Sulfanilic acid

173.19

173.19

908765

204-482-5

434Z8C2635

0569

7170

2585

DTXSID6024464

Orthorhombic plates or monoclinic from water

29214210

88.8

-0.9

4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid appears as white powder with faint purple tinge. Grayish-white flat crystals. Becomes anhydrous at around 212°F. Low toxicity (used medicinally).

1.485 g/cm³ @ Temp: 25 °C

288 °C

500ºC

1.5500 (estimate)

H2O: 0.1 g/100 mL (20 ºC)

Store in dark!

1X10-9 mm Hg at 25 deg (est)

Oral-Rat LD50: 12300 mg/kg

Combustion produces toxic nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide gas

Henry's Law constant = 8.9X10-13 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C (est)

pKa = 3.25 at 25 °C; pKa = 3.34 at 15 °C

Orthorhombic plates from water; decomposes without melting at about 288 °C (Also reported as greater than 360 °C); almost insoluble in ethanol, ether, benzene; slightly soluble in hot methanol; K2 at 25 °C: 5.93x10-4 /Sulfanilic acid monohydrate/|Grayish white, flat crystals /Sulfanilic acid monohydrate/|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 2.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C (est)

Insoluble in water.

Amines, Phosphines, and Pyridines

4-AMINOBENZENE SULFONIC ACID is an amino acid. Reacts weakly with both acids and bases.

UN 2790 8/PG 3

1

36/38-43-34

26-36/37/39-45-37-24-36/37

WP3895500

C,Xi

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored and transported separately from food materials

Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

P280-P303 + P361 + P353-P304 + P340 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338

H314

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Flash point data for this chemical are not available, however it is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)|Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

|Warning|H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]|P261, P264, P272, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P313, P333+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, and P501|H315 (98.58%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]|Aggregated GHS information provided by 422 companies from 9 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|Not Classified|H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]|P261, P264, P272, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P333+P313, P337+P313, P363, and P501

Fires involving this compound can be extinguished using a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)|Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with water, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with water to pick up any remaining material. Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash all contaminated surfaces with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this chemical under refrigerated temperatures and away from mineral acids and bases. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)

SLUDGE FROM A MUNICIPAL SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT WAS ACCLIMATED AS SEED IN A CONTINUOUS FLOW, COMPLETELY MIXED LABORATORY REACTOR. A SUBSTRATE CONTAINING A MIXTURE OF GLUCOSE, PHENOL & SULFANILIC ACID WAS FED AT DIFFERENT FOOD-TO-MICROORGANISM RATIOS. REMOVAL RATE WAS DETERMINED AS TOTAL ORGANIC C (TOC) MEASUREMENTS. ANALYSES FOR EACH SUBSTRATE IN THE INFFLUENT & EFFLUENT SAMPLES WERE MADE.

A skin irritant.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered sealable containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Wash away remainder with plenty of water.

Separated from strong acids and strong bases.

A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed, especially if powdered.

The substance is irritating to the eyes. The substance is mildly irritating to the skin.

Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization.

NO open flames.

PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST!

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection if powder.

This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Sulfanilic acid is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart.

nontoxic

WHEN GIVEN ORALLY IN SUFFICIENT AMT (100-500 MG/KG IN RATS), THE CHELATOR /ETHYLENE DIAMINETETRAACETATE/ INCREASES THE RATES OF ABSORPTION OF HEPARIN.../&/ SULFANILIC ACID...ALL LIPID-INSOL SUBSTANCES WHICH ORDINARILY ARE POORLY ABSORBED FROM GI TRACT.|BILE SALTS, DISODIUM EDTA, TETRACYCLINE, OR SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE PRESENT IN THE GUT LUMEN OF THE RAT INCREASED THE TRANSFER OF SULFANILIC ACID FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE TO THE THORACIC DUCT LYMPH.|The effect of mitomycin C (MMC) pre-administration intravenously on the absorption of drugs from rat stomach has been examined by means of the in-situ loop technique. 48 hr after the MMC-treatment, the absorption of salicylic acid, aspirin and sulphanilic acid was not influenced but that of sulphanilamide was significantly increased compared with the control. At 96 hr, a differential effect of MMC on the absorption of each drug was seen: the absorption of weakly acidic drugs was significantly decreased while that of bases and strong sulphonic acid increased. The decreased absorption of salicylic acid and aspirin correlated with the reduced gastric mucosal blood flow. At 96 hr there were severe hemorrhagic lesions in the gastric mucosa. The increase in absorption of poorly absorbed drugs could be ascribed to the increased permeability of the blood-gastric epithelium barrier as was evidenced by leakage of Evans Blue.

LD50 Rat iv 6000 mg/kg bw|LD50 Mouse ip ca 6000 mg/kg bw|LD50 Mouse oral >6400 mg/kg bw|LD50 Rat oral >2000 mg/kg bw|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for SULFANILIC ACID (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Sulfanilic acid's production and use as an intermediate in the production of dyes, pesticides, pharmaceuticals(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 10(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that sulfanilic acid is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of sulfanilic acid is 3.25 at 25 °C(3), indicating that this compound will partially exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4). Volatilization of sulfanilic acid from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 8.9X10-13 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(2). Sulfanilic acid is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1X10-9 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2). Based on results of the majority of eight separate laboratory determinations, it can be concluded that sulfanilic acid is not readily biodegradable(5). Sulfanilic acid, present at 100 mg/L, reached 8% of its theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in the Japanese MITI test(5) which also indicates the compound is not readily biodegradable(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 10(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that sulfanilic acid is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 8.9X10-13 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(2). According to a classification scheme(4), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from a log Kow of -2.16(5) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Sulfanilic acid absorbs UV light at wavelengths >290 nm(6) and may be susceptible to direct photolysis in sunlit water(SRC). Based on results of the majority of eight separate laboratory determinations, it can be concluded that sulfanilic acid is not readily biodegradable(7). Sulfanilic acid, present at 100 mg/L, reached 8% of its theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in the Japanese MITI test(8) which also indicates the compound is not readily biodegradable(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), sulfanilic acid, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 1X10-9 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase sulfanilic acid may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). Sulfanilic acid absorbs UV light at wavelengths >290 nm(3), and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of sulfanilic acid with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 17 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Sulfanilic acid absorbs UV light at wavelengths >290 nm(2), and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). The rate constant for the reaction of hydroxyl radicals in aqueous solutions at pH 7 is 2.9X10+9 L/mol-sec(3); this corresponds to an aquatic half-life of 276 days(SRC) at an aquatic concentration of 1X10-17 hydroxyl radicals per liter(4).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for sulfanilic acid(SRC), using a log Kow of -2.16(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of sulfanilic acid can be estimated to be 10(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that sulfanilic acid is expected to have very high mobility in soil. The pKa of sulfanilic acid is 3.25(3), indicating that this compound will partially exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4).

The Henry's Law constant for sulfanilic acid is estimated as 8.9X10-13 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that sulfanilic acid is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). Sulfanilic acid's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to occur(SRC). Sulfanilic acid is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1X10-9 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(1).

GROUNDWATER: Sulfanilic acid was detected in the groundwater leachate plume originating from a landfill in Denmark at concentrations ranging from <20 ug/L to 10.44 mg/L at various sampling points and depths(1).

According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use of sulfanilic acid is 100 to 999; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).|NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 31,593 workers (19,454 of these were female) were potentially exposed to sulfanilic acid in the US(1). Occupational exposure to sulfanilic acid may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where sulfanilic acid is produced or used(SRC).

4-Aminobenzene sulfonic acid can be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Absorption through the lungs appears to be possible; absorption of an intratracheally-instilled solution of 4- aminobenzene sulfonic acid has been detected in the rat. Accumulation does not take place in mammals; excretion after oral administration mainly occurs within 24 hr. 4-Aminobenzene sulfonic acid is excreted either unchanged or as the N-acetyl metabolite, in the urine in rabbits, and in the urine and the feces in rats.|WHEN SULFANILIC ACID WAS ADMINISTERED ORALLY TO RATS, 53% OF THE ADMINISTERED DOSE WAS FOUND IN THE URINE.

