Tetraethoxysilane

208.32700

208.33

201-083-8

42064KRE49

0333

4790

1292

DTXSID6026450

Colorless liquid|Water-white

2920909090

36.92000

1.56800

clear colorless liquid with a faint odor

0.933 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

-82.5 °C

168.8 °C @ Press: 760 Torr

45ºC

n20/D 1.382(lit.)

Hydrolysis

Flammables area

<1 mm Hg ( 20 °C)

7.2 (vs air)

LD50 orally in Rabbit: 6270 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit 5860 mg/kg

Class IC Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. at or above 73°F and below 100°F.

Explosive limits , vol% in air: 1.3-23

SHARP, ESTER-LIKE ODOR|Faint odor|Sharp alcohol-like odor

Henry's Law constant = 2.0X10-5 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C (est)

HYDROLYZED TO AN ADHESIVE FORM OF SILICA; WT/GAL 7.8 LB @ 20 °C|Slowly decomposed by water|Without special precautions, tetraethoxysilane hydrolyzes to a gel in about 10 days|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 2.5X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C (est)

Flammable. Practically insoluble in water. Reacts slowly with water to form silica and ethyl alcohol [Merck].

Siloxanes

Highly Flammable

ETHYL SILICATE reacts exothermically with acids Strong oxidizing acids may cause a reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. May generate with caustic solutions. May generate flammable hydrogen with alkali metals and hydrides.

-12,000 BTU/LB = -6,700 CAL/G = -280X10+5 J/KG (EST)

9.77 eV

Lower flammable limit: 1.3% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 23% by volume|Class IC Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. at or above 73°F and below 100°F.

III

3

UN 1292 3/PG 3

1

R10; R20; R36/37

16-36/37/39

VV9450000

Xn

Fireproof. Separated from acids and oxidants. Cool. Dry. Keep in a well-ventilated room.

Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, water, alkalies, mineral acids.

P210-P261-P280-P304 + P340 + P312-P337 + P313-P403 + P235

H226-H319-H332-H335

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|Incineration in admixture with a more flammable solvent. /SRP: Process eqipped with afterburner and effluent gas scrubber./

Strong oxidizers, water [Note: Reacts with water to form a silicone adhesive (a milky-white mass)].|Causes swelling and hardening of some plastics.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. (ERG, 2016)|Flammable. Above 37 °C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed.|Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 1st degree

|Warning|H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P337+P313, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|H226 (100%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P280, P303+P361+P353, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 69 companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.|Aggregated GHS information provided by 1076 companies from 32 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|Danger|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P312, P314, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2016)

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard(i.e. for liquids with flash point Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. (NIOSH, 2016)|Rubber or polyethylene gloves; safety glasses or other form of eye protection; self-contained breathing apparatus or one that absorbs organic vapors.|Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.|Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.|Respirator Recommendations: Up to 100 ppm: [Table#1526]|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for Ethyl silicate (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.|(See protection codes)

Flammable liquid when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials.

Explosive limits: LEL = 1.3% by volume; UEL = 23% by volume|High temperatures may cause containers to explode.|Above 37 °C explosive vapor/air mixtures may be formed.|Explosive limits , vol% in air: 1.3-23

Water, foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide|This chemical is a flammable liquid. Poisonous gases including carbon monoxide and silicon oxide are produced in fire. Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or foam extinguishers. Vapors are heavier than air and will collect in low areas. Vapors may travel long distances to ignition sources and flashback. Vapors in confined areas may explode when exposed to fire. Containers may explode in fire. Storage containers and parts of containers may rocket great distances, in many directions. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies. From a secure, explosion-proof location, use water spray to cool exposed containers. If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position ...

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.|Remove all ignition sources. Ventilate area of spill or leak. For small quantities, absorb on paper towels. Evaporate in safe place (such as a fume hood). Allow sufficient time for evaporating vapors to completely clear hood ductwork. Burn paper in suitable location away from combustible materials ... Ethyl silicate should not be allowed to enter a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion. Sewers designed to preclude formation of explosive concn of ethyl silicate vapors are permitted.|Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent and remove to safe place. Note: Reacts with water to form an adhesive mass.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.|SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants.|Precautions should be taken in industrial handling to avoid repeated or prolonged contact with higher concn of the vapor and to avoid contact of the vapor or liquid with the eyes.|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for Ethyl silicate (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.|/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.|/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.|/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for Ethyl silicate (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

... 3000 ppm is intolerable to human beings; 250 ppm is irritating to eyes and nose ...|Inhalation of vapor causes eye and nose irritation ... Contact with liquid irritates eyes ... .

