Sulfuric Acid

Sulfuric acid is a very strong, diprotic acid. It is hygroscopic and readily absorbs moisture from air. It is a powerful oxidizing agent and reacts with many metals at high temperatures. Concentrated H2SO4 is also a strong dehydrating agent. Addition of water to concentrated sulfuric acid is a very exothermic reaction and can lead to explosions.
C(s) + H2SO4(aq) → 2SO2(g)+2H2O(l)
Fe(s) + H2SO4(aq) → H2(g) + FeSO4(aq)
Sn(s) + 2 H2SO4(aq) → SnSO4(aq) + 2 H2O(l) + SO2(g)
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• CAS No：

  7664-93-9

• Molecular Formula ：

  H₂SO₄

• Molecular Mass ：

  98.078

• Exact Mass ：

  97.96740

• PSA ：

  83

• LogP ：

  -2.20 (est)

• EINECS ：

  603-759-1

• InChIKeys ：

  QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N

• H-bond Acceptor ：

  4

• H-bond Donor ：

  2

• RBN ：

  0

• Appearance ：

  Colourless liquid

• Density ：

  1.8305 g/cm³

• Melting Point ：

  10.371 ℃

• Bolling Point ：

  337 ℃

• Flash Point ：

  11 °C

• Refractive Index ：

  1.41827

• Solubility ：

  Micible with water.

• Storage Condition ：

  Store at RT.

• Vapor Pressure ：

  Vapour pressure, Pa at 20°C:

• Vapor Density ：

  3.4

• Stability ：

  Stable, but reacts with moisture very exothermically, which may enhance its ability to act as an oxidizing agent. Substances to be avoided include water, most common metals, organic materials, strong reducing agents, combustible materials, bases, oxidising agents. Reacts violently with water - when diluting concentrated acid, carefully and slo

• Packing Group ：

  II

• Hazard Class ：

  8

• HS Code ：

  2807000010

• UN No. ：

  UN 3264 8/PG 3

• WGK_Germany ：

  1

• Risk Code ：

  R35:;

• Safety Instructions ：

  S26-S30-S45-S36/37-S16

• RTECS No. ：

  WS5600000

• Dangerous Mark ：

  C:Corrosive

• Storage ：

  Dry. Separated from food and feedstuffs and incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Store only in original packaging.

• P Code ：

  P260-P280-P303 + P361 + P353-P304 + P340 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338

• Hazard Statements ：

  H290-H314

• Flammability ：

  Noncombustible Liquid, but capable of igniting finely divided combustible materials.

• Explosion Limits ：

  Risk of fire and explosion on contact with base(s), combustible substances, oxidants, reducing agents or water.

• Toxicity ：

  LD50 orally in rats: 2.14 g/kg (Smyth)

Sulfuric acid (alternative spelling sulphuric acid) is a highly corrosive strong mineral acid with the molecular formula H2SO4 and molecular weight 98.079 g/mol. It is a pungent-ethereal, colorless to slightly yellow viscous liquid that is soluble in water at all concentrations. Sometimes, it is dyed dark brown during production to alert people to its hazards. The historical name of this acid is oil of vitriol. Sulfuric acid is a diprotic acid and shows different properties depending upon its concentration. Its corrosiveness on other materials, like metals, living tissues or even stones, can be mainly ascribed to its strong acidic nature and, if concentrated, strong dehydrating and oxidizing properties. It is also hygroscopic, readily absorbing water vapour from the air. Sulfuric acid at a high concentration can cause very serious damage upon contact, since not only does it cause chemical burns via hydrolysis, but also secondary thermal burns through dehydration. It can lead to permanent blindness if splashed onto eyes and irreversible damage if swallowed. Sulfuric acid has a wide range of applications including in domestic acidic drain cleaners, as an electrolyte in lead-acid batteries and in various cleaning agents. It is also a central substance in the chemical industry. Principal uses include mineral processing, fertilizer manufacturing, oil refining, wastewater processing, and chemical synthesis. It is widely produced with different methods, such as contact process, wet sulfuric acid process, lead chamber process and some other methods.