Hexamethylphosphoramide

179.2

179.20

211-653-8

M42TU5843Z

0162

113131|7967

2810|3082

DTXSID6020694

C44390

COLORLESS, MOBILE LIQUID|Clear, colorless liquid [Note: A solid below 43 degrees F].

29299090

26.8

0.77930

Hexamethylphosphoramide is a clear colorless to light amber liquid with a spicy odor. (NTP, 1992)

1.03 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

5-7 °C

233 °C @ Press: 760 Torr

222 °F

n20/D 1.459(lit.)

Miscible

Storage site should be as close as practical to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for expt need to be carried. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties ) that bears appropriate label. An inventory should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date it was acquired Facilities for dispensing should be contiguous to storage area.

0.07 mm Hg ( 25 °C)

6.18 (vs air)

LD50 in male, female rats (mg/kg): 2650, 3360 orally (Gaines)

Class IIIB Combustible Liquid: Fl.P. at or above 200°F.

AROMATIC ODOR

DOES NOT HYDROLYZE IN ALKALINE MEDIA BUT HYDROLYZES SLOWLY IN ACIDS

Water soluble.

Esters, Sulfate Esters, Phosphate Esters, Thiophosphate Esters, and Borate Esters

HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDE may react with strong oxidizing agents and strong acids (NTP, 1992). Susceptible to formation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides.

Class IIIB Combustible Liquid: Fl.P. at or above 200°F.

III

6.1(b)

2810

3

45-46

53-45-99

TD0875000

T

Ventilation along the floor. Separated from acids and oxidants.

Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizing agents.

P201-P308 + P313

H340-H350

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction ... published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste. ... Summary of avail methods & recommendations ... /given/ must be treated as guide only. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Incineration may be only feasible method for disposal of contaminated laboratory waste from biological expt. However, not all incinerators are suitable for this purpose. The most efficient type ... is probably the gas-fired type, in which a first-stage combustion with a less than stoichiometric air:fuel ratio is followed by a second stage with excess air. Some ... are designed to accept ... aqueous & organic-solvent solutions, otherwise it is necessary ... to absorb soln onto suitable combustible material, such as sawdust. Alternatively, chem destruction may be used, esp when small quantities ... are to be destroyed in laboratory. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": HEPA (high-efficiency particulate arrestor) filters ... can be disposed of by incineration. For spent charcoal filters, the adsorbed material can be stripped off at high temp & carcinogenic wastes generated by this treatment conducted to & burned in an incinerator. ... LIQUID WASTE: ... Disposal should be carried out by incineration at temp that ... ensure complete combustion. SOLID WASTE: Carcasses of lab animals, cage litter & misc solid wastes ... should be disposed of by incineration at temp high enough to ensure destruction of chem carcinogens or their metabolites. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Small quantities of ... some carcinogens can be destroyed using chem reactions ... but no general rules can be given. ... As a general technique ... treatment with sodium dichromate in strong sulfuric acid can be used. The time necessary for destruction ... is seldom known ... but 1-2 days is generally considered sufficient when freshly prepd reagent is used. ... Carcinogens that are easily oxidizable can be destroyed with milder oxidative agents, such as saturated soln of potassium permanganate in acetone, which appears to be a suitable agent for destruction of hydrazines or of compounds containing isolated carbon-carbon double bonds. Concn or 50% aqueous sodium hypochlorite can also be used as an oxidizing agent. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Carcinogens that are alkylating, arylating or acylating agents per se can be destroyed by reaction with appropriate nucleophiles, such as water, hydroxyl ions, ammonia, thiols & thiosulfate. The reactivity of various alkylating agents varies greatly ... & is also influenced by sol of agent in the reaction medium. To facilitate the complete reaction, it is suggested that the agents be dissolved in ethanol or similar solvents. ... No method should be applied ... until it has been thoroughly tested for its effectiveness & safety on material to be inactivated. For example, in case of destruction of alkylating agents, it is possible to detect residual compounds by reaction with 4(4-nitrobenzyl)-pyridine. /Chemical Carcinogens/

Oxidizers, strong acids, chemically active metals (e.g., potassium, sodium, magnesium, zinc).

LLOYD JW; J AM IND HYG ASSOC 36 (12): 917-19 (1975). A REVIEW OF TOXICITY, CARCINOGENICITY, & DISTRIBUTORS OF HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORIC TRIAMIDE IS PRESENTED.|National Toxicology Program. Eleventh Report on Carcinogens (2005). The Report on Carcinogens is an informational scientific and public health document that identifies and discusses substances (including agents, mixtures, or exposure circumstances) that may pose a carcinogenic hazard to human health. Hexamethylphosphoramide (680-31-9) is listed as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.[Available from, as of July 31, 2009: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/eleventh/profiles/s095hexa.pdf]

This chemical is combustible. (NTP, 1992)|Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

|Danger|H340: May cause genetic defects [Danger Germ cell mutagenicity]|P201, P202, P281, P308+P313, P405, and P501|H340 (100%): May cause genetic defects [Danger Germ cell mutagenicity]|Aggregated GHS information provided by 53 companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H303: May be harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P280, P281, P302+P352, P308+P313, P309+P311, P312, P314, P321, P332+P313, P362, P405, and P501

