1. Basic Product Information

1.1 Core Physicochemical Parameters

• Chinese Name: Industrial-grade Calcium Chloride, Aliases: Anhydrous Calcium Chloride, Calcium Chloride Dihydrate, Calcium Chloride Desiccant
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• English name：Industrial Calcium Chloride, Anhydrous Calcium Chloride, Calcium Chloride Dihydrate
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• CAS number：Anhydrous Calcium Chloride 10043-52-4; Calcium Chloride Dihydrate 10035-04-8
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• Molecular formula: Anhydrous calcium chloride CaCl₂; Calcium chloride dihydrate CaCl₂·2H₂O
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• Molecular weight: Anhydrous calcium chloride 110.98; Calcium chloride dihydrate 147.02
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• Appearance and properties: The anhydrous product is white or off-white porous lumps, granules, spiny balls or powder, odorless, with a slightly bitter taste; the dihydrate product is white or off-white flakes, granules, or spherical, with uniform texture, strong hygroscopicity, easy deliquescence when exposed to air, and its aqueous solution is neutral or weakly alkaline.
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• Solubility: Extremely soluble in water, releasing a large amount of heat during the dissolution process; soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and acetic acid; insoluble in ether
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• Melting point: Anhydrous calcium chloride 772-775℃; Dihydrate calcium chloride 175℃, which can be dehydrated to convert into anhydrous calcium chloride when heated to above 260℃
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• Density: The relative density of anhydrous calcium chloride is 2.15g/cm³; the relative density of dihydrate calcium chloride is 1.835g/cm³
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• Freezing point of aqueous solution: The higher the concentration, the lower the freezing point. The freezing point of a 30% aqueous solution can reach -55℃, making it an excellent low-temperature refrigerant.
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• Stability: It is stable under normal temperature and pressure. Avoid direct contact with strong acids, strong alkalis, strong oxidants, and humid environments. It has no risk of flammability or explosion and is a non-hazardous chemical product.

• 1.2 Product Classification

  Industrial-grade calcium chloride is classified according to the content of crystal water, physical form, and purity level, to meet the differentiated needs of different industrial scenarios. The characteristics and applicable directions of various products are clearly distinguished, with specific classifications as follows:

  1.2.1 Classification by Crystalline Water Content

  • Anhydrous calcium chloride (high-purity version): Calcium chloride content ≥90%, ≥94%, extremely strong hygroscopicity, high purity, low impurity content, large heat of dissolution, suitable for scenarios such as high-end drying, petroleum dehydration, aviation snow melting, and precision industrial dehumidification
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  • Calcium chloride dihydrate (mainstream general-purpose type): Calcium chloride content ≥72%, ≥74%, ≥77%. It has moderate hygroscopicity, stable properties, is not easy to agglomerate, and has an extremely high cost performance. It is the preferred product for municipal snow melting, building antifreeze, sewage treatment, and mining area dust suppression, with the largest circulation in the market.
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  • Liquid calcium chloride (custom liquid type): The content can be adjusted between 20% and 40%. It is colorless, transparent, free of suspended solids and dust pollution. It can be directly pumped and dosed, and is suitable for scenarios such as sewage treatment automation systems, liquid snow melting, and spray dust suppression in mining areas. It is convenient to use and does not require dissolution.
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  1.2.2 Classification by Physical Form

  • Spiny spherical calcium chloride: large specific surface area, fast moisture absorption speed, moderate fluidity, mainly used as industrial desiccant and dehumidifier, with good filling property
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  • Spherical calcium chloride: uniform particles, excellent fluidity, not easy to agglomerate, convenient for automatic packaging and precise dosing, suitable for bulk use in snow melting and sewage treatment
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  • Flaky calcium chloride: mature production process, low cost, moderate bulk density, suitable for large-volume snow melting and addition to building materials, convenient for transportation and storage
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  • Powdery calcium chloride: extremely fast dissolution rate, suitable for emergency snow melting, chemical reactions, and rapid deployment in water treatment. It is highly hygroscopic and needs to be stored in sealed containers.

