Squalene

Squalene is an intermediate product in the synthesis of cholesterol, and shows several pharmacological properties such as hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antioxidant, and antitoxicant activity.

Method 1: Using shark liver oil as the raw material, the shark liver oil is distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 3.5% of the initial fraction containing basal squalane. The residual oil (96.5%) is distilled at 533.28-666.61Pa (4-5mmHg) to 242°C. No distillate. The 1450 g of this distillate was first treated with sodium hydroxide to remove free acid, and distilled on sodium metal under a pressure of 666.61 Pa (5 mmHg) to obtain a squalene product. 1383g of this distillate was fractionated in 4 times under a pressure of 1.333kPa (10mmHg), and the first fraction was distilled to 282°C in an oil bath. Shark liver oil [deacidification, vacuum distillation] → [vacuum distillation] → [sodium] squalene finished product Method 2. Preparation of shark liver as raw material concentrate Take shark liver, wash and shred it, use a double-layer pot to 100 The steam at ℃ was steamed for 4h and then extracted to obtain an extract, which was concentrated to obtain a concentrated solution. Shark liver (shredded) [100℃ steam, 4h]→Extract [concentrate]→Preparation of concentrated squalene product The concentrated solution is left for a whole day and night, naturally cooled, then the supernatant is extracted, stirred with acid clay, and left for a whole day and night, The precipitate was removed, and the supernatant was obtained. The supernatant was refined once and filtered with No. 2 filter paper to obtain the finished squalene. Concentrate → Supernatant [Acid Clay] → Supernatant [Refined] → Finished squalene Method 3. Preparation of crude oil using shark liver as raw material Take 900g of fresh frozen whale shark liver, remove blood, shred and divide 3 times (300g each time) placed in a high-speed masher, add 250ml of distilled water to each tissue, homogenize for 2min, pour into a 2000ml beaker, heat at 80℃ water temperature, and adjust the liver with 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution Homogenate Ph to about 9, stirring constantly, heating for about 1h, centrifuge while hot (3000r/min, 20min), draw the upper yellow oil, wash with saturated sodium chloride solution 2-3 times, and then wash to Ph with distilled water It is neutral, about 300ml of crude oil. Shark liver [mashed] → homogenate [saponification, separation] → [NaOH, 80°C] yellow oil [NaCl, H2O] → refinement of crude oil squalene Take 1 portion of 170ml crude product and place in a vacuum distillation flask In the middle, heating with a silicone oil bath, distillation under reduced pressure, when the internal temperature is 85-140 ℃; vacuum degree is 6-1.2Pa, the first fraction appears as a yellow oil, about 40ml. When the internal temperature rises to 190-206°C and the vacuum degree is 0.8-0.4Pa, the fraction II is collected as a light yellow oil, about 78ml. The oily substance of fraction II was placed in a vacuum distillation flask equipped with a fractionation tower, and vacuum distillation was performed again. When the internal temperature is 190°C and the vacuum degree is 0.53Pa, light yellow oil begins to appear, about 20ml. When the internal temperature rises to 195-200°C and the vacuum degree is 0.4-0.13Pa, collect colorless and transparent oil, about 35ml, which is the refined squalene product. Crude oil [silicone oil bath] → [190-206℃, 0.8-0.4Pa] light yellow oil [concentrated under reduced pressure] → [195-200℃, 0.4-0.13Pa] refined squalene.

Bactericide; intermediate in manufacture of pharmaceuticals, organic coloring materials, rubber chemicals, aromatics and surface active agentsNutritional medicine. Oral application to treat high and low blood pressure, anemia, diabetes, liver cirrhosis, cancer, constipation, worm teeth; external application to treat tonsillitis, wheezing, bronchitis, cold, tuberculosis, rhinitis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, bile and bladder stones , Rheumatism, neuralgia, etc..Nutritional medicine. Oral application to treat high and low blood pressure, anemia, diabetes, liver cirrhosis, cancer, constipation, worm teeth; external application to treat tonsillitis, wheezing, bronchitis, cold, tuberculosis, rhinitis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, bile and bladder stones , Rheumatism, neuralgia, etc. Solvent. Gas chromatographic stationary liquid (maximum operating temperature 140℃, solvent is toluene), separation and analysis of hydrocarbon compounds.

Molecular Weight:410.7
XLogP3:11.6
Rotatable Bond Count:15
Exact Mass:410.391251595
Monoisotopic Mass:410.391251595
Heavy Atom Count:30
Complexity:578
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count:4
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes