Oxybutynin

357.49

357.49

202-516-5

DTXSID0023406

G04BD04|G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones

2922509090

49.8

4.2

Solid

1.1±0.1 g/cm3

129 - 130 °C

494.4°C at 760 mmHg

252.8±28.7 °C

1.546

1.00e-02 g/L

8.04None

8.04

P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P312, P322, P330, P363, P501

H302

|Warning|H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P312, P322, P330, P363, and P501|The GHS information provided by 1 company from 1 notification to the ECHA C&L Inventory.

The acute oral LD50 in rats is 460 mg/kg. **Overdose information** An overdose with oxybutynin may manifest clinically as CNS overactivity, fever, palpitations, cardiac arrhythmias, urinary retention, respiratory failure, paralysis, in addition to coma. Provide supportive care immediately. Activated charcoal in addition to a cathartic agent should be administered. There have been 2 reports of an overdose with a 100 mg dose of oxybutynin. One case was a 13-year-old boy and another was a 34-year-old woman. Alcohol was also ingested simultaneously in both cases. The patients received supportive treatment and fully recovered.

Like other anticholinergic agents, oxybutynin has not been linked to episodes of liver enzyme elevations or clinically apparent liver injury. A major reason for its safety may relate to the low daily dose. It is metabolized in the liver via the CYP 3A4 enzyme system and can cause significant drug-drug interactions.

Oxybutynin enantiomers are more than 97% bound to plasma proteins, primarily to alpha-1 acid glycoprotein.

Oxybutynin is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of overactive bladder, which causes urge urinary incontinence and frequency, and urgency. Oxybutynin may also be used for children aged 6 and above for the symptomatic management of detrusor muscle overactivity which has been found to be related to a neurological condition. Spina bifida is an example of a neurological condition in which oxybutynin may be used to control urinary symptoms. On occasion, oxybutynin may be used off-label to relieve bladder spasms associated with ureteral stents or urinary catheters.|Symptomatic treatment of urge incontinence and/or increased urinary frequency and urgency as may occur in adult patients with unstable bladder.

Oxybutynin is a synthetic anticholinergic agent that is used for treatment of urinary incontinence and overactive bladder syndrome. Oxybutynin has not been implicated in causing liver enzyme elevations or clinically apparent acute liver injury.

Anticholinergic Agents

Parasympatholytics; Cholinegeric Antagonists|OXYBUTYNIN IS AN ANTISPASMODIC USED IN TREATMENT OF UNINHIBITED OR REFLEX-TYPE NEUROGENIC BLADDER. ON BASIS OF ANIMAL PHARMACOLOGIC STUDIES, IT IS THOUGHT TO HAVE BOTH ANTICHOLINERGIC AND MUSCULOTROPIC PROPERTIES. /CHLORIDE/|...OXYBUTYNIN IMPROVED SYMPTOMS OF NEUROGENIC BLADDER SUCH AS URINARY URGENCY, URGE INCONTINENCE, NOCTURIA, & PAIN. ...IN CHILDREN WITH ENURESIS, THERE WAS REDN IN INCIDENCE OF BEDWETTING, URINARY FREQUENCY, & DAYTIME ACCIDENTS. ... ITS EFFECTIVENESS IS COMPARABLE TO THAT OF OTHER ANTISPASMODIC AGENTS... /CHLORIDE/

Oxybutynin exerts antispasmodic actions on the bladder, relieving the uncomfortable symptoms of overactive bladder, including urinary urgency and frequency. These actions occur through the inhibition of muscarinic receptors. **A note on angioedema and anticholinergic effects** Symptoms of angioedema may occur with oxybutynin therapy. If angioedema is suspected, discontinue oxybutynin immediately and provide appropriate medical treatment. In addition, anticholinergic effects may occur with the administration of this drug. Some symptoms may include hallucinations, confusion, agitation, and drowsiness. It is advisable to avoid operating heavy machinery before the response to oxybutynin has been monitored. Dose adjustments may be required.

