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Home > Encyclopedia > Microcrystalline cellulose

Microcrystalline cellulose

pharmaceutical raw materials
Microcrystalline cellulose structure

Microcrystalline cellulose 

structure
  • CAS No:

    9004-34-6

  • Formula:

    (C12H20O10)n

  • Chemical Name:

    Microcrystalline cellulose

  • Synonyms:

    AVICEL PH;AVICEL PH 101(R);AVICEL PH 102;AVICEL PH 105(R);AVICEL(R);''AVICEL(R)'';AVICEL SF;AVIRIN

  • Categories:

    Cosmetic Ingredient  >  Emulsion Stabilising

Description

white powder Microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethylcellulose sodium occurs as a white or off-white odorless and tasteless hygroscopic powder containing 5–22% sodium carboxymethylcellulose. It is a water-dispersible organic hydrocolloid. Microcrystalline cellulose is a purified, partially depolymerized cellulose that occurs as a white, odorless, tasteless, crystalline powder composed of porous particles. It is commercially available in different particle sizes and moisture grades that have


Cellulose is an odorless, white powdery fibers. Density: 1.5 g/cm3. The biopolymer composing the cell wall of vegetable tissues. Prepared by treating cotton with an organic solvent to de-wax it and removing pectic acids by extration with a solution of sodium hydroxide. The principal fiber composing the cell wall of vegetable tissues (wood, cotton, flax, grass, etc.). Technical uses depend on the strength and flexibility of its fibers. Insoluble in water. Soluble with chemical degradation in sulfuric acid, and in concentrated solutions of zinc chloride. Soluble in aqueous solutions of cupric ammonium hydroxide (Cu(NH3)4(OH)2).|WetSolid|Odorless, white substance.|Odorless, white substance. [Note: The principal fiber cell wall material of vegetable tissues (wood, cotton, flax, grass, etc.).]


Cellulose is an odorless, white powdery fibers. Density: 1.5 g/cm3. The biopolymer composing the cell wall of vegetable tissues. Prepared by treating cotton with an organic solvent to de-wax it and removing pectic acids by extration with a solution of sodium hydroxide. The principal fiber composing the cell wall of vegetable tissues (wood, cotton, flax, grass, etc.). Technical uses depend on the strength and flexibility of its fibers. Insoluble in water. Soluble with chemical degradation in sulfuric acid, and in concentrated solutions of zinc chloride. Soluble in aqueous solutions of cupric ammonium hydroxide (Cu(NH3)4(OH)2).|A disaccharide consisting of two glucose units in beta (1-4) glycosidic linkage. Obtained from the partial hydrolysis of cellulose.


A natural carbohydrate high polymer (polysaccha- ride) consisting of anhydroglucose units joined by an oxygen linkage to form long molecular chains that are essentially linear. It can be hydrolyzed to glucose. The degree of polymerization is from 1000 for wood pulp to 3500 for cotton fiber, giving a molecular weight from 160,000 to 560,000. Cellulose is a colorless solid, d approximately 1.50, insoluble in water and organic solvents. It will swell in sodium hydroxide solution and is soluble in Schweitzer’s reagent. It is the fundamental con- stituent of all vegetable tissues (wood, grass, cotton, etc.) and the most abundant organic material in the world. Cotton fibers are almost pure cellulose; wood contains approximately 50%. The physical structure of cellulose is unusual in that it is not a single crystal but consists of crystalline areas embedded in amorphous areas. Chemical reagents penetrate the latter more easily than the former. Cel- lulose is virtually odorless and tasteless and is com- bustible, with an ignition point of approximately 450F. In some forms, it is flammable. For example, railroad shipping regulations require a flammable label on such items as burnt fiber, burnt cotton, wet waste paper, and wet textiles. Fires have been known to occur in warehouses in which telephone books were stored. These were undoubtedly due to heat buildup in the paper caused by microbial activity and self-sustaining oxidation.


A nuisance dust. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

Microcrystalline cellulose Basic Attributes

324.28

2.01588

232-674-9

2559

TSCA listed

DTXSID1023233|DTXSID3045984|DTXSID3050492|DTXSID50873004

White or almost white

39129090

Characteristics

190 Ų

4.75

powder

1.5 g/cm3 (20℃)

76-78 °C(Solv: acetone (67-64-1); chloroform (67-66-3))

237.6±35.0 °C at 760 mmHg

164 °C

n20/D 1.504

insoluble

room temp

0 mm Hg (approx) (NIOSH, 2016)|0 mmHg (approx)

LD50 orally in Rabbit: > 5000 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 2000 mg/kg

Odorless

5-7.5 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)(slurry)

No rapid reaction with air No rapid reaction with water

Alcohols and Polyols

Cellulose microcrystalline is combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents including bromine pentafluoride, sodium nitrate, fluorine, perchlorates, perchloric acid, sodium chlorate, magnesium perchlorate, F2, zinc permanganate, sodium nitrite, sodium nitrate, sodium peroxide. Nitration with a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids produces Cellulose microcrystalline nitrates (celluloid pyroxylin, soluble pyroxyline, guncotton) which are flammable or explosive.

