3-Chloropropanenitrile

89.52360

89.52

208-827-0

61N7S4SZ2Q

2588

3276|2810

DTXSID4030336

COLORLESS LIQ

2926909090

23.79000

1.13888

Propionitrile, 3-chloro- is a colorless liquid with a characteristic acrid odor. Used in pharmaceutical and polymer synthesis. (EPA, 1998)

1.1573 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

-51 °C

175-176 °C

168 °F

n20/D 1.438(lit.)

4.50 g/100 mL

Keep in a cool, dry, dark location in a tightly sealed container or cylinder. Keep away from incompatible materials, ignition sources and untrained individuals. Secure and label area. Protect containers/cylinders from physical damage.

5 MM HG @ 46 DEG C

3 (EPA, 1998) (Relative to Air)

LD50 orally in mice, rats: 9, 100 mg/kg, Fassett in Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology vol. 2, F. A. Patty, Ed. (Interscience, New York, 2nd ed., 1962) pp 2025-2026

ACRID CHARACTERISTIC ODOR

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Halogenated Organic Compounds

Toxic gas (hydrogen chloride) is released when the compound is heated above 266 F. When heated to decomposition, it emits very toxic fumes of chlorine- containing compounds and nitrogen oxides. Avoid heat. [EPA, 1998].

II

6.1

UN 3276 6.1/PG 2

3

R23;R28

S36/37/39-S45

UG1400000

T+:Verytoxic;

Normally stable. May become unstable at elevated temperatures and/or pressures.

P261-P264-P301 + P310-P311

H300-H331

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P027, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.|A potential candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids.

Toxic gas (hydrogen chloride) is released when the compound is heated above 266F. When heated to decomposition, it emits very toxic fumes of chlorine- containing compounds and nitrogen oxides. Avoid heat. (EPA, 1998)|Flammable - 2nd degree, Reactive - 1st degree

|Danger|H300 (93.62%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P261, P264, P270, P271, P301+P310, P304+P340, P311, P321, P330, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 47 companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H227: Combustible liquid [Warning Flammable liquids]|P210, P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P310, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P321, P330, P337+P313, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501

(Non-Specific -- Propionitrile) Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Isolate for 1/2 mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire. Alcohol foam is recommended, but water spray can be used because the material can be cooled below its flash point. (EPA, 1998)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 3276 datasheet. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

(Non-Specific -- Propionitrile) Do not touch spilled material; stop leak if you can do so without risk. Use water spray to reduce vapors. Absorb small spills with sand or other noncombustible absorbent material. Dike far ahead of spill for later disposal. Isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind. (EPA, 1998)

For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)|Wear appropriate equipment to prevent: Any possibility of skin contact. /Cyanides/|Wear eye protection to prevent: Any possibility of eye contact. /Cyanides/|The following equipment should be available: Eyewash, quick drench. /Cyanides/|Recommendations for respirator selection. Max concn for use: 50 mg/cu m: Respirator Classes: Any supplied-air respirator. Any self-contained breathing apparatus. /Cyanides/|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for 3-CHLOROPROPANONITRILE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Fire hazard: Moderate, in its liquid form when exposed to heat or flame.

... SHOULD BE HANDLED WITH CAUTION & ALL EXPOSED PERSONS CLOSELY FOLLOWED MEDICALLY.

Chloropropanes and chloropropenes cause contact dermatitis ... irritation of mucous membranes. /Chloropropanes and chloropropenes/

| 0 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible materials.| 2 - Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Materials would not under normal conditions form hazardous atmospheres with air, but under high ambient temperatures or under moderate heating could release vapor in sufficient quantities to produce hazardous atmospheres with air.| 1 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable but that can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures.

P027; An acute hazardous waste when a discarded commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 1,000 lb or 454 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).|Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Propionitrile, 3-chloro- is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 1,000 lbs.

P027; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when 3-chloropropionitrile, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to federal and/or state hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any container or inner liner used to hold this waste or any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5(e)).

IT IS PROBABLY ABSORBED THROUGH THE INTACT SKIN.

Toxic effects are a result of systemic cyanide poisoning. (Non-Specific -- Cyanide) Few poisons are more rapidly lethal. Average oral lethal dose for hydrogen cyanide is approximately 60-90 mg (corresponds to 200 mg of potassium cyanide). Cause of death is lack of oxygen to the body's cells (especially the brain and heart) as a result of the chemical inhibiting cell enzymes. (EPA, 1998)