Drugs that bind to but do not activate MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS, thereby blocking the actions of endogenous ACETYLCHOLINE or exogenous agonists. Muscarinic antagonists have widespread effects including actions on the iris and ciliary muscle of the eye, the heart and blood vessels, secretions of the respiratory tract, GI system, and salivary glands, GI motility, urinary bladder tone, and the central nervous system. (See all compounds classified as Muscarinic Antagonists.)|Agents that inhibit the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system. The major group of drugs used therapeutically for this purpose is the MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS. (See all compounds classified as Parasympatholytics.)|Drugs used in the treatment of urogenital conditions and diseases such as URINARY INCONTINENCE; PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA; and ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION. (See all compounds classified as Urological Agents.)

Oxybutynin should be swallowed whole with the help of liquids. A pharmacokinetic study revealed that oxybutynin was rapidly absorbed, and peak concentrations were reached within about 1 hour of administration, measured at 8.2 ngml-1 and AUC was 16 ngml-1. The biovailability of oxybutynin is about 6%, and the plasma concentration of the active metabolite, desethyloxybutynin is 5 to 12 times greater than that of oxybutynin. Bioavailability is increased in the elderly. Food has been shown to increase the exposure to controlled-release oxybutynin.|Oxybutynin is heavily cleared by the liver. Under 0.1% of an administered dose is found as unchanged drug in the urine. Less than 0.1% of a single dose of oxybutynin is excreted as desethyloxybutynin.|Oxybutynin has a wide volume of distribution of 193 L. In rats, oxybutynin penetrates the central nervous system.

Oxybutynin is heavily metabolized by the CYP3A4 enzyme system in both the liver and the wall of the intestine. It undergoes first-pass metabolism, and its resulting primary active metabolite, N-desethyloxybutynin circulates. It is active at the muscarinic receptors in both the bladder and the salivary gland. Hepatic biotransformation also produces its major inactive metabolite, phenylcyclohexylglycolic acid.

The plasma elimination half-life is about 2 hours. In the elderly, the elimination half-life is prolonged up to 5 hours.

Oxybutynin acts to relax the bladder by inhibiting the muscarinic action of acetylcholine on smooth muscle, and not skeletal muscle. The active of oxybutynin is metabolite is N-desethyloxybutynin. It competitively inhibits the postganglionic type 1, 2 and 3 muscarinic receptors. The above actions lead to increased urine capacity in the bladder, decreasing urinary urgency and frequency. In addition, oxybutynin delays the initial desire to void.|RESULTS OF CYSTOMETRIC STUDIES SHOWED THAT THE DRUG INCR BLADDER CAPACITY @ ONSET OF FIRST CONTRACTION & FIRST DESIRE TO VOID, AS WELL AS @ END OF CYSTOMETRY. /CHLORIDE/

ADVERSE REACTIONS REFLECT THIS AGENT'S ANTICHOLINERGIC ACTIVITY. DRYNESS OF MOUTH IS MOST COMMON; NAUSEA, BLURRED VISION, FLUSHING, & TACHYCARDIA ALSO HAVE BEEN REPORTED. /CHLORIDE/

4-(diethylamino)-2-butynyl-alpha-cyclohexyl-alpha-hydroxybenzeneacetate

OXYBUTYNIN CHLORIDE; ALPHA-CYCLOHEXYL-ALPHA-HYDROXYBENZENEACETIC ACID 4-(DIETHYLAMINO)-2-BUTYNYL ESTER HYDROCHLORIDE; ALPHA-PHENYLCYCLOHEXANEGLYCOLIC ACID 4-(DIETHYLAMINO)-2-BUTYNYL ESTER HYDROCHLORIDE; 4-DIETHYLAMINO-2-BUTYNYL PHENYLCYCLOHEXYLGLYCOLATE HYDROCHLORIDE; OXIBUTININA HYDROCHLORIDE.../CHLORIDE/|DITROPAN, TROPAX. /CHLORIDE/

Human drugs -> Kentera (previously Oxybutynin Nicobrand) -> EMA Drug Category|Urologicals -> Human pharmacotherapeutic group|Human Drugs -> FDA Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations (Orange Book) -> Active Ingredients