Fl mice. ... Levels of Evidence of Carcinogenicity: Male Rats: Negative; Female Rats: Negative; Male Mice: Negative; Female Mice: Negative.

Zectran is not known to occur as a natural product.

Mexacarbate is registered in the USA for use as an insecticide and a molluscicide against lawn, turf, and flower pests(1). It is not registered for use on food crops(1). Release of mexacarbate to the environment is expected to result mainly from these registered uses.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Mexacarbate has the potential to leach to groundwater if it does not degrade first. Rapid degradation of (14)C labeled mexacarbate has been observed in sandy loam and clay loam forest soil litters. The half-lives for (14)CO2 evolution in the sand loam and clay loam litters ranged were 7.31 and 8.88 days respectively, under aerobic conditions and 7.72 and 9.32, respectivelyl, under submerged conditions(1). In wet soils, especially alkaline ones, mexacarbate is expected to hydrolyze to a variety of products. Biodegradation may occur and photolysis may be important at the soil surface. Volatilization of mexacarbate from near surface soils is not expected to be an important removal process.|AQUATIC FATE: A river die away test was conducted with mexacarbate in raw water from the Little Miami River in Ohio. The river receives domestic and industrial wastes and farm runoff. After one week, 85% of the initial amount of mexacarbate had degraded. All the initial mexacarbate had degraded after 2 weeks(1). Mexacarbate hydrolyzes, especially under alkaline conditions, to yield a variety of products. The half-lives for hydrolysis of mexacarbate in buffered solutions at 20 °C adn pH 5.94, 7.0, and 8.42 were 46.5, 25.7, and 4.6 days respectively(2). Volatilization is not expected to be significant but biodegradation may occur. Photolysis may occur near the water surface. Bioconcentration will not be significant and mexacarbate is not expected to strongly adsorb to sediments(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: The half-life of the reaction of vapor phase mexacarbate with photochemically generated hydroxyl radicals in the atmosphere was estimated to be 7.90 hours(1).|AQUATIC FATE: Hydrolysis rates of zectran are analyzed in aqueous media. Rates were measured in phosphate-buffered distilled water, and in natural waters where temperatures of 10 °C, 20 °C, and 28 °C and pH values of 5.94, 7.00 and 8.42 were registered, whereas in natural waters initial concentrations were 30 mg/l. The persistence of mexacarbate in natural waters depends on the pH value and temperature.|The distribution and persistence of aerially applied mexacarbate were studied in a New Brunswick aquatic forest environment after spraying twice at a dosage of 70 g/ha using a fixed-wing aircraft. Average droplet density (drops/sq cm) and ground deposition (g/ha) between the 2 applications differed considerably. The values for the first and second applications were respectively 1.7 and 0.73 and 5.2 and 2.0. But the average NMD (Number Median Diameter) 20 mum and VMD (Volume Median Diameter) 36 mum values for both applications were nearly the same. The maximum 1 hr post spray concentrations of mexacarbate in the stream and pond waters were respectively 0.73 ppb and 18.74 ppb. Concentrations fell rapidly to below detection limits within 12 hr in stream and within 3 days in pond water. Cattails (Typha latifolia), manna grass (Glyceria borealis) and bog moss (Sphagnum sp) collected from the pond contained peak 1 hr post-spray concentrations of 720 ppb, 482 ppb, and 81 ppb, respectively. The concentration levels decreased rapidly and the average half-lives of the chemical in them were about 3.9, 8.5, and 2.0 hr. Bog moss, stream moss (Fontinalis sp), watercress (Nasturtium officinalis), buttercup (Ranunculus aquatilis) and green algae (Draparnaldia sp) sampled from the stream sites did not contain measurable levels of mexacarbate. Also, caged and wild tadpoles (Rana clamitans melanota) from the pond, brook trout (Salvenilus fontinalis) (caged and wild), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) (wild) and mayfly nymphs (Ephemerella sp) collected from the stream did not contain any of the material. Mexacarbate was not detected in stream and pond sediments. The demethylated products, 4-methylamino and 4-amino-3,5-xylyl methylcarbamate and the phenol, 4-dimethylamino-3,5-xylenol as transformation products were frequently detected in water and in the aquatic plants which had accumulated the insecticide. The presence of these compounds showed that demethylation and hydrolytic routes are the major metabolic pathways for the dissipation of mexacarbate from these substrates.

