(±)-2-Methylpentanal

100.16

100.16

1739423

204-605-2

49351

2367

DTXSID9021978

COLORLESS LIQUID

2912190090

17.1

1.78

Alpha-methylvaleraldehyde appears as a colorless liquid. Less dense than water. Used to make rubber and artificial flavorings.

0.8092 g/cm³

-100℃

117 °C

62 °F

1.394

soluble in water (4.2g/L at 25°C).

Keep in a cool, dry, dark location in a tightly sealed container or cylinder. Keep away from incompatible materials, ignition sources and untrained individuals. Secure and label area. Protect containers/cylinders from physical damage.

16.9mmHg at 25°C

3.45 (vs air)

REMINISCENT OF HAM & CHEESE

WOODY, OILY HAM TASTE

Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.

Aldehydes

Highly Flammable

ALPHA-METHYLVALERALDEHYDE is an aldehyde. Aldehydes are frequently involved in self-condensation or polymerization reactions. These reactions are exothermic; they are often catalyzed by acid. Aldehydes are readily oxidized to give carboxylic acids. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of aldehydes with azo, diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. Aldehydes can react with air to give first peroxo acids, and ultimately carboxylic acids. These autoxidation reactions are activated by light, catalyzed by salts of transition metals, and are autocatalytic (catalyzed by the products of the reaction). The addition of stabilizers (antioxidants) to shipments of aldehydes retards autoxidation.

II

3

UN 2367 3/PG 2

1

11-36/37/38-52/53-R52/53-R36/37/38-R11

16-26-36-S36-S26-S16

RZ6905000

F,Xi

P210-P261-P305 + P351 + P338

H225-H315-H319-H335

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. (ERG, 2016)|Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 1st degree

|Danger|H225 (16%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P264, P273, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 1531 companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P280, P303+P361+P353, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]: CAUTION: All these products have a very low flash point: Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient. SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam. LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or regular foam. Do not use straight streams. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. (ERG, 2016)

FLAMMABLE; DANGEROUS FIRE RISK.

/GUIDE 130: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.|/GUIDE 130: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.|/GUIDE 130: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.|/GUIDE 130: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for 2-METHYLPENTALDEHYDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

STRONG IRRITANT TO SKIN & MUCOUS MEMBRANES.|The low molecular weight aldehydes, the halogenated aliphatic aldehydes, and the unsaturated aldehydes are particularly irritating. /Aldehydes/

| 2 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury.| 3 - Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Materials produce hazardous atmospheres with air under almost all ambient temperatures or, though unaffected by ambient temperatures, are readily ignited under almost all conditions.| 1 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable but that can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures.

2-Methylpentaldehyde is a volatile component in onion, garlic, milk, meat, and roasted peanuts(1).

2-Methylpentaldehyde's production and use as a flavoring ingredient(1) and an intermediate for dyes, resins, and pharmaceuticals(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 44(SRC), determined from an experimental water solubility of 4200 mg/L at 25 °C(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 2-methylpentaldehyde will have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 2-methylpentaldehyde may be important from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.7X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(4,SRC), and from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based on an estimated vapor pressure of 18 mm Hg(5,SRC). Insufficient data are available to determine the rate or importance of biodegradation of 2-methylpentaldehyde in soil(SRC), but simple aldehydes are generally biodegradable(6).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 44(SRC), determined from an experimental water solubility of 4200 mg/L at 25 °C(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 2-methylpentaldehyde may not adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC) in the water. 2-Methylpentaldehyde may volatilize from water surfaces based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.7X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 5.3 hours and 4.7 days, respectively(3,SRC). An estimated BCF value of 5.6(3,SRC), from an experimental water solubility(2), suggests that 2-methylpentaldehyde will not bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms(SRC) according to a recommended classification scheme(5). Insufficient data are available to determine the rate or importance of biodegradation of 2-methylpentaldehyde in water(SRC), but simple aldehydes are genrally biodegradable(6).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a suggested classification scheme(1), an estimated vapor pressure of 18 mm Hg at 25 °C(2,SRC) indicates that 2-methylpentaldehyde will exist in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-methylpentaldehyde is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 13 hours(3,SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2-methylpentaldehyde with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.9X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1,SRC). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 13 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC).

An estimated BCF value of 5.6 was calculated for 2-methylpentaldehyde(SRC), using an experimental water solubility of 4200 mg/L at 25 °C(1) and a recommended regression-derived equation(2). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this BCF value suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms will not be an important fate process(SRC).

The Koc of 2-methylpentaldehyde is estimated as approximately 44(SRC), using an experimental water solubility of 4200 mg/L at 25 °C(1) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2-methylpentaldehyde has very high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 2-methylpentaldehyde is estimated as 3.7X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This value indicates that 2-methylpentaldehyde will volatilize from water surfaces(2,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 5.3 hours(2,SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 4.7 days(2,SRC). 2-Methylpentaldehyde's vapor pressure, 17.9 mm Hg(3,SRC) and Henry's Law constant(1,SRC) indicate that volatilization from dry and moist soil may occur(SRC).

SURFACE WATER: 2-Methylpentaldehyde was qualitatively detected in the sea near Holbaek, Denmark using blue mussel as an indicator organism(1).

2-Methylpentaldehyde has been tentatively identified as a volatile component of raw chicken breast muscle and caecum(1), fried bacon(2), and chicken, beef and pork meat(3).

The general population can be exposed to 2-methylpentaldehyde in foodstuffs based on its natural existence as a volatile component in onion, garlic, milk, meat, and roasted peanuts(1), its use as a flavoring ingredient(1), and through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact(SRC). Occupational exposure to aldehydes, such as 2-methylpentaldehyde(SRC), can occur through dermal contact, inhalation, and ingestion(2).

Aldehydes are readily oxidized to organic acids, which, in turn, can serve as substrates for fatty acid oxidation pathways and the Krebs cycle. ... Oxidation of aldehydes is catalyzed by aldehyde dehydrogenase, which has been found in the brain, erythrocytes, liver, kidney, heart, and placenta. /Aldehydes/|... The detoxification of aldehydes can be seen to proceed basically via two routes: (1) an oxidation to yield readily metabolized acids; (2) inactivation by reaction with sulfhydryl groups, particularly glutathione. Under conditions that either deplete glutathione levels, or that result in an inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase (for example, Antabuse treatment), the acute and chronic effects of aldehyde toxicity might be more fully expressed. /Aldehydes/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]: Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. Wash skin with soap and water. In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin. Keep victim calm and warm. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. (ERG, 2016)

PRIMARY IRRITATION OF SKIN, EYES, & MUCOSA OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT. ... SENSITIZATION...KNOWN TO OCCUR ON CONTACT WITH...VARIOUS /ALDEHYDES/. /ALDEHYDES/|STRONG IRRITANT TO SKIN & MUCOUS MEMBRANES.|The mucus membranes of the nasal and oral passages and the upper respiratory tract are affected, producing a burning sensation ... bronchial constriction, choking, and coughing. The eyes tear, and a burning sensation is noted on the skin of the face. /Aldehydes/

Pentanal, 2-methyl-: ACTIVE|NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES 2.0 PPM; ICE CREAM, ICES, ETC 2.0 PPM; CANDY 2.0 PPM; BAKED GOODS 2.0 PPM; GELATINS & PUDDINGS 2.0 PPM; CHEWING GUM 2.0 PPM.|FLAVOR USEFUL IN HAM.

Food additives -> Flavoring Agents|Flavoring Agents -> JECFA Flavorings Index|Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 1st degree

Flavoring Agents