Chlorobutanol

108.57

177.46

200-317-6

HM4YQM8WRC

760101|44794|5208|4596

DTXSID1041217

NEEDLES (WATER+1)|Crystals|COLORLESS TO WHITE|Colorless to white crystals

A - Alimentary tract and metabolism

2905143000

20.2

2

Colorless crystals

1.4±0.1 g/cm3

97 °C

167 °C

>110°C

1.491

In water, 8,000 mg/l @ 20 deg C

-20°C

Oral-rabbit LDL0: 213 mg/kg; Oral-dog LDL0: 238 mg/kg

It is flammable in case of heat and fire; it decomposes by heating and releases chloride fumes

Camphor odor

Camphor taste

Crystal placed on water surface "dances" like camphor crystal; sublimes easily|BOILS WITH SOME DECOMP BETWEEN 165 °C & 168 °C

3

22-36/37/38

26-36/37/39

Xn

Treasury is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored separately from oxidant

Stable. Generates toxic fumes on combustion.

P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, P501

H302

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Manufacturers, packers, and distributors of drug and drug products for human use are responsible for complying with the labeling, certification, and usage requirements as prescribed by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as amended (secs 201-902, 52 Stat. 1040 et seq., as amended; 21 U.S.C. 321-392).|Chloretone is a chemical derivative of chloral, named in section 502(d) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and is hereby designated as habit forming.

|Warning|H302 (95.38%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P264, P270, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P321, P330, P332+P313, P362, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 66 companies from 7 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 61 companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

COMBUSTIBLE WHEN EXPOSED TO HEAT OR FLAME.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

A skin and eye irritant.

moderately toxic

Oral LD50 of anhydrous chlorobutanol in rat is 510 mg/kg [MSDS]. Chlorobutanol was shown to induce conjunctival and corneal cell toxicity _in vitro_

The binding to plasma proteins was 57 ± 3%.

1.70

No approved therapeutic indications on its own.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic Agents; Sympathomimetics; Vasoconstrictor Agents|TOPICALLY AS SOLN IN CLOVE OIL AS DENTAL ANALGESIC. IT HAS LOCAL ANESTHETIC POTENCY TO MILD DEGREE & HAS BEEN EMPLOYED AS ANESTHETIC DUSTING POWDER (1 TO 5%) OR OINTMENT (10%).|WHEN ADMIN ORALLY, IT HAS MUCH THE SAME THERAPEUTIC USE AS CHLORAL HYDRATE. HENCE, CHLOROBUTANOL HAS BEEN EMPLOYED AS SEDATIVE & HYPNOTIC. IT HAS BEEN TAKEN ORALLY TO ALLAY VOMITING DUE TO GASTRITIS. DOSE--TOPICAL. ... IN TABLETS OR CAPSULES.|MEDICATION (VET): ANTISEPTIC & LOCAL ANESTHETIC; INTERNALLY, IT IS USED AS SEDATIVE & HYPNOTIC. IT APPEARS TO BE OF VALUE IN GASTRITIS WITH PERSISTENT VOMITING IN DOGS.|For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for CHLORETONE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

VET WARNING: ... NOT FOR USE AS MOTION SICKNESS DRUG IN CATS AS REPEATED USE IN THIS SPECIES CAUSES RESP CENTER DEPRESSION & MAY BE FATAL. AVOID USE IN ANIMALS WITH LIVER OR KIDNEY PATHOLOGY.|RESEMBLES CHLORAL HYDRATE BUT NO GASTRIC IRRITATION.|ALLERGIC REACTIONS ... INCLUDE ERYTHEMA, SCARLATINIFORM EXANTHEMS, URTICARIA, AND ECZEMATOID DERMATITIS. THE ERUPTION USUALLY BEGINS ON THE FACE OR BACK AND SPREADS TO THE NECK, CHEST, AND ARMS; IT MAY BE FOLLOWED BY DESQUAMATION ... /CHLORAL HYDRATE/|UNDESIRABLE CNS EFFECTS INCLUDE LIGHTHEADEDNESS, MALAISE, ATAXIA, & NIGHTMARES. "HANGOVER" ALSO MAY OCCUR ... /CHLORAL HYDRATE/

4. 4= VERY TOXIC: PROBABLE ORAL LETHAL DOSE (HUMAN) 50-500 MG/KG, BETWEEN 1 TEASPOON & 1 OZ FOR 70 KG PERSON (150 LB).