/OF 12 DEGRADATION PRODUCTS OBSERVED WHEN ZECTRAN WAS EXPOSED TO 40 HR OF UV LIGHT/ ... ONLY FOUR WERE IDENTIFIED: METHYLAMINO, AMINO, METHYLFORMAMIDO, & FORMAMIDO DERIVATIVES. THESE SAME MAJOR PRODUCTS WERE OBTAINED FROM ZECTRAN WHEN IT WAS EXPOSED TO SUNLIGHT ON BEAN FOLIAGE.|Aqueous solutions of mexacarbate at 0.2% (w/v) were prepared and buffered at pH's of 4.5, 6.5, 7.5 and 9.5. Mexacarbate hydrolysis products were isolated and identified by thin-layer chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography, respectively, and included 4-methylamino-3,5-xylyl methylcarbamate, 4-amino-3,5-xylyl methylcarbamate, 4-methylformamido-3,5-xylyl methylcarbamate, 4-formamido-3,5-xylyl methylcarbamate, 4-dimethylamino-3,5-xylyl hydroxymethylcarbamate, 4-dimethylamino-3,5-xylenol and 2-hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-p-benzoquinone (DHMQ). No information on the rate of disappearance of mexacarbate was presented, but the formation of 2-hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-p-benzoquinone required less than one hour at pH values of 9 and greater and several days at pH values of 4.5 or lower. The maximum rate of 2-hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-p-benzoquinone formation occurred at pH 9.5. The rate was the same in the light as in the dark(1). Exposure of an ethanol solution of mexacarbate to sunlight for 1-3 hours yielded a variety of unidentified photolytic products, but no rate data were presented(2). The half-life for the reaction of vapor phase mexacarbate in the atmosphere with photochemically generated hydroxyl radicals was estimated to be 7.90 hours(3).|Persistence in riverwater in a sealed glass jar under sunlight and artificial fluorescent light at an initial concn of 10 ug/l: after 1 hr: 100%; 1 wk: 15%; 2 wk-8 wk: 0%.|The half-lives for hydrolysis of mexacarbate in bufferred solutions at 20 °C and pH 5.94, 7.0, and 8.42 were 46.5, 25.7, and 4.6 days, respectively(1).

26.30|Direct introduction of mexacarbate into water resulted in a BCF value of 14 in shrimp and exposure of the shrimp and silverside fish to mexacarbate on sand gave BCF values of 18 and 45, respectively(1). Using a reported water solubility of 100 ppm(2), a BCF of 46 was calculated(3,SRC). Based on the observed and estimated BCF, mexacarbate will not be expected to bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms(SRC).

302.00 L/kg|ERRORS IN ANALYSIS OF THE INSECTICIDE ZECTRAN IN NATURAL WATERS HAVE BEEN ATTRIBUTED TO PARTICULATE MATTER IN THESE WATERS. ZECTRAN DOES SORB ONTO PARTICULATES, ACCORDING TO THE AMOUNT OF ORGANIC MATTER MEASURED AS CHEMICALLY OXIDIZABLE CARBON.|(14)C-labeled mexacarbate was studied in sandy loam an clay loam forest soil profile columns under simulated field conditions(2). Most of the 14-C-labelled material, mexacarbate and its degradation products, were strongly adsorbed to the upper layers of soil litter except in experiments wher the columns were overloaded by the quantity of mexacarbate added to the column(2). Using a reported water solubility of 100 ppm(1), a Koc of 347 was calculated(3,SRC). Based on the estimated Koc value and the results from the soil column experiments, mexacarbate is expected to maintain medium and low mobility in soils, respectively(4).

Using a reported water solubility of 100 ppm(1) and an estimated vapor pressure of 1.36E-06 mm Hg(2), a Henry's Law constant of 3.98X10-9 atm cu m/mol was calculated(3). This value of Henry's Law Constant indicates volatilization of mexacarbate will not be environmentally important(3).

Human exposure to mexacarbate is expected to result primarily from its use as a pesticide for the control of lawn, turf, and flower pests. (SRC)

CattleTreatment and metaphylaxis of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) associated with Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida and Histophilus somni. The presence of the disease in the herd should be established before metaphylactic use.PigsTreatment of swine respiratory disease (SRD) associated with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida, Haemophilus parasuis and Bordetella bronchiseptica.SheepTreatment of infectious pododermatitis (foot rot) associated with virulent Dichelobacter nodosus and Fusobacterium necrophorum requiring systemic treatment.

ZECTRAN WAS FED TO DOGS FOR 1 WK USING (14)C RING-LABELED MATERIAL. 3/4 OF EXCRETED RADIOACTIVITY WAS FOUND IN URINE & 1/4 IN FECES, & IN URINE 86% OF IT WAS AS GLUCURONIDE OR SULFATE OF CORRESPONDING PHENOL WITH ABOUT 5% OF HYDROQUINONE & ABOUT 2% OF UNCONJUGATED PHENOL BEING FORMED.|WHEN APPLIED TO BROCCOLI ... EXAMINATION OF METHANOL INSOL MATERIAL INDICATED INCORPORATION OF ZECTRAN INTO THE LIGNIN WHERE IT PROBABLY IS PERMANENTLY STORED.|IN DOGS, AN ORAL DOSE OF ZECTRAN WAS ELIMINATED QUANTITATIVELY IN THE URINE AS 4-DIMETHYLAMINO-3,5-XYLENOL, PREDOMINANTLY AS CONJUGATE, AS CONJUGATED FORMS OF 2,6-DIMETHYL HYDROQUINONE, & AS SMALL AMOUNTS OF 2,6-DIMETHYL-PARA-BENZOQUINONE.|TRANSPLACENTAL TRANSFER OF ZECTRAN ... IN RATS HAS BEEN OBSERVED; METABOLITES ... WERE ALSO PRESENT IN THE FETUS.|WHEN MEXACARBATE LABELED WITH (14)C IN THE CARBONYL POSITION WAS INJECTED IP INTO RATS ON THE 18TH OR 19TH DAY OF PREGNANCY, MOST OF IT WAS DISTRIBUTED & EXCRETED VERY RAPIDLY. AT 15 MINUTES AFTER INJECTION, ONLY 1.7% OF THE RADIOACTIVITY WAS FOUND IN THE POOLED FETUSES, & AFTER 8 HR THE PROPORTION HAD DECREASED TO 0.8%. BASED ON TOTAL RADIOACTIVITY RECOVERED FROM THE URINE, FECES, & EXHALED AIR DURING 8 HR, PREGNANT RATS RETAINED 10.4 TO 23% MORE (14)C FROM MEXACARBATE THAN DID NONPREGNANT ONES.

THE CMPD LABELED WITH (14)C IS METABOLIZED IN DOGS BY HYDROLYSIS TO 4-DIMETHYLAMINO-3,5-XYLENOL ... DEMETHYLATION OF 4-DIMETHYLAMINO GROUP ... OCCURS, WITH DISPLACEMENT OF 4-AMINO GROUP TO GIVE ... 2,6-DIMETHYLHYDROQUINONE.|AFTER EXPOSURE ... LARVAE OF SPRUCE BUDWORM & TOBACCO BUDWORM CONVERTED ZECTRAN TO NINE METABOLITES; HOUSEFLY LARVAE PRODUCED 10 METABOLITES. FOUR OF THESE FOUND IN ALL THREE INSECTS WERE IDENTIFIED: 4-METHYLAMINO-, 4-AMINO-, 4-METHYLFORMAMIDO-, & 4-FORMAMIDO-3,5-XYLYL-METHYLCARBAMATES.|... CMPD ... BELIEVED TO BE N-HYDROXYMETHYL ZECTRAN /WAS PRODUCED BY LARVAE OF SPRUCE & TOBACCO BUDWORMS & HOUSEFLY LARVAE AFTER EXPOSURE TO ZECTRAN/.|... /FOUR METABOLITES RECOVERED AFTER INCUBATION WITH HUMAN LIVER ARE/ 4-METHYLFORMAMIDO-3,5-XYLYL METHYLCARBAMATE, 4-AMINO-3,5-XYLYL-METHYLCARBAMATE, 4-METHYLAMINO-3,5-XYLYL-METHYLCARBAMATE, & 4-DIMETHYLAMINO-3,5-XYLYL-N- HYDROXYMETHYLCARBAMATE. SOME 4-DIMETHYLAMINO-3,5-XYLENOL WAS ALSO PRESENT.|For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for MEXACARBATE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

... IT IS REPORTED ... THAT 4-METHYLAMINO-3,5-XYLYL-N-METHYLCARBAMATE, ONE OF THE METABOLITES OF MEXACARBATE, IS MORE POTENT THAN THE PARENT COMPOUND AS AN INHIBITOR OF ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE IN VITRO.

