Edema is one of the common symptoms of the neonatal period. Its prominent manifestation is weight gain. It is caused by excessive accumulation of body fluid in the interstitial space, resulting in systemic or local swelling. Edema that is sunken when pressed is called pitting edema, and that is not sunken when pressed is called non-pitting edema. In fetuses and newborns, there is physiological edema because there is more extracellular fluid than intracellular fluid. Systemic edema at birth is called fetal edema (hydrops fetalis), and it is often accompanied by effusion in the serous cavity. This type of edema disappears on its own within a few days after birth. Edema caused by various reasons after birth is called neonatal edema, which is often seen in the limbs, waist, back, face and perineum.