Aminophylline Injection

This product is a complex salt of theophylline and ethylenediamine. Its pharmacological effect mainly comes from theophylline, and ethylenediamine increases its water solubility. This product has a direct relaxant effect on the smooth muscle of the respiratory tract. Its mechanism of action is relatively complex. In the past, it was believed that it was caused by inhibiting phosphodiesterase and increasing the intracellular cAMP content. Recent experiments have shown that the bronchodilator effect of theophylline is partly due to the release of endogenous adrenaline and norepinephrine. In addition, theophylline is a purine receptor blocker that can counteract the contractile effect of adenine and other substances on the respiratory tract. Theophylline can enhance the contractility of the diaphragm, especially when the diaphragm contraction is weak, so it is beneficial to improve respiratory function. This product also has a weak effect of relaxing the smooth muscle of the coronary arteries, peripheral blood vessels and bile ducts. It has a slight increase in contractility and a slight diuretic effect.

Aminophylline

It is suitable for relieving wheezing symptoms of bronchial asthma, chronic asthmatic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, etc.; it can also be used for heart failure and cardiac asthma.

1. The common dosage for adults is intravenous injection, 0.125-0.25g at a time, 0.5-1g a day, 0.125~0.25g each time is diluted with 50% glucose injection to 20~40ml, and the injection time shall not be shorter than 10 minutes. Intravenous drip, 0.25~0.5g at a time, 0.5~1g a day, diluted with 5%~10% glucose injection and slowly dripped. For injection, the maximum dosage is 0.5g at a time, 1g a day. 2. The common dosage for children is intravenous injection, 2-4mg/kg per body weight at a time, diluted with 5%~25% glucose injection and slowly injected.

The toxicity of theophylline often occurs when the serum concentration is 15-20mu;g/ml, especially at the beginning of treatment. Common symptoms in the early stage include nausea, vomiting, irritability, insomnia, etc. When the serum concentration exceeds 20mu;g/ml, tachycardia and arrhythmia may occur. When the theophylline in the serum exceeds 40mu;g/ml, fever, dehydration, convulsions and other symptoms may occur, and severe cases may even cause respiratory and cardiac arrest and death.

It is contraindicated for patients who are allergic to this product, those with active peptic ulcers and uncontrolled convulsive diseases.

1. Diltiazem and verapamil can interfere with the metabolism of theophylline in the liver. When used in combination with this product, the blood concentration and toxicity of this product will be increased. 2. Cimetidine can reduce the liver clearance rate of this product. When used in combination, it can increase the serum concentration and (or) toxicity of theophylline. 3. Certain antibacterial drugs, such as erythromycin, roxithromycin, and clarithromycin of macrolides; enoxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin of fluoroquinolones; clindamycin and lincomycin can reduce the clearance rate of theophylline and increase its blood concentration. Erythromycin and enoxacin are particularly prominent. When theophylline is used in combination with the above drugs, the dosage should be appropriately reduced or the blood concentration of theophylline should be monitored. 4. Phenobarbital, phenytoin, and rifampicin can induce liver enzymes, accelerate the liver clearance rate of theophylline, and reduce the serum concentration of theophylline; theophylline also interferes with the absorption of phenytoin, and the plasma concentrations of both decrease. When used in combination, the dosage should be adjusted and the blood concentration should be monitored. 5. When used in combination with lithium salts, it can increase the renal excretion of lithium, affecting the effect of lithium salts. 6. When used in combination with mexiletine, it can reduce the clearance of theophylline and increase the concentration of theophylline in plasma, requiring dose adjustment. 7. When used in combination with caffeine or other xanthine drugs, it can increase their effects and toxicity.

Keep away from light and store in a sealed container.

2ml:0.5g