  • II. Product Usage Characteristics

    2.1 Core Application Section

    2.1.1 Road Snow Melting and Deicing (Largest Application Field)

    Industrial-grade calcium chloride is a high-efficiency snow-melting and deicing agent specially used for municipal roads, highways, airport runways, ports and docks, squares, parking lots, bridges and tunnels in winter, and it is also the preferred snow-melting product in extremely cold regions at present. Its core principle is that when it dissolves in ice and snow, it releases a large amount of heat, quickly breaks the molecular structure of ice and snow, and at the same time significantly lowers the freezing point of water to prevent ice and snow from re-condensing. Its snow-melting efficiency is far higher than that of traditional sodium chloride salt. Compared with salt, calcium chloride has lower corrosiveness to road concrete, metal guardrails and vegetation. It can still maintain excellent ice-melting effect in low-temperature environments (above -30℃), with less dosage and faster effect. It can quickly ensure smooth traffic and travel safety, and is suitable for all-weather deicing operations in winter in cold northern regions and high-altitude areas.

    
    

    

    2.1.2 Construction and Building Materials Industry

    As a core admixture for concrete and mortar, it is widely used in various construction projects, winter construction projects, and prefabricated component production. Firstly, it acts as a concrete early strength agent, accelerating the cement hydration reaction process, significantly shortening the concrete setting cycle, and remarkably improving the early strength. The 3-day strength can reach more than 70% of the standard curing strength, accelerating the project construction progress and formwork turnover efficiency. Secondly, it is used as a concrete anti-freezing agent, lowering the freezing point of the aqueous solution inside the concrete, preventing the concrete from freezing and cracking in low-temperature environments, and ensuring the quality of winter construction. Thirdly, it can be used as a setting accelerator for building mortar, a coagulant for coatings, and a wood preservative. It improves the strength and impermeability of mortar, prolongs the service life of wood, prevents insect infestation and decay, and is suitable for the construction of various civil buildings, industrial plants, and road and bridge projects.

    
    

    

    2.1.3 Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry

    It is an important additive in the links of oil drilling, extraction, and refining, and is widely used in oilfield operations. It is used as a drilling fluid additive to adjust the specific gravity and viscosity of drilling mud, stabilize the wellbore, prevent wellbore collapse and diameter reduction, lubricate the drill bit, reduce drilling resistance, and improve drilling efficiency. It is used as a dehydrating agent for oil products such as petroleum, diesel, and gasoline, as well as organic solvents. Utilizing its strong hygroscopicity, it removes free water from oil products, improves the purity and quality of oil products, and avoids the impact of water on the performance of oil products. At the same time, it can be used for demulsification and salt removal of oilfield condensate water, helping to efficiently extract and refine oil and gas resources, and is suitable for various oil and gas operation scenarios such as onshore oilfields and offshore drilling platforms.

    
    

    

    2.1.4 Industrial Drying and Dehumidification

    With extremely strong hygroscopic properties, it is one of the most widely used neutral desiccants in the industrial field. It can dry most neutral and acidic gases as well as organic solvents, but cannot dry ammonia gas (as it will form a complex with ammonia). It is widely used for moisture-proofing and dehumidification in warehouses, basements, containers, ships, precision instrument workshops, electronic equipment factories, and textile mills to prevent goods, equipment, and raw materials from getting damp, mildewed, rusted, or deteriorating. It is also used for drying and purification of industrial gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, and sulfur dioxide, as well as dehydration and refining of organic solvents like alcohols, esters, and ethers. Its moisture absorption capacity can reach more than 150% of its own weight, with long-lasting drying effect, long replacement cycle, and low cost.

