Two Types Of Progesterone Only Pill That Commonly Used

Progesterone is secreted by the corpus luteum of the ovary and has a significant morphological effect on the endometrium stimulated by estrogen in vivo, and is necessary for maintaining pregnancy. The two types of progesterone only pill commonly used are Medroxyprogesterone 17-acetate and Progesterone Soft Capsules.

Medroxyprogesterone 17-acetate

Applicable disease

Medroxyprogesterone 17-acetate as one of the commonly used types of progesterone only pill is mainly used for dysmenorrhea, functional amenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, endometriosis, advanced breast cancer, endometrial adenocarcinoma and kidney cancer. Large doses can be used as long-acting contraceptives. In addition, the effect is also reflected in the menstrual cramps because the endometrium loses the support of estrogen and progesterone and falls off, and can continue to artificially supplement estrogen or progesterone, especially progesterone, so that the "unsupported" endometrium continues to Get support and maintain a level of continued thickening, so that the lining of the uterus grows firmly on the uterine wall, preparing for the implantation of a fertilized egg, achieving the purpose of delaying menstruation.

On October 27, 2017, the list of carcinogens published by the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer was preliminarily sorted out for reference, and it is included in the list of Class 2B carcinogens as one of commonly used types of progesterone only pill.

Pharmacological action

This product is a progestin drug and has no estrogenic activity. The activity of progesterone is 20 to 30 times that of progesterone when injected subcutaneously, and intramuscular injection has a long-term effect. For functional bleeding, amenorrhea, endometriosis caused by hormone imbalance. This drug is added to menopausal hormone replacement therapy to counteract the proliferative effect of estrogen on the endometrium. High-dose adjuvant therapy for endometrial cancer.

Adverse reactions

Mental aspect: nervousness, insomnia, lethargy, fatigue, dizziness.

Skin and mucous membranes: Allergic reactions ranging from itching, measles, angioedema to generalized rashes and no defensive reactions have been reported, with a few reports of acne, baldness or hirsutism.

Gastrointestinal: Nausea and indigestion, especially at higher doses.

Body: Sometimes it can cause breast tenderness and bloating.

May also produce similar adrenal cortisol response and hypercalcemia, and occasionally obstructive jaundice has been reported.

Precautions

1) This drug must be used under the guidance of an experienced clinician. In the event of thromboembolic symptoms such as migraine, vision loss, diplopia, etc., due to the drug's enhanced coagulation mechanism, the drug should be discontinued immediately.

2) Some women have irregular bleeding and other reactions. If bleeding occurs, ethinyl estradiol 0.05~0.1 mg can be added according to the amount of bleeding for 3 days to stop the bleeding. Use with caution in patients with liver disease and nephritis.

3) It has certain androgenic effects, and prolonged use during pregnancy can lead to masculinization of female fetuses.

4) Thromboembolic disease, liver and kidney insufficiency, breast tumor and abortion are prohibited.

5) During continuous high-dose Medroxyprogesterone 17-acetate treatment, attention should be paid to the presence or absence of hypertension, water and sodium retention, hypercalcemia, etc. If these symptoms occur, the medication should be adjusted.

6) This product may cause a certain degree of fluid retention. Patients with epilepsy, migraine, asthma, cardiac insufficiency or renal insufficiency should be cautious when using this product.

7) Patients with a history of depression should be carefully observed, and those with severe recurrence of depression should stop taking the drug. Glucose tolerance is reduced in some patients when using progesterone, so it should be used with caution in diabetic patients.

Progesterone Soft Capsules

Applicable disease

Progesterone soft capsules, another commonly used types of progesterone pill, are suitable for threatened abortion and habitual abortion, premenstrual tension syndrome, anovulatory uterine bleeding and anovulatory amenorrhea, combined with estrogen to treat menopausal syndrome.

Pharmacological action

This product is a progestin drug, with the general effect of progesterone. In the late period of the menstrual cycle, the endometrium can be changed to the secretory phase, which provides favorable conditions for the implantation of the fertilized egg. After the implantation of the fertilized egg, the placenta is formed, which can reduce the excitability of the pregnant uterus and enable the fetus to grow safely. When combined with estrogen, it promotes breast development in preparation for milk production. This product can inhibit the release of luteinizing hormone in the anterior pituitary through negative feedback to the hypothalamus, so that the follicles cannot mature and inhibit the ovulation process of the ovary.

Adverse reactions

Breakthrough bleeding, vaginal spotting, weight gain or loss, cervical squamocolumnar junction changes, cervical discharge changes, breast swelling, nausea, dizziness, headache, lethargy, fever, insomnia, allergic rash with or without itching , Melasma, chloasma, obstructive jaundice, abnormal liver function.

Precautions

Use with caution in patients with kidney disease, heart disease, edema, and hypertension. In the event of clinical manifestations of thrombophlebitis (eg, thrombophlebitis, cerebrovascular disease, pulmonary embolism, retinal thrombosis), the drug should be discontinued immediately. Sudden partial vision loss or sudden blindness, diplopia, or migraine should be discontinued immediately.

Conclusion

Both of the above two types of progesterone only pill have certain side effects, and frequent consumption will lead to dependence. So patients should take it strictly according to the instructions.