YIELDS P-ACETAMIDOBENZENESULFONIC ACID IN RABBIT: DANIEL, JW, TOXICOL APPL PHARMAC, 4, 572 (1962). /FROM TABLE/

Many idiosyncratic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause GI, liver and bone marrow toxicity in some patients which results in GI bleeding/ulceration/fulminant hepatic failure/hepatitis or agranulocytosis/aplastic anemia. The toxic mechanisms proposed have been reviewed. Evidence is presented showing that idiosyncratic NSAID drugs form prooxidant radicals when metabolized by peroxidases known to be present in these tissues. Thus GSH, NADH and/or ascorbate were cooxidised by catalytic amounts of NSAIDs and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of peroxidase. During GSH and NADH cooxidation, oxygen uptake and activation occurred. Furthermore the formation of NSAID oxidation products was prevented during the cooxidation indicating that the cooxidation involved redox cycling of the first formed NSAID radical product. The order of prooxidant catalytic effectiveness of fenamate and arylacetic acid NSAIDs was mefenamic acid>tolfenamic acid>flufenamic acid, meclofenamic acid or diclofenac. Diphenylamine, a common moiety to all of these NSAIDs was a more active prooxidant for NADH and ascorbate cooxidation than these NSAIDs which suggests that oxidation of the NSAID diphenylamine moiety to a cation and/or nitroxide radical was responsible for the NSAID prooxidant activity. The order of catalytic effectiveness found for sulfonamide derivatives was sulfaphenazole>sulfisoxazole>dapsone>sulfanilic acid>procainamide>sulfamethoxazole>sulfadiazine>sulfadimethoxine whereas sulfanilamide, sulfapyridine or nimesulide had no prooxidant activity. Although indomethacin had little prooxidant activity, its major in vivo metabolite, N-deschlorobenzoyl indomethacin had significant prooxidant activity. Aminoantipyrine the major in vivo metabolite of aminopyrine or dipyrone was also more prooxidant than the parent drugs. It is hypothesized that the NSAID radicals and/or the resulting oxidative stress initiates the cytotoxic processes leading to idiosyncratic toxicity.

Impurities: aniline, 2,4-disulfanilic acid, 2- and 3-aminobenzenesulfonic acid.

SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include irritation of the skin, eyes and mucous membranes. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: This compound is a local irritant. It may evolve toxic fumes on contact with acids or if heated to decomposition. (NTP, 1992)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ... Specific and non-specific binding of 4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid to immunoglobulins (lgD) has been detected in patients sensitized to tartrazine from which 4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid can be metabolically liberated. Patients with symptoms of recurrent urticaria have not shown hypersensitivity reactions to 4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT URTICARIA OR ANGIOEDEMA WERE PROVOKED WITH SULFANILIC ACID. NO URTICARIAL REACTION FROM SULFANILIC ACID WAS NOTED.

4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid

Redness.

Redness. Pain.

Grade: Technical, pure, reagent.

Construction|Benzenesulfonic acid, 4-amino-: ACTIVE|APPLICATION OF 2000 PPM OF A FRUIT THINNING PREPARATION CONTAINING SULFANILIC ACID TO FULLY BLOOMED ORANGE TREES RESULTED IN AN INCREASE IN THINNING RATE FROM 37.6% OF THE CONTROL TO 60.8%.

INTERMEDIATES IN FD&C YELLOW NUMBER 6. FD&C YELLOW NUMBER 6...IS MORE STRONGLY ADSORBED ON CELLULOSE FROM CONCENTRATED AMMONIUM SULFATE SOLN THAN ARE DYE INTERMEDIATES. SULFANILIC ACID & SCHAEFFER'S SALT ELUTE SEPARATION WITH 40% AMMONIUM SULFATE... EACH INTERMEDIATE IS DETERMINED BY UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRY.|ORGANIC IMPURITIES IN COSMETIC COAL-TAR DYES WERE DETERMINED BY HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY.

Environmental transformation -> Pesticide transformation products (metabolite, successor)

Sulfanilic acid is a known environmental transformation product of Asulam.