High Quality 98% White Powder Guanidinoacetic Acid CAS 352-97-6 GAA with fast delivery

Guanidinoacetic Acid More Info

Guanidineacetic acid (GAA), also known as guanidinoacetate or glycocyamine, is a naturally occurring compound that plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of creatine, an important molecule for energy metabolism in muscle tissues. It is classified as an alpha amino acid and is characterized by the presence of a guanidine group attached to the amino acid glycine. It is primarily synthesized in the kidneys from L-arginine and glycine through the action of the enzyme L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT), which transfers the guanidine group from arginine to glycine

Synthesis

Guanidineacetic acid can be synthesized both biologically and chemically:
Biological Synthesis: In vertebrates, GAA is produced in the kidneys and subsequently methylated to form creatine by the enzyme guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase (GAMT) using S-adenosylmethionine as a methyl donor12.
Chemical Synthesis: The compound was first prepared in 1861 by Adolph Strecker through the reaction of cyanamide with glycine in an aqueous solution. Various synthetic methods have been developed to produce GAA with minimal toxic by-products.

Uses

Nutritional Supplement
GAA has gained attention as a dietary supplement due to its role in enhancing creatine synthesis. It has shown potential benefits in various clinical conditions, including:
Energy Boosting: GAA may improve energy levels and physical performance, particularly in individuals with chronic illnesses or undergoing intensive physical training3.
Glucose Regulation: Some studies suggest that GAA can act as an insulinotropic agent, potentially helping to lower blood glucose levels and improve glucose tolerance34.
Animal Feed Additive
Guanidineacetic acid is approved as a feed additive in poultry and swine farming. It is used to enhance growth performance and feed conversion efficiency, particularly in young animals. Research indicates that GAA supplementation can lead to:
Increased weight gain.
Improved muscle development.
Enhanced nutrient digestion.

Health Implications

While GAA supplementation has potential benefits, there are considerations regarding its effects on homocysteine levels. High doses may lead to increased homocysteine, which is associated with cardiovascular issues. Therefore, it is often recommended to pair GAA with methyl donors like betaine to mitigate this risk.

Metabolic Disorders

Elevated levels of GAA can indicate certain metabolic disorders, such as Guanidinoacetate Methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency, which leads to creatine depletion and various neurological symptoms due to impaired energy metabolism.

Mechanism of action

Guanidinoacetic acid is an amino acid analog that is the only prerequisite for the synthesis of creatine in vertebrates. Creatine is mainly found in muscle cells and is involved in the body's energy metabolism, and it forms the phosphagen system together with phosphocreatine. When the body has an excess of ATP, phosphocreatine stores energy. When the body ATP supply is insufficient, phosphocreatine can generate ATP again. this supplementation does not require the participation of oxygen, much faster than the energy supplementation released directly by food oxidation, can meet the rapid growth of muscle and emergency physiological state of young animals on the need for energy.

Side Effects

The administration of guanidinoacetic acid has no significant effect on the enzyme expression profiles of human liver and muscle, and the side effects associated with its administration are acceptable, such as weight gain, nausea, abdominal distension, muscle cramps, and abdominal pain. However, it is worth noting that the administration of guanidinoacetic acid is able to increase serum homocysteine levels in addition to increasing serum creatinine levels and muscle creatine levels. This is due to the fact that guanidinoacetic acid is methylated to form creatine and at the same time is able to form S-adenosylhomocysteine, which is then hydrolyzed to cysteine and adenosine in the body. Since serum homocysteine is a clinically important indicator of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, thus guanidinoacetic acid intake raises plasma homocysteine levels, which can be considered as a side effect of guanidinoacetic acid.

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Company Profile

Established in 2013, Hyper Chem has exclusive tie-ups with leading manufacturers, supplying raw materials produced in GMP and ISO 9002 certified facilities, and provides high-quality ingredients and raw materials to cater to the requirements of our diverse range of clients.

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