Name | Nattokinase |
CAS number | 133876-92-3 |
Description | Nattokinase is a potent fibrinolytic enzyme produced through the fermentation of soybeans with the bacterium Bacillus subtilis (natto). |
Structural formula | |
Molecular Formula | C20H23BCl2N2O9 |
Molecular Weight | 517.12 g/mol |
Appearance | White powder |
Quality Standard | 99% |
Storage Condition | Cool dry place( away from the light) |
Shelf Life | >2 years if stored properly |
Sample package | Aluminium foil bag |
Commercial package | Aluminium Tin, Fiber drum |
Origin | China |
Nattokinase is a potent fibrinolytic enzyme produced through the fermentation of soybeans with the bacterium Bacillus subtilis (natto). As a serine protease belonging to the subtilisin family, it is extracted from natto, a traditional Japanese food that has been consumed for centuries. Unlike many thrombolytic agents, nattokinase is notable for its oral bioavailability and stability in the gastrointestinal tract. The CAS number for nattokinase is 133876-92-3, and it is also known under trade names such as NSK-SD® and Nattoesse .
The primary mechanism of action of nattokinase involves the direct degradation of fibrin, the protein mesh that forms blood clots. It dissolves blood clots by directly hydrolyzing fibrin and plasmin substrates, effectively "thinning" the blood and protecting against conditions caused by clots. In vitro studies have demonstrated that nattokinase can dissolve 94% of a blood clot within ten minutes and degrades fibrin clots after two hours of incubation .
Preclinical research has confirmed the thrombolytic activity of nattokinase in living organisms. In vivo studies using animal models have shown that administering nattokinase exhibits significant fibrinolytic activity and effectively dissolves blood clots. For example, an oral dose of 150-250 mg/kg twice daily for two days demonstrated substantial clot-dissolving effects in a rat model of thrombosis . Beyond its cardiovascular applications, emerging research suggests that nattokinase may degrade toxic amyloid fibrils associated with Alzheimer's disease and insulin fibrils related to diabetes .
Clinically, nattokinase has been investigated for multiple applications, including the treatment of hyperlipidemia and improving cerebral blood flow in patients with carotid stenosis. According to clinical trial registries, studies have been completed or initiated to evaluate its efficacy and safety for these indications . Although nattokinase is promoted for use as a fibrinolytic and thrombolytic agent, it is important to note that large-scale clinical trials are still required to fully support widespread therapeutic use .
The safety profile of nattokinase is generally considered favorable, with small, short-term trials reporting no adverse reactions. However, there is a theoretical risk of bleeding. Safety Data Sheets classify nattokinase as not a hazardous substance or mixture, and no occupational exposure limits have been established for its components . Standard laboratory handling precautions apply, including storage of the powder at -20°C for long-term stability (up to three years) and the use of appropriate personal protective equipment such as safety goggles and gloves . It is strictly intended for research use only and not for human therapeutic or veterinary applications.
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