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 100 ppm (850 mg/cu m).|Vacated 1989 OSHA PEL TWA 10 ppm (85 mg/cu m) is still enforced in some states.

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 10 ppm (85 mg/cu m).

Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Remove all ignition sources. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Note: Reacts with water to form an adhesive mass.

Fireproof. Separated from acids and oxidants. Cool. Dry. Keep in a well-ventilated room.

A harmful contamination of the air will be reached rather slowly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Exposure could cause lowering of consciousness.

The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking. The substance may have effects on the kidneys.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Above 37 °C use a closed system, ventilation and explosion-proof electrical equipment.

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety spectacles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

| 2 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury.| 3 - Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Materials produce hazardous atmospheres with air under almost all ambient temperatures or, though unaffected by ambient temperatures, are readily ignited under almost all conditions.| 1 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable but that can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures.

Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of excess dietary calcium carbonate, phosphorus and urine acidifying and alkalizing salts on silica urolith formation in a model using rats fed dextrose-based diets containing 2% tetraethylorthosilicate (TES). Diets containing 2% TES lowered wt gains to 91-95% of gains made by rats fed non-TES diets. Urine silica concn of rats fed TES were generally in the range of 50-60 mg/dL. In expt 1, rats fed TES with no additional dietary calcium carbonate had a silica urolith incidence of 35%. With additions of 1 and 2% calcium carbonate to the basal-TES diet, respective urolith incidences were 45 and 60% (r = 0.99, P < 0.02). In expt 2, monobasic sodium phosphate (MP) providing 0.2% additional phosphorus resulted in a mean urine pH of 6.42 and no uroliths. Dibasic sodium phosphate (DP) without and with 0.5% sodium bicarbonate (SB) resulted in respective urine pH values of 6.78 and 7.14 and urolith incidences of 15 and 20% (MP less than DP and DP + SB, P < 0.05). However, the uroliths were small averaging less than 1 mg. In expt 3, substitution of autoclaved egg albumin for casein, the protein source in expt 1 and 2, resulted in urine pH of 7.45 and a silica urolith incidence of 46%. An equal-molar mixture of MP and DP providing an added 0.2% phosphorus resulted in a urine pH of 7.07 and reduced the urolith incidence to 4%, and 0.75% of dietary ammonium chloride either with or without the added 0.2% phosphorus gave urine acidification and complete protection from uroliths ...|Rats fed a dextrose-casein type of diet adequate for normal growth and containing 2% of tetraethylorthosilicate were used to study the effect of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate drinking waters & dietary additions of chloride, sulfate & phosphate on formation of silica urinary calculi. 50% of rats fed the basal-tetraethylorthosilicate diet (2%) developed silica urinary calculi. Addition of 0.2 eq/kg diet of chloride, sulfate or phosphate as sodium salts (phosphate was an equal molar mixture of mono- and dibasic sodium phosphates) resulted in a reduction in silica urinary calculi (P <0.05) by dietary chloride (15% incidence) and phosphate (5% incidence) but not by sulfate (35% incidence).

LD50 Rat oral 6270 mg/kg|LD50 Rabbit skin 5878 mg/kg

In persons with impaired pulmonary function, especially those with obstructive airway diseases, the breathing of ethyl silicate might cause exacerbation of symptoms due to its irritant properties. ... Persons with pre-existing blood disorders may be more susceptible to the effects of this agent. ... Persons with pre-existing skin disorders may be more susceptible to the effects of this agent.