Extremely toxic: probable oral lethal dose for humans is 5-50 mg/kg; between 7 drops and 1 teaspoonful for 70 kg person (150 lb.). (Non-Specific -- Carbamate Pesticide, Solid, n.o.s.) Poisonous; may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through skin. Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes. (EPA, 1998)

Warning: Effects may be delayed. Caution is advised. Vital signs should be monitored closely. Note: Mexacarbate is a cholinesterase inhibitor. Signs and Symptoms of Mexacarbate Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to mexacarbate may include the following: nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, headache, runny nose, excessive salivation, sweating, lassitude, weakness, dizziness, changes in heart rate, tightness in chest, and low blood pressure. Blurring or dimness of vision, tearing, eye muscle spasms, pinpoint pupils, loss of muscle coordination, slurring of speech, and muscle spasms may also occur. Psychosis, seizures, and coma may occur. Respiratory signs include shortness of breath, respiratory depression, and respiratory paralysis. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to mexacarbate may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to mexacarbate. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4. Rush to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to mexacarbate. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5. Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with water. 6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7. Rush to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3. Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac. If elapsed time since ingestion of mexacarbate is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 4. Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age.Warning: Ingestion of mexacarbate may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness. Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma. If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz). Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water. If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered. Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims. If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal. 4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6. Rush to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

/IN AN AIRPLANE, PILOT & COPILOT WERE EXPOSED TO VAPOR OF MEXACARBATE FORMULATION THEY WERE SPRAYING/. ... CHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY IN A BLOOD SAMPLE DRAWN 10 MINUTES AFTER THE FIRST DOSE OF ATROPINE WAS SEVERELY DEPRESSED, BUT ACTIVITY RETURNED TO NORMAL WITHIN 3 DAYS ... IT WAS ESTIMATED THAT TOTAL DURATION OF EXPOSURE ... WAS 110 MINUTES ...

4-dimethylamino-3,5-xylyl N-methylcarbamate

ZECTRAN IS NO LONGER PRODUCED IN THE USA BUT WAS FORMERLY AVAILABLE AS AN EMULSIFIABLE CONCN CONTAINING 22.3% OF THE PURE CHEMICAL, AS A WETTABLE POWDER CONTAINING 25% OF THE COMPOUND & AS A BAIT FORMULATION.

The WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard identifies Mexacarbate (technical grade) as an active ingredient believed to be obsolete or discontinued for use as a pesticide.|BRITISH PATENT 925,424.|Zectran is registered in the USA for use as an insecticide and a molluscicide against lawn, turf, and flower pests. It is not registered for use on food crops.

PRODUCT ANALYSIS IS BY COLORIMETRIC ESTIMATION OF XYLENOL RELEASED BY HYDROLYSIS ...|DIRECT ANALYSIS OF SOME CARBAMATE PESTICIDES IN FOODS BY HIGH-PRESSURE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY. DETECTION LIMITS OF 0.004-0.05 PPM WERE OBTAINED FOR ZECTRAN.|THE ANALYSIS OF ZECTRAN IN NATURAL WATER, FOLIAGE, FOREST SOIL, & FISH TISSUE BY DIRECT GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY IS DESCRIBED. AFTER FORTIFICATION, ZECTRAN WAS EXTRACTED FROM NATURAL WATER BY PERCOLATION THROUGH A COLUMN OF AMBERLITE XAD-2, FOLLOWED BY ELUTION WITH ETHYL ACETATE. FOR OTHER SUBSTRATES, ZECTRAN WAS EXTRACTED BY HOMOGENIZATION IN ETHYL ACETATE. THE CO-EXTRACTIVES WERE REMOVED BY FILTRATION AFTER COAGULATION, & THE RESIDUES WERE RE-EXTRACTED INTO DICHLOROMETHANE. THE CARBAMATES WERE ANALYZED INTACT BY GLC WITH A TRACOR MODEL 702 N-P DETECTOR. THE RECOVERY FOR ZECTRAN WAS GREATER THAN 80%.

Veterinary drugs -> Zactran -> EMA Drug Category|Antibacterials for systemic use -> Veterinary pharmacotherapeutic group|INSECTICIDES