    
    

    

    2.1.5 Sewage Treatment and Environmental Protection Dust Suppression

    In the field of water treatment, it acts as a coagulant aid and phosphorus remover. When used in conjunction with conventional water purification agents such as polyaluminum chloride and polyacrylamide, it accelerates the flocculation and sedimentation of suspended particles in sewage, improves sludge dewatering efficiency, and reduces water turbidity. At the same time, it can combine with phosphate ions in water to form insoluble calcium phosphate precipitates, efficiently removing phosphorus from wastewater, preventing water eutrophication, and is suitable for various water treatment systems such as domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, mine wastewater, and printing and dyeing wastewater. In addition, utilizing its hygroscopicity, spraying the solution on mining areas, coal yards, construction sites, and municipal roads can quickly agglomerate surface dust, suppress dust pollution, maintain long-term ground moisture, reduce dust diffusion, and achieve significant environmental protection effects.

    
    

    

    2.1.6 Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering

    Aqueous calcium chloride solution is a high-quality coolant (refrigerant) for industrial refrigeration, cold storage, ice rinks, food freezing, and chemical low-temperature reaction systems. It realizes heat transfer through circular flow, has a wide refrigeration temperature range, can reach a low temperature of -50℃, and its cost is much lower than that of organic coolants such as ethylene glycol. Moreover, it has excellent thermal conductivity and is suitable for various industrial refrigeration equipment, low-temperature test equipment, and artificial ice rink construction. It is an indispensable refrigerant raw material in the field of cryogenic engineering.

    2.1.7 Other Industrial Uses

    • Chemical raw materials: It is a core intermediate for the production of calcium salt products such as metallic calcium, barium chloride, and calcium carbonate. It is also used in the manufacture of desiccants and snow-melting agent composite products
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    • Printing and dyeing, papermaking: Used as a fabric sizing agent and hardening agent to improve the stiffness of fabrics, as a deinking aid for waste paper, and to accelerate the coagulation of pulp fibers
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    • Rubber industry: Natural latex coagulant, aiding in the processing and molding of rubber products
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    • Metallurgical industry: Chlorinating agent and flux in ferrous metallurgy, which lowers the melting point of ores and improves smelting efficiency
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    • Agricultural field: Soil amendment, which adjusts soil pH, supplements calcium, and can also be used as a preservative for fresh fruits and vegetables to extend the preservation period

    2.2 Core Feature Advantages of the Product

    1. Excellent moisture absorption performance: The anhydrous product has a moisture absorption capacity far exceeding that of similar desiccants, with large moisture absorption capacity, fast speed, long-term moisture resistance, and is suitable for various dehumidification scenarios
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    3. Adaptation to extremely cold environments: The aqueous solution has an extremely low freezing point. It still possesses excellent snow-melting and refrigeration performance in -30℃ environments, breaking through the limitations of low-temperature use.
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    5. Exothermic dissolution property: When dissolved in water, it releases a large amount of heat, which helps to quickly melt snow and ice in winter without the need for additional heat sources, making it energy-saving and efficient.
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    7. Rapid setting and early strength enhancement effect: Significantly shorten the setting time of concrete and mortar, improve early strength, and solve the pain points of slow construction and easy freezing cracking in winter
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    9. Low corrosion and more environmentally friendly: Compared with traditional chloride salt products, its corrosiveness to metals, concrete, and vegetation is significantly reduced, with low environmental risks.
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    11. Complete morphological specifications: Various forms are available, including solid flakes, granules, spiny balls, powders, and liquids. The content can be customized to adapt to different dosing equipment and processes.
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    13. Excellent solubility: It can dissolve quickly and completely in cold water without residues or precipitates. It is easy to prepare and does not block the dosing pipes and equipment.
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    15. Non-hazardous, easy to store and transport: It has no flammable or explosive properties, no highly toxic or corrosive properties, and is a common chemical product. The conditions for transportation and storage are lenient, and the operation is safe.
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    17. Outstanding cost-performance ratio: wide range of raw material sources, low production cost, better unit use effect than most similar products, and low comprehensive use cost

