High Quality Urolithin A CAS 1143-70-0 with ready stock and fast delivery

Urolithin A More Info

Urolithin A (UA) is a metabolite compound resulting from the transformation of ellagitannins by gut bacteria. It belongs to a class of organic compounds known as benzo-coumarins or dibenzo-α-pyrones. Ellagitannins, the precursors to Urolithin A, are found in various edible plants like pomegranates, strawberries, raspberries, and walnuts. UA is not directly found in food sources; its bioavailability depends on an individual's gut microbiota composition, as only certain bacteria can convert ellagitannins into urolithins.

Mechanism of Action

Urolithin A has several proposed mechanisms of action:
Mitophagy Stimulation: UA stimulates mitophagy, the process of removing damaged mitochondria, which improves cellular health.
Activation of SIRT1 and AMPK: UA activates sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which increases PGC-1α levels, leading to mitochondrial biogenesis.
Angiogenic Pathways Augmentation: UA boosts skeletal muscle ATP and NAD+ levels, upregulating angiogenic pathways via a SIRT1-PGC-1α pathway.
Ahr/Nrf2 Pathway Activation: UA activates the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) and Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway and its downstream antioxidative stress.

Applications

Urolithin A has various potential applications:
Muscle Endurance: Supplementation with UA improves muscle endurance in older adults.
Mitochondrial Health: UA promotes mitochondrial health by stimulating mitophagy and inducing mitochondrial gene expression.
Counteracting Age-Associated Muscle Decline: UA may help counteract age-related muscle decline.
Alzheimer's Disease: UA improves cognition and restores synaptic function in Alzheimer's disease models.
Increasing ATP and NAD+ Levels: UA increases ATP and NAD+ levels in skeletal muscle.
Angiogenesis: UA supplementation bolsters skeletal muscle angiogenesis.

Routes of Administration

Urolithin A is administered orally, typically via dietary supplements

Safety and Side Effects

Urolithin A is generally considered safe when supplemented in recommended amounts. Reported side effects are typically mild.
Potential side effects include:
Gastrointestinal upset (stomach pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea)
Headaches
Allergic reactions (rare).

Pharmacokinetics

Transformation: Urolithin A is produced from ellagitannins by gut bacteria.
Absorption: After synthesis in the intestines, UA enters the systemic circulation.
Metabolism: UA undergoes additional chemical transformations, including glucuronidation, methylation, and sulfation, within enterocytes and hepatocytes.
Excretion: Urolithin A and its derivatives are released into circulation before being excreted in the urine.
The efficiency of ellagitannins' conversion into urolithin A varies significantly among individuals due to differences in gut microflora. Some individuals show no conversion. Direct supplementation with Urolithin A can overcome the limitations of microbiome variability.

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