Spironolactone tablets

This drug has a similar structure to aldosterone and is a competitive inhibitor of aldosterone. It acts on the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct, blocking the Na+-K+ and Na+-H+ exchanges, resulting in increased excretion of Na+, C1- and water, reduced excretion of K+, Mg2+ and H+, and uncertain effects on Ca2+ and P3-. Since this drug only acts on the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct, and has no effect on other segments of the renal tubule, its diuretic effect is weak. In addition, this drug also has effects on aldosterone target organs other than the renal tubule.

Spironolactone

This product is white tablets.

1. Edema diseases: It is used in combination with other diuretics to treat edema diseases such as congestive edema, ascites caused by liver cirrhosis, and renal edema. The purpose is to correct the increased secondary aldosterone secretion associated with the above diseases and counteract the potassium excretion effect of other diuretics. It is also used to treat idiopathic edema. 2. Hypertension: It is used as an auxiliary drug for the treatment of hypertension. 3. Primary aldosteronism: Spironolactone can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. 4. Prevention of hypokalemia: It is used in combination with thiazide diuretics to enhance the diuretic effect and prevent hypokalemia.

1. Adults ① For the treatment of edema, take 40-120 mg daily, divided into 2-4 times, for at least 5 consecutive days. Adjust the dose as appropriate later. ② For the treatment of hypertension, start with 40-80 mg daily, divided into 2 times, for at least 2 weeks, and adjust the dose as appropriate later. It is not suitable to be used in combination with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors to avoid increasing the chance of hyperkalemia. ③ For the treatment of primary aldosteronism, the daily dose for patients before surgery is 100-400 mg, divided into 2-4 times. For patients who are not suitable for surgery, a smaller dose is used for maintenance. ④ For the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. For long-term tests, take 400 mg daily, divided into 2-4 times, for 3-4 consecutive weeks. For short-term tests, take 400 mg daily, divided into 2-4 times, for 4 consecutive days. The elderly are more sensitive to this drug, so the initial dose should be smaller. 2. For the treatment of edema in children, start with 1-3 mg/kg per day or 30-90 mg/m2 per body surface area, taken once or in 2-4 doses, and adjust the dose as appropriate after 5 consecutive days. The maximum dose is 3-9 mg/kg or 90-270 mg/m2 per day.

1. Common ones include: ① Hyperkalemia, which is the most common, especially when used alone, taking a high-potassium diet, taking potassium or potassium-containing drugs such as penicillin potassium, and when there is renal impairment, oliguria, or anuria. Even when used in combination with thiazide diuretics, the incidence of hyperkalemia can still reach 8.6%~26%, and arrhythmia is often the first manifestation, so blood potassium and electrocardiogram must be closely followed during medication; ② Gastrointestinal reactions, such as nausea, vomiting, gastric cramps and diarrhea; there are reports that it can cause peptic ulcers. 2. Rare ones include: ① Hyponatremia, which is rare when used alone, and the incidence increases when used in combination with other diuretics; ② Anti-androgen-like effects or effects on other endocrine systems. Long-term use of this drug can cause male breast development, impotence, and sexual dysfunction in men, and breast pain, coarse voice, increased hair, menstrual disorders, and decreased sexual function in women; ③ Central nervous system manifestations. Long-term or high-dose use of this drug can cause walking incoordination, headaches, etc. 3. Rare events include: ① allergic reaction, including rash and even dyspnea; ② temporary increase of plasma creatinine and urea nitrogen, which is mainly related to excessive diuresis, insufficient effective blood volume and decreased glomerular filtration rate; ③ mild hyperchloremic acidosis; ④ tumor. There are reports of 5 patients who developed breast cancer after long-term use of this drug and hydrochlorothiazide.

Contraindicated in patients with hyperkalemia.

Precautions for children: This experiment has not been conducted and there is no reliable reference. Precautions for pregnancy and lactation: Use with caution in pregnant and lactating women. Precautions for the elderly: Elderly people are more likely to develop hyperkalemia and excessive diuresis when taking the drug.

1. Adrenocortical hormones, especially those with strong mineralocorticoid effects, adrenocorticotropic hormone can weaken the diuretic effect of this drug and antagonize the potassium retention effect of this drug. 2. Estrogen can cause water and sodium retention, thereby weakening the diuretic effect of this drug. 3. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics, especially indomethacin, can reduce the diuretic effect of this drug, and the renal toxicity increases when used in combination. 4. Sympathomimetic drugs reduce the antihypertensive effect of this drug. 5. Dopamine enhances the diuretic effect of this drug. 6. When used in combination with drugs that cause a decrease in blood pressure, both the diuretic and antihypertensive effects are enhanced. 7. When used in combination with the following drugs, the chance of hyperkalemia increases, such as potassium-containing drugs, stored blood (containing 30mmol/L of potassium, such as storage for more than 10 days containing up to 65mmol/L of potassium), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists and cyclosporine A. 8. When used in combination with glucose insulin solution, alkaline agent, sodium-type potassium-lowering exchange resin, the chance of hyperkalemia is reduced. 9. This drug prolongs the half-life of digoxin. 10. When used in combination with ammonium chloride, metabolic acidosis is likely to occur. 11. When used in combination with nephrotoxic drugs, nephrotoxicity is increased. 12. Sodium carbenoxolone and licorice preparations have aldosterone-like effects and can reduce the diuretic effect of this drug.

Seal and store in a dry place.

20mg

30 months