    III. Product Specification Parameters (Rule Parameters)

    Industrial-grade calcium chloride is divided into mainstream specifications according to content and form. All physical indicators are stable. Products with special content and special particle size can be customized and produced according to customers' actual needs. The mainstream specifications and core parameters of the industry are as follows:

    
    

    Product Model	Appearance and Form	Calcium chloride (CaCl₂) content	Core applicable scenarios	Standard packaging specifications
    Anhydrous Calcium Chloride (Premium Grade)	spiny spherical, powdery	≥94%	High-end industrial drying, petroleum dehydration, aviation snow melting, precision dehumidification	25kg plastic-lined woven bags, 1000kg ton bags
    Anhydrous Calcium Chloride (Qualified Grade)	flaky, lumpy	≥90%	Ordinary industrial drying, conventional snow melting, building antifreeze	25kg plastic-lined woven bags, 1000kg ton bags
    Calcium Chloride Dihydrate (Premium Grade)	spherical, flaky	≥77%	Municipal snow melting, high-performance concrete, sewage treatment	25kg plastic-lined woven bags, 50kg woven bags, 1000kg ton bags
    Calcium Chloride Dihydrate (General Purpose)	spherical, flaky	≥74%	Road snow melting, ordinary construction, dust suppression in mining areas	25kg plastic-lined woven bags, 50kg woven bags, 1000kg ton bags
    Calcium Chloride Dihydrate (Economic Grade)	granular, flaky	≥72%	Low-cost snow melting, ordinary dust prevention, basic water treatment	25kg plastic-lined woven bags, 1000kg ton bags
    Liquid Calcium Chloride	Colorless and transparent liquid	20%、25%、30%、40%	Automated sewage treatment, liquid snow melting, mining area spraying	Transportation by ton barrels and tank trucks

    3.1 Core Physical Performance Parameters

    • pH value (10% aqueous solution, 25℃): 6.0-11.0
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    • Water insoluble matter content: ≤0.10%-0.25% (classified by grade)
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    • Iron (Fe) content: ≤0.004% - 0.006%
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    • Sulfate content (calculated as CaSO₄): ≤0.05%
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    • Total alkali metal chlorides (calculated as NaCl): ≤5.0%
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    • Bulk density: anhydrous spiny balls 1.1-1.3g/cm³; dihydrate spherical balls 0.85-1.0g/cm³; flake 0.75-0.9g/cm³
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    • Granule size specifications: spherical 1-3mm, 3-5mm, 4-6mm; flaky 2-5mm, 5-10mm
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    • Hygroscopicity: Anhydrous products are extremely hygroscopic, and dihydrate products are moderately hygroscopic. Both need to be stored in sealed containers to prevent moisture absorption.

  • IV. Product Quality Standards

    This product strictly complies with the latest national standard of GB/T 26520-2021 "Industrial Calcium Chloride" and meets the control requirements for environmentally friendly industrial raw materials. All products leaving the factory have undergone strict quality inspections, and all indicators meet the standards. The specific quality indicators and testing methods are as follows:

    4.1 Quality Indicators of Anhydrous Calcium Chloride

    Testing Items	Indicators for Type I Premium Grade Products	Quality Indicators for Type II Qualified Products	Detection Method
    Mass fraction of calcium chloride (CaCl₂)	≥94.0%	≥90.0%	EDTA complexometric titration method
    Total alkali metal chlorides (calculated as NaCl)	≤5.0%	≤5.0%	precipitation titration method
    Mass fraction of water-insoluble substances	≤0.10%	≤0.15%	Gravimetric method
    Mass fraction of iron (Fe)	≤0.004%	≤0.004%	Spectrophotometry
    Sulfate (calculated as CaSO₄)	≤0.05%	≤0.05%	Barium chloride turbidimetry
    Alkalinity [calculated as Ca(OH)₂]	≤0.25%	≤0.20%	Acid-base titration method
    pH value (10g/L aqueous solution)	6.0-11.0	6.0-11.0	pH meter determination method