Warning: Effects, including skin reactions, may be delayed. Caution is advised. Vital signs should be monitored closely. Heart palpitation may begin within minutes after exposure. Note: Propionitrile, 3-chloro- is very readily absorbed through the skin. Signs and Symptoms of Propionitrile, 3-Chloro- Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to propionitrile, 3-chloro may include hypertension (high blood pressure) and tachycardia (rapid heart rate), followed by hypotension (low blood pressure) and bradycardia (slow heart rate). Cherry-red mucous membranes and blood, cardiac arrhythmias, and other cardiac abnormalities are common. Cyanosis (blue tint to the skin and mucous membranes) is not a consistent finding. Tachypnea (rapid respiratory rate) may be followed by respiratory depression. Lung hemorrhage and pulmonary edema may also occur. Headache, vertigo (dizziness), agitation, and giddiness may be followed by combative behavior, convulsions, paralysis, protruding eyeballs, dilated and unreactive pupils, and coma. Propionitrile, 3-chloro- is irritating to the skin and mucous membranes. Lacrimation (tearing) and a burning sensation of the mouth and throat are common. Excessive salivation, nausea, and vomiting may also occur. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to propionitrile, 3-chloro- exposure may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to propionitrile, 3-chloro-. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims. Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask. Direct oral contact with propionitrile, 3-chloro- contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self-poisoning. 3. Rush to a health care facility. 4. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to propionitrile, 3-chloro-. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims. Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask. Direct oral contact with propionitrile, 3-chloro- contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self-poisoning. 3. Rush to a health care facility. 4. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 5. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 6. Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with water. 7. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Ingestion Exposure: 1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims. Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask. Direct oral contact with propionitrile, 3-chloro- contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self-poisoning. 2. Rush to a health care facility. 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4. DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize! 5. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 6. Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup). Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. (EPA, 1998)

/Experimental Therapy:/ An approach to antidote therapy for cyanide poisoning by using Stroma-Free Methemoglobin Solution was investigated. Rats injected with an LD100 intravenous dose of cyanide were treated with Stroma-Free Methemoglobin Solution equal to 1.5% of their total body hemoglobin. There was a highly significant increase in the survival rate of the treated group compared to saline controls. The potential advantages of Stroma-Free Methemoglobin Solution over current antidotes include an immediate onset of action, rapid elimination of cyanide from the body and a mode of action that doesn't compromise any of the patients' oxygen carrying capacity. Stroma-Free Methemoglobin Solution shows promise as a significant adjunct in the treatment of cyanide poisoning.

READILY PENETRATES SKIN TO PRODUCE SYSTEMIC CYANIDE POISONING, DEATH.|SYMPTOMATOLOGY: 1) MASSIVE DOSES MAY PRODUCE, WITHOUT WARNING, SUDDEN LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS & PROMPT DEATH FROM RESP ARREST. WITH SMALLER BUT STILL LETHAL DOSES, ILLNESS MAY BE PROLONGED FOR 1 OR MORE HOURS. 2) UPON INGESTION, BITTER ... BURNING TASTE IS SOMETIMES NOTED, FOLLOWED BY FEELING OF CONSTRICTION OR NUMBNESS IN THROAT. SALIVATION & NAUSEA ARE NOT UNUSUAL, BUT VOMITING RARELY OCCURS ... . 3) ANXIETY, CONFUSION, VERTIGO, GIDDINESS & OTHER SENSATION OF STIFFNESS IN LOWER JAW. 4) HYPERPNEA & DYSPNEA. 5) ODOR OF BITTER ALMONDS MAY BE NOTED ON BREATH OR VOMITUS ... . 6) IN EARLY PHASES OF POISONING, INCR IN VASOCONSTRICTOR TONE CAUSES RISE IN BLOOD PRESSURE & REFLEX SLOWING OF HEART RATE. THEREAFTER PULSE BECOMES WEAK AND SOMETIMES IRREGULAR. 6) ... SENSATION OF CONSTRICTION IN CHEST. 7) UNCONSCIOUSNESS, FOLLOWED PROMPTLY BY VIOLENT CONVULSIONS, EPILEPTIFORM OR TONIC ... OPISTHOTONOS & TRISMUS MAY DEVELOP. INVOLUNTARY MICTURITION & DEFECATION OCCUR. 8) PARALYSIS, ... SKIN IS COVERED WITH SWEAT. EYEBALLS PROTRUDE & PUPILS ARE DILATED & UNREACTIVE. MOUTH IS COVERED WITH FOAM WHICH IS SOMETIMES BLOOD-STAINED. SKIN COLOR MAY BE BRICK-RED. CYANOSIS IS NOT PROMINENT IN SPITE OF WEAK & IRREGULAR GASPING. /CYANIDE/|TOXIC BY INGESTION, INHALATION & SKIN CONTACT.|Chloropropanes and chloropropenes cause contact dermatitis, headaches, vertigo, tearing, irritation of mucous membranes, and when ingested, liver damage in humans. /Chloropropanes and chloropropenes/

Propanenitrile, 3-chloro-: ACTIVE

EPA Method 8250. Packed Column GC/MS Technique for the determination of semivolatile organic compounds in extracts prepared from all types of solid waste matrices, soil, and groundwater. This method is applicable to quantify most neutral, acidic, and basic organic compounds that are soluble in methylene chloride and capable of being eluted with derivatization as sharp peaks from a gas chromatographic packed column. Under the prescribed conditions, no detection limit was given for 3-chloropropanonitrile. Precision and method accuracy were found to be directly related to the concentration of the analyte and essentially independent of the sample matrix.|The analyte can be extracted from water and can be gas chromatographed as determined by Athens-ERL or S-Cubed.

Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 2nd degree, Reactive - 1st degree