Tetraethyl silicate's production and use as a chemical sol-gel(1,2), and in casting(3) and glass frosting(1) processes may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that tetraethyl silicate is expected have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of tetraethyl silicate from moist soil surfaces may be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.0X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Tetraethyl silicate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.88 mm Hg at 25 °C(4). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2009). Without special precautions, tetraethoxysilane hydrolyzes to a gel in about 10 days(5).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that tetraethyl silicate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces may occur(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.0X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2.9 and 25 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 0.04(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2009). Without special precautions, tetraethoxysilane hydrolyzes to a gel in about 10 days(8).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), tetraethyl silicate, which has a vapor pressure of 1.88 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase tetraethyl silicate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 16 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.5X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Tetraethyl silicate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of tetraethyl silicate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.5X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 16 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Tetraethyl silicate is expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment similar to most alkoxysilanes(2). Tetraethyl silicate is reported to hydrolyze in aqueous conditions(3). Tetraethyl silicate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for ethyl silicate(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 0.04(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of tetraethyl silicate can be estimated to be 1(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that tetraethyl silicate is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for tetraethyl silicate is estimated as 2.0X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that tetraethyl silicate may volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 2.9 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 25 days(SRC). Henry's Law constant of tetraethyl silicate indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Tetraethyl silicate may volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.88 mm Hg(3).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 10,422 workers (2,566 of these were female) were potentially exposed to tetraethyl silicate in the US(1). Occupational exposure to tetraethyl silicate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where it is produced or used. It is unlikely that the general population would be exposed to tetraethyl silicate as it is primarily used in weatherproofing mortar and cements or in a manufacturing or research setting, and it hydrolyzes upon contact with water(SRC).

Acute stomach, kidney, and bladder toxicity was evaluated in F344 rats after gastric gavage of tetraethylorthosilicate at daily doses of 0, 0.111, 0.223, and 0.333 g. Five rats of each sex at each dose were sacrificed after 1, 2, and 4 days. In tetraethylorthosilicate treated groups, silicate accumulated in the stomach glands and the muscle layer of the forestomach and glandular stomach.

... Readily undergoes hydrolysis, with formation of ethyl alcohol and hydroxy esters, progressing until the end products are silicic acid or hydrated silicic acid.

Inhalation of vapor causes eye and nose irritation, unsteadiness, tremors, salivation, respiratory difficulty, and unconsciousness. Contact with liquid irritates eyes and may cause dryness, cracking, and inflammation of skin. Ingestion may produce nausea, vomiting, and cramps. (USCG, 1999)

Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, promptly wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing promptly remove the clothing and wash the skin with soap and water. Get medical attention promptly. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2016)|(See procedures)

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Silane, Chlorosilane, and Related Compounds/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal (refer to ingestion protocol in Section Three ... . Cover skin burns with sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Silane, Chlorosilane, and Related Compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Early intubation at the first sign of upper airway obstruction may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Silane, Chlorosilane, and related compounds/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ... Human experiments found: 3000 ppm is extremely irritating to the eyes and nose; 1200 ppm stings eyes and nose and produces tears; 700 ppm mildly stings eyes and nose; 250 ppm makes the eyes and nose tingle slightly; 85 ppm can be detected only by odor. It appeared that 700 ppm would be intolerable to human beings for more than half an hour.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Skin or eye contact can cause severe irritation or burns. The vapor can irritate the nose, eyes, throat, and bronchial tubes, causing cough and difficulty breathing. Higher exposures can cause pulmonary edema, a medical emergency that can be delayed for several hours. This can cause death. Repeated skin contact can cause dryness and cracking.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Orally, the ethyl silicate is moderately toxic, but may be /CNS depressant/ in high concentrations.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Potential symptoms of overexposure are irritation of eyes and nose.|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Ethyl silicate (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

tetraethoxysilane

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour and by ingestion.|inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

irritation eyes, nose; In Animals: lacrimation (discharge of tears); dyspnea (breathing difficulty), pulmonary edema; tremor, narcosis; liver, kidney damage; anemia

Cough. Dizziness. Headache. Sore throat.

Dry skin. Redness.

Redness. Pain.

Eyes, respiratory system, liver, kidneys, blood, skin

/Ethyl silicate/... is marketed in 2 grades, a 29% and 40% silicon dioxide, and in a "condensed" form consisting of 85% ethyl silicate and 15% polyethoxysiloxanes.|Extrema - 99.9999% grade /available/|Pure ethyl silicate >98%. A partially hydrolyzed or polymeric version with a substantial portion having an average of 4-5 silicon atoms and 40 wt% silicon dioxide content is called ethyl silicate 40.|Dynasil A

All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing|Silicic acid (H4SiO4), tetraethyl ester: ACTIVE

ANALYTE: ETHYL SILICATE. MATRIX: AIR. PROCEDURE: ADSORPTION ON XAD-2 RESIN, DESORPTION WITH CARBON DISULFIDE, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY. RANGE: 377-1620 MG/CU M.

Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 1st degree