Chlorobutanol is a detergent preservative with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. _In vitro_, chlorobutanol demonstrated to inhibit platelet aggregation and release via unknown mechanisms. A study proposes that the antiplatelet effect of chlorobutanol may occur from inhibition of the arachidonic acid pathway. It attenuated thromboxane B2 formation, elevation of cytosolic free calcium, and ATP release, and additionally exhibited a significant inhibitory activity toward several aggregation inducers in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Chlorobutanol may exert a direct negative inotropic effect on myocardial cells to isometric tension produced by the heart. Chlorobutanol was shown to induce conjunctival and corneal cell toxicity _in vitro_: at a concentration of 0.1%, Cbl caused near depletion of the squamous layer while degeneration of corneal epithelial cells, generation of conspicuous membranous blebs, cytoplasmic swelling, and occasional breaks in the external cell membrane were observed at a concentration of 0.5%.

Substances added to pharmaceutical preparations to protect them from chemical change or microbial action. They include ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS and antioxidants. (See all compounds classified as Preservatives, Pharmaceutical.)

Following oral administration in healthy subjects, the plasma concentration fell by 50% in 24 hours post-administration.|Under physiological conditions, chlorobutanol is unstable. The mean urinary recovery accounts for 9.6% of the dose orally administered.|The volume of distribution was approximately 233 ± 141 L in healthy individuals receiving oral chlorobutanol.|In healthy subjects, the clearance was approximately 11.6 ± 1.0 mL/min following oral administration.

Chlorobutanol is reported to undergo glucuronidation and sulphation.

Following oral administration, the terminal elimination half life in healthy subjects was 10.3 ± 1.3 days.

As a detergent, chlorobutanol disrupts the lipid structure of the cell membrane and increases the cell permeability, leading to cell lysis. It induces conjunctival and corneal cell toxicity via causing cell retraction and cessation of normal cytokines, cell movement, and mitotic activity. It disrupts the barrier and transport properties of the corneal epithelium as well as inhibits the utilization of oxygen by the cornea. Chlorobutanol also inhibits oxygen use by the cornea, which increases susceptibility to infection.

...SOLN CONTAINING...0.4% CHLOROBUTANOL...UNDER CONTACT LENS...LEFT ON EYE FOR SEVERAL MIN...UNCOMFORTABLE KERATITIS EPITHELIALIS HAS RESULTED, WITH FOGGING OF VISION, HALOES AROUND LIGHTS, & FOREIGN-BODY TYPE OF DISCOMFORT BEGINNING WITHIN HR & BECOMING WORSE...EYES HAVE RECOVERED SPONTANEOUSLY & COMPLETELY IN DAY OR TWO.|This substance may be habit forming ...

Acetonchloroform

CHLOROBUTANOL HAS BEEN WIDELY EMPLOYED AS VERY EFFECTIVE PRESERVATIVE IN EYEDROPS, USUALLY IN 0.5% CONCN, WITHOUT PRODUCING CLINICALLY RECOGNIZED OCULAR DISTURBANCE, EVEN THOUGH APPLIED SEVERAL TIMES A DAY FOR SEVERAL YR.|Chlorobutanol may be anhyd or it may contain up to about 1/2 mol of water. Label shall indicate whether chlorobutanol is anhyd or hydrate.|Grade: USP

2-Propanol, trichloro-2-methyl-: INACTIVE|2-Propanol, 1,1,1-trichloro-2-methyl-: ACTIVE|REACTS WITH RUBBER (VIAL STOPPERS, ETC) & RAPIDLY LOSES POTENCY. ... FDA REGULATION MAKES ZERO RESIDUE MANDATORY IN MILK FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION.|...DRUGS USED IN DOPING. ... AMONG DEPRESSANTS MAY BE MENTIONED...CHLORBUTOL...|BECAUSE OF DECOMP IN ALKALINE SOLN, WITH LOSS OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY, IT IS UNSUITABLE FOR USE AS BACTERIOSTATIC AGENT IN SUCH SOLN. IT IS REPORTED TO BE SLOW-ACTING. ... CHLOROBUTANOL IS NEUTRALIZED OR INACTIVATED BY 10% OF TWEEN 20 IN NUTRIENT BROTH MEDIUM.|APPROX 25% OF COMMERCIAL OPHTHALMIC SOLN CONTAIN CHLOROBUTANOL, SOMETIMES WITH EDTA.|For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for CHLORETONE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

AOAC Method 936.17. Chlorinated hydrocarbons in drugs. Infrared Spectrophotometric Method. /Chlorinated hydrocarbons/|AOAC Method 967.29. Chlorobutanol in drugs. Gas chromatographic and infrared methods. /Chlorobutanol/

METHOD WAS DEVELOPED FOR EST OF CHLORBUTANOL IN URINE BY ELECTRON CAPTURE GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY.

Cosmetics -> Preservative