Amikacin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. This product has a good effect on most Enterobacteriaceae, such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Shigella, Salmonella, Citrobacter, Serratia, etc. It also has a good effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and some other Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, etc. It also has a good antibacterial effect on meningococci, gonococci, influenza bacilli, Yersinia, Campylobacter fetus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some mycobacteria. Its antibacterial activity is slightly lower than that of gentamicin. The most prominent advantage of this product is that it is stable against aminoglycoside deactivating enzymes produced by many intestinal gram-negative bacteria and will not be deactivated by such enzymes and lose its antibacterial activity. Among the 12 deactivating enzymes isolated so far, this product can only be deactivated by AAC (6'). In addition, AAD (4') and APH (3')-Ⅲ can occasionally cause bacteria to be moderately resistant to this product. About 60-70% of clinically isolated Enterobacteriaceae that are resistant to aminoglycosides such as gentamicin, tobramycin and netilmicin are still sensitive to this product. In recent years, the number of strains resistant to amikacin in Gram-negative bacteria has also increased. Among Gram-positive cocci, this product has a good antibacterial effect on methicillin-sensitive strains of Staphylococcus, while Streptococcus pneumoniae, various groups of Streptococci and Enterococcus are mostly resistant to it. This product is ineffective against anaerobic bacteria. The mechanism of action of this product is to act on the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome and inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. Amikacin can often achieve a synergistic antibacterial effect when used in combination with semi-synthetic penicillins or cephalosporins.

Kanamycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. This product has good antibacterial effects on most Enterobacteriaceae such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Shigella, Salmonella, Citrobacter, Providencia, Yersinia, etc.; Haemophilus influenzae, Brucella, Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, etc. are also mostly sensitive to this product. Kanamycin also has a certain effect on Staphylococcus (methicillin-sensitive strains) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but is ineffective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Other Gram-positive bacteria such as hemolytic streptococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus and anaerobic bacteria are mostly resistant to this product. In recent years, the number of resistant strains has increased significantly, because some bacteria produce aminoglycoside inactivating enzymes, which make them lose their antibacterial activity. Kanamycin has complete cross-resistance with streptomycin and neomycin, and may have partial cross-resistance with other aminoglycosides. This product mainly binds to the bacterial ribosome 30S subunit and inhibits bacterial protein synthesis.

Kanamycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. This product has good antibacterial effects on most Enterobacteriaceae such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Shigella, Salmonella, Citrobacter, Providencia, Yersinia, etc.; Haemophilus influenzae, Brucella, Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, etc. are also mostly sensitive to this product. Kanamycin also has a certain effect on Staphylococcus (methicillin-sensitive strains) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but is ineffective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Other Gram-positive bacteria such as hemolytic streptococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus and anaerobic bacteria are mostly resistant to this product. In recent years, the number of resistant strains has increased significantly, because some bacteria produce aminoglycoside inactivating enzymes, which make them lose their antibacterial activity. Kanamycin has complete cross-resistance with streptomycin and neomycin, and may have partial cross-resistance with other aminoglycosides. This product mainly binds to the bacterial ribosome 30S subunit and inhibits bacterial protein synthesis.

This product has the effects of inhibiting Ca influx and anti-sympathetic nerves. It can reduce myocardial contractility and relax vascular smooth muscle, increase coronary flow, and reduce myocardial oxygen consumption. It also has the effect of promoting collateral circulation and can be used for the prevention and treatment of angina pectoris. LD50 (oral): 0.2/kg for mice, 1g/kg for rats.

This product is a mucolytic agent that can increase the secretion of the respiratory tract and reduce the secretion of mucus glands, thereby reducing the viscosity of sputum, promoting the secretion of lung surfactant, increasing the movement of bronchial cilia, and making sputum easier to cough up.