Rifampicin is a semi-synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial drug of the rifamycin class, which has antibacterial activity against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. The drug has a significant bactericidal effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some non-tuberculous mycobacteria (including Mycobacterium leprae, etc.) both inside and outside the host cells. Rifampicin has a good antibacterial effect on aerobic Gram-positive bacteria, including enzyme-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant strains, Streptococcus pneumoniae, other Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Listeria, Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium perfringens, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, anaerobic cocci, etc. It also has a high degree of antibacterial activity against aerobic Gram-negative bacteria such as Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Rifampicin also has a good effect on Legionella, and has an inhibitory effect on pathogens such as Chlamydia trachomatis, lymphogranuloma venereum, and psittacosis.

A selective β1-adrenergic receptor blocker with no membrane stabilizing effect and endogenous sympathomimetic activity. However, it does not inhibit the bronchodilator effect of isoproterenol. Its mechanism of lowering blood pressure and reducing myocardial oxygen consumption is the same as that of propranolol. Large-scale clinical trials have confirmed that atenolol can reduce the mortality rate of acute myocardial infarction within 0 to 7 days. The therapeutic dose has no significant inhibition on myocardial contractility.

It can form a thin film on the surface of damaged gastric mucosa, thereby resisting the invasion of gastric acid on the mucosa and protecting the gastric mucosa. In addition, sucralfate can absorb pepsin and neutralize gastric acid, but the effect is weak.

It achieves antibacterial effect by inhibiting the activity of bacterial DNA gyrase and hindering bacterial replication. It has the characteristics of broad antibacterial spectrum and strong antibacterial effect, and has good antibacterial effect on most Enterobacteriaceae, Gram-positive bacteria, Legionella, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, etc., but has poor effect on anaerobic bacteria and enterococci.

It achieves antibacterial effect by inhibiting the activity of bacterial DNA gyrase (bacterial topoisomerase II) and hindering bacterial replication. It has broad-spectrum and strong antibacterial characteristics, and has good antibacterial effects on most Enterobacteriaceae, Gram-negative bacteria, some Gram-positive bacteria, Legionella, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, etc., but has poor effects on anaerobic bacteria and enterococci.