    4.2 Quality Indexes of Calcium Chloride Dihydrate

    Testing items	Type I Superior Product Indexes	Type II Qualified Product Indexes	Type III Economic Product Indexes	Detection Method
    Mass fraction of calcium chloride (CaCl₂)	≥77.0%	≥74.0%	≥72.0%	EDTA complexometric titration method
    Total alkali metal chlorides (calculated as NaCl)	≤3.0%	≤5.0%	≤7.0%	precipitation titration method
    Mass fraction of water-insoluble substances	≤0.15%	≤0.20%	≤0.25%	Gravimetric method
    Mass fraction of iron (Fe)	≤0.005%	≤0.006%	≤0.01%	Spectrophotometry
    Sulfate (calculated as CaSO₄)	≤0.05%	≤0.08%	≤0.10%	Barium chloride turbidimetric method
    Alkalinity [calculated as Ca(OH)₂]	≤0.20%	≤0.25%	≤0.30%	Acid-base titration method
    pH value (10g/L aqueous solution)	6.0-11.0	6.0-11.0	6.0-11.0	pH meter determination method

    4.3 Quality Indicators for Liquid Calcium Chloride

    • Calcium chloride content: 20%±1%, 25%±1%, 30%±1%, 40%±1%
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    • Appearance: Colorless or light yellow transparent liquid, without suspended matter, sediment, or mechanical impurities
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    • pH value: 6.0-11.0
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    • Water-insoluble substances: ≤0.05%
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    • Iron content: ≤0.005%

    4.4 Inspection Rules

    1. Products with the same batch, same specification, and same production shift constitute an inspection batch. Each batch of products must undergo a full inspection by the quality inspection department before leaving the factory. Only after passing the inspection and being accompanied by a product qualification certificate can they leave the factory for sale.
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    3. Sampling is strictly carried out in accordance with GB/T 6678 "General Rules for Sampling of Chemical Products". Samples are randomly selected, mixed evenly, and divided into two parts. One part is submitted for inspection, and the other part is kept for future reference. The retention period of the sample is 3 months.
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    5. Factory inspection items: appearance, calcium chloride content, pH value, water-insoluble substances; Type inspection includes all quality indicators, which is carried out once every six months, or must be carried out when there is a change in production process or raw materials.
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    7. If any item in the inspection result is unqualified, double sampling can be conducted from the same batch of products for re-inspection. If there are still unqualified items in the re-inspection result, the batch of products shall be judged as unqualified and is strictly prohibited from leaving the factory.

    8. V. Packaging, Transportation and Storage

       5.1 Packaging Specifications

       • Solid calcium chloride: It is packed in a double layer consisting of an inner polyethylene plastic film and an outer polypropylene woven bag. The seal is tight to prevent material leakage and moisture absorption. The regular specifications are 25kg, 50kg, and 1000kg ton bags. The bag clearly indicates the product name, model, content, production date, batch number, manufacturer, implementation standard, and moisture-proof warning sign.
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       • Liquid calcium chloride: Packaged in food-grade PE ton barrels and stainless steel tank trucks with excellent sealing performance to prevent leakage and volatilization. The ton barrels are marked with concentration and protection tips, and the tank trucks are equipped with special discharge valves for easy loading and unloading.
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       5.2 Transportation Requirements

       • The product is an ordinary non-hazardous chemical, which can be transported by road, railway, and waterway through conventional means, and there is no need to go through dangerous goods transportation procedures.
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       • During transportation, it must be covered to protect against rain and sunlight, packaging damage should be avoided, and mixing transportation with strong acids, strong alkalis, strong oxidants, and toxic and harmful substances is strictly prohibited.
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       • During loading and unloading operations, handle with care; throwing, dropping, and dragging are prohibited to prevent the packaging bags from breaking, which may cause the product to absorb moisture, agglomerate, spill, and result in losses.
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       • For the transportation of liquid products, it is necessary to check the tightness of the containers to prevent leakage due to jolting. Tank trucks used for transportation must have special transportation qualifications.