232 °C

Combustible Solid

room temp

Safety Information

NONH for all modes of transport

3

Xi

24/25

FJ5950200

Xi

Microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethylcellulose sodium is hygroscopic and should not be exposed to moisture. It is stable over a pH range of 3.5–11. Store in a cool, dry place. Avoid exposure to excessive heat.

Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

37

Microcrystalline cellulose is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

Not Classified

Skin: No recommendation is made specifying the need for personal protective equipment for the body. Eyes: No recommendation is made specifying the need for eye protection. Wash skin: No recommendation is made specifying the need for washing the substance from the skin (either immediately or at the end of the work shift). Remove: No recommendation is made specifying the need for removing clothing that becomes wet or contaminated. Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. (NIOSH, 2016)|(See protection codes)

Toxicity

ACGIH:TLV-TWA 10 mg/m3OSHA:PEL-TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust),5 mg/m3 (respirable fraction)NIOSH:REL-TWA 10 mg/m3 (total dust),5 mg/m3 (respirable fraction)

Drug Information

Cellulose is inert and is classified as a nuisance dust.It has little, if any, adverse effect on the lung, and there are no reports of organic disease or toxic effect. The health effects attributed to wood, cotton, flax, jute, and hemp are not attributable to their cellulose content but rather to the presence of other substances.Cellulose fibers were found in the blood and urine of human volunteers fed dyed cellulose; there were no ill effects.

Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. Other measures are usually unnecessary. (NIOSH, 2016)|(See procedures)

4 O beta D Glucopyranosyl D glucopyranose

inhalation, skin and/or eye contact

irritation eyes, skin, mucous membrane

Eyes, skin, respiratory system

Microcrystalline cellulose Use and Manufacturing

Uses

1. High purity cellulose powders for partition chromatography.
2. ACCEL-101 is most widely used for direct compression tableting and wet granulation.ACCEL-102 has similar compression properties to ACCEL-101. However, it has larger particle size and therefore, may be of value in improving the flow if fine powders.ACCEL


Adhesives and sealant chemicals


High purity cellulose powders for partition chromatography.


cellulose is a thickener and an emulsifier. It is obtained from plants. cellulose (microcrystalline) is used as an emulsifier in cosmetic creams. It is the chief constituent of plant fiber.


Wood contains 50–70% cellulose; cotton and other textile fibers of plant origin contain 65–95%; rayon is prepared by dissolving natural cellulose and then precipitating it from solution, with some loss of crystallinity. Cellulose is made into cellophane film and is used to form fibers, resins, coatings and gums.

Production

Microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethylcellulose sodium is a spray- or bulk-dried blend of microcrystalline cellulose and sodium carboxymethylcellulose. It is prepared by the chemical depolymerization of highly purified wood pulp. The original crystalline areas of the pulp fibers are combined with sodium carboxymethylcellulose, which serves as a protective colloid and also facilitates dispersion of the product; it is then either spray- or bulk-dried.


Microcrystalline cellulose is manufactured by controlled hydrolysis with dilute mineral acid solutions of α-cellulose, obtained as a pulp from fibrous plant materials. Following hydrolysis, the hydrocellulose is purified by filtration and the aqueous slurry is spraydried to form dry, porous particles of a broad size distribution.

.alpha.-D-Glucopyranose, 4-O-.beta.-D-galactopyranosyl-: ACTIVE|D-Glucose, 4-O-.beta.-D-glucopyranosyl-: ACTIVE|.beta.-D-Glucopyranose, 4-O-.beta.-D-galactopyranosyl-: ACTIVE|D-Glucose, 4-O-.beta.-D-galactopyranosyl-: ACTIVE|Primary metal manufacturing|D-Glucose, 4-O-.alpha.-D-glucopyranosyl-: ACTIVE|Cellulose: ACTIVE|XU - indicates a substance exempt from reporting under the Chemical Data Reporting Rule, (40 CFR 711).

EPA Safer Chemical Functional Use Classes -> Processing Aids and Additives|Safer Chemical Classes -> Green circle - The chemical has been verified to be of low concern|Cosmetics -> Absorbent; Bulking; Masking; Moisturising; Opacifying; Skin conditioning; Viscosity controlling

Food Additives -> ANTICAKING_AGENT; EMULSIFIER; STABILIZER;|Food Additives -> ANTICAKING_AGENT; EMULSIFIER; TEXTURIZER; THICKENER;

Computed Properties

Molecular Weight:342.30
XLogP3:-4.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:8
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:11
Rotatable Bond Count:4
Exact Mass:342.11621151
Monoisotopic Mass:342.11621151
Topological Polar Surface Area:190
Heavy Atom Count:23
Complexity:382
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count:10
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes

Drug Function and Efficacy

The specific pharmacological effect is not clear from the above information

This ingredient has been used in drugs with the following functions (note: it does not mean that the ingredient itself has the following health functions)

Related Drugs

Registered Holders

  • Luogaite Health Pharmaceuticals (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.

    China China
    Active
  • Ruisheng Pharmaceutical (Henan) Co., Ltd.

    China China
    Active
  • ZHUHAI TOPCHAIN PHARMACEUTICAL CO LTD

    United States United States
    Active

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