Hunan Dongting Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Anticonvulsant, anti-epileptic, anti-neuropathic pain, anti-manic-depressive, improves the symptoms of certain mental illnesses, and treats central diabetes insipidus; possible mechanisms include use-dependent blocking of various excitable cell membrane Na channels, inhibition of T-type calcium channels, enhancement of central noradrenergic nerve activity, promotion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion, or increased sensitivity of effectors to ADH.

Potassium is the main cation in cells, with a concentration of 150-160 mmol/L, while the main cation outside cells is sodium ions, and the serum potassium concentration is only 3.5-5.0 mmol/L. The body mainly relies on Na+-K+ ATPase on the cell membrane to maintain the difference in K+ and Na+ concentrations inside and outside cells. The acid-base balance in the body has an impact on potassium metabolism. For example, when acidosis occurs, H+ enters the cell. In order to maintain the potential difference inside and outside the cell, K+ is released outside the cell, causing or aggravating hyperkalemia. Metabolic disorders can also affect acid-base balance. The normal potassium ion concentration and concentration difference inside and outside cells are closely related to certain functions of cells, such as carbohydrate metabolism, glycogen storage and protein metabolism, excitability and conductivity of nerves and muscles including myocardium, etc.

This product is a dibenzodiazepine antipsychotic. It has a strong blocking effect on the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT2A) receptor and dopamine (DA1) receptor in the brain, and also has a blocking effect on the dopamine (DA4) receptor, and a weaker blocking effect on the dopamine (DA2) receptor. In addition, it also has anticholinergic (M1), antihistamine (H1) and anti-α-adrenaline receptor effects. Extrapyramidal reactions are rare, and generally do not cause an increase in blood prolactin. It can directly inhibit the ascending activation system of the brainstem reticular formation and has a strong sedative and hypnotic effect.

This product is a non-narcotic analgesic with analgesic, sedative, hypnotic and tranquilizing effects. Its analgesic effect is stronger than that of general antipyretic analgesics. The analgesic effect appears 10 minutes after taking the medicine and can last for 2-5 hours. It has a good analgesic effect on dull pain caused by the gastrointestinal system, but has a poor effect on severe pain such as trauma. It is also effective for menstrual pain, and is more suitable for insomnia, especially insomnia caused by pain, and has no sequelae after waking up.

This product is an amide local anesthetic. After blood absorption or intravenous administration, it has obvious biphasic effects of excitation and inhibition on the central nervous system, and there may be no precursor excitation. When the blood concentration is low, analgesia and drowsiness occur, and the pain threshold increases; with increasing doses, the effect or toxicity increases, and it has an anticonvulsant effect at sub-toxic blood concentrations; convulsions may occur when the blood concentration exceeds 5μg·ml-1. At low doses, it can promote the outflow of K in myocardial cells, reduce the autonomy of the myocardium, and have an anti-ventricular arrhythmia effect; at therapeutic doses, it has no obvious effect on the electrical activity of myocardial cells, atrioventricular conduction, and myocardial contraction; further increases in blood concentrations can cause a slowing of the heart conduction velocity, atrioventricular conduction block, inhibition of myocardial contractility, and a decrease in cardiac output.