       5.3 Storage Conditions

       • Store in a standardized warehouse that is cool, dry, and well-ventilated, away from fire sources, heat sources, and water sources. The indoor humidity should be controlled below 75% to prevent moisture absorption and deliquescence.
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       • It is strictly prohibited to store outdoors. Solid products must be placed on wooden or plastic pallets, keeping a distance of more than 30cm from the ground and walls to avoid moisture.
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       • Store separately by category. It is strictly prohibited to store or place together with acidic substances, alkaline substances, and strong oxidants to avoid chemical reactions that cause product deterioration.
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       • Shelf life: The shelf life of well-sealed solid products is 12 months; the shelf life of liquid products when stored in a sealed condition is 6 months. Once opened, they should be used as soon as possible to prevent moisture absorption and deterioration.

       
       

       VI. Safety Precautions and Emergency Handling

       6.1 Operational Precautions

       • The product is slightly irritating. It is recommended to wear a dust mask, rubber gloves, and goggles during operation to avoid inhaling dust or direct contact with the skin and eyes.
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       • Maintain good ventilation in the operating area, promptly clean up spilled products to avoid accumulation and moisture absorption. Use wet cleaning methods to reduce dust dispersion.
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       • During the dissolution operation, slowly add calcium chloride to water and stir continuously. It is forbidden to pour water into calcium chloride powder to prevent violent local heat release which may cause liquid splashing.
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       • When adding liquid products, check the tightness of pipes and valves to avoid leakage, and clean immediately if they come into contact with the skin.

       6.2 Emergency Treatment Measures

       • Skin contact: Immediately remove contaminated clothing, rinse the contact area with a large amount of flowing water for more than 15 minutes. It is generally non-corrosive, and uncomfortable symptoms can be quickly relieved.
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       • Eye contact: Immediately lift the eyelids and rinse continuously with a large amount of flowing water or physiological saline for 15 minutes. If redness, swelling, or a stinging sensation occurs, seek medical attention promptly.
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       • Inhalation of dust: Immediately leave the site and move to a place with fresh air. Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. If coughing or dry throat occurs, drink plenty of water to relieve the symptoms. Seek medical attention if the condition is severe.
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       • Accidental ingestion: Immediately drink a large amount of warm water, induce vomiting, do not drink acidic beverages, and seek medical treatment promptly.
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       • Handling of spilled products: Solid products should be swept up, collected, and then resealed in packaging. The spilled area on the ground should be rinsed clean with water; Liquid products should be absorbed with sand, then cleaned up, and the rinsing wastewater can be discharged into the sewage treatment system.

       6.3 Environmental Protection Tips

       Industrial-grade calcium chloride is not a toxic or harmful pollutant. It is highly soluble in water and has good biodegradability. Waste products can be disposed of as general industrial solid waste, or dissolved and diluted before being discharged into the sewage treatment system. It is strictly prohibited to directly discharge large quantities into natural water bodies or farmland to avoid excessive salinity in water bodies and soil salinization. Snowmelt wastewater after snow melting should be directed to the municipal sewage pipe network for treatment and is prohibited from being directly discharged into rivers or lakes.

       VII. Summary of Product Application Scope

       Industrial-grade calcium chloride, with its strong hygroscopicity, excellent freezing point depression properties, stable chemical properties, and high cost performance, has become a core basic chemical raw material across multiple fields such as municipal environmental protection, construction engineering, petrochemical industry, sewage treatment, refrigeration industry, metallurgy and light industry, and agriculture. It can meet diverse industrial needs including snow melting and deicing, industrial drying, concrete admixtures, water treatment coagulation aid, mining area dust suppression, and refrigeration as a secondary refrigerant. The product has a complete range of forms, customizable specifications, quality in line with national standards, safe storage and transportation, and convenient operation. It is suitable for large-scale use by various industrial enterprises, municipal units, and engineering constructors, and is an irreplaceable multi-functional chemical product in industrial production and municipal operation and maintenance.