Fires involving this compound should be controlled using a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)|Use water spray, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION. Then, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Seal the absorbent paper, as well as any of your clothing which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash any surfaces you may have contaminated with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this chemical under refrigerated temperatures, and keep it away from oxidizing materials. STORE AWAY FROM SOURCES OF IGNITION. (NTP, 1992)

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced. Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. Provide: Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection. Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.] (NIOSH, 2016)|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Dispensers of liq detergent /should be available./ ... Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. ... In animal laboratory, personnel should ... wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece & close-fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. ... Gowns ... /should be/ of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they are not to be worn outside the laboratory. /Chemical Carcinogens/|Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.|Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.|Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection.|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.|(See protection codes)

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms ... Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially. Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal ... The plastic bag should be sealed immediately ... The sealed bag should be labelled properly ... Waste liquids ... should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal. The lid should be secured & the bottles properly labelled. Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bag, so that outer surface ... is not contaminated ... The plastic bag should also be sealed & labelled. ... Broken glassware ... should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Smoking, drinking, eating, storage of food or of food & beverage containers or utensils, & the application of cosmetics should be prohibited in any laboratory. All personnel should remove gloves, if worn, after completion of procedures in which carcinogens have been used. They should ... wash ... hands, preferably using dispensers of liq detergent, & rinse ... thoroughly. Consideration should be given to appropriate methods for cleaning the skin, depending on nature of the contaminant. No standard procedure can be recommended, but the use of organic solvents should be avoided. Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": In animal laboratory, personnel should remove their outdoor clothes & wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece & close-fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... clothing should be changed daily but ... discarded immediately if obvious contamination occurs ... /also,/ workers should shower immediately. In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. If gowns are of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they should not be worn outside of lab. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Operations connected with synth & purification ... should be carried out under well-ventilated hood. Analytical procedures ... should be carried out with care & vapors evolved during ... procedures should be removed. ... Expert advice should be obtained before existing fume cupboards are used ... & when new fume cupboards are installed. It is desirable that there be means for decreasing the rate of air extraction, so that carcinogenic powders can be handled without ... powder being blown around the hood. Glove boxes should be kept under negative air pressure. Air changes should be adequate, so that concn of vapors of volatile carcinogens will not occur. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Vertical laminar-flow biological safety cabinets may be used for containment of in vitro procedures ... provided that the exhaust air flow is sufficient to provide an inward air flow at the face opening of the cabinet, & contaminated air plenums that are under positive pressure are leak-tight. Horizontal laminar-flow hoods or safety cabinets, where filtered air is blown across the working area towards the operator, should never be used ... Each cabinet or fume cupboard to be used ... should be tested before work is begun (eg, with fume bomb) & label fixed to it, giving date of test & avg air-flow measured. This test should be repeated periodically & after any structural changes. /Chemical Carcinogens/|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

NIOSH usually recommends that occupational exposures to carcinogens be limited to the lowest feasible concn.|NIOSH considers hexamethyl phosphoramide to be a potential occupational carcinogen.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Ventilation along the floor. Separated from acids and oxidants.

No indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached on evaporation at 20 °C.

Exposure to high concentrations could cause effects on the nervous system, kidneys and respiratory tract.

The substance may have effects on the respiratory tract, kidneys and testes. This substance is possibly carcinogenic to humans. May cause genetic damage in humans.

NO open flames.

AVOID ALL CONTACT! IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear safety spectacles or face shield.

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Hexamethylphosphoramine is included on this list.

Hexamethylphosphoramide is no longer used in large quantities in the United States. No information is available on the acute (short-term), chronic (long-term), reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of hexamethylphosphoramide in humans. Acute animal studies have reported effects on the kidneys and lungs from oral exposure to hexamethylphosphoramide, while chronic oral studies in animals have reported an increased incidence of lung disease. An increased incidence of nasal tumors from inhalation exposure to hexamethylphosphoramide was reported in rats. EPA has not classified hexamethylphosphoramide for carcinogenicity; however, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified it as a Group 2B, possible human carcinogen.

A series of six alkyl-substituted dioxolanes were studied for their inhibitory effects on mono-oxygenase activities in vitro with nasal and hepatic microsomes from rats and rabbits. Carbon monoxide binding and hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) N-demethyase activity were most susceptible to inhibition by the test compounds. Inhibition of HMPA N-demethylase activity in both nasal and liver microsomes increased with lipophilicity of the inhibiting compound. In olfactory mucosa, the bulk of the substiturent at the 4-position also seemed to have an effect on inhibition. Mono-oxygenase activity in the nasal mucosa was inhibited more readily than that in the liver.|Eighteen methylenedioxyphenyl compounds, including some commonly inhaled by people, were tested for the ability to inhibit rabbit nasal microsomal cytochrome p450 dependent hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) N-demethylase. For comparison, liver microsomes were also used. Nasal cytochrome p450 from rabbits metabolized methylenedioxyphenyl compounds to form cytochrome p450 metabolite (P-450-MI) complexes as indicated by differences spectra in the Soret region. Several of the methylenedioxyphenyl compounds were potent inhibitors of nasal p450 dependent -N-demethylase. If inhibition of nasal p450 also occurs in vivo after inhibiting MDP compounds are inhaled, the metabolism of concurrently or subsequently inhaled comppounds may be altered.

Since hexamethylphosphoramide is used as a UV inhibitor in polyvinyl chloride, in promoting stereo specific reactions and as a specialty solvent(1), it may be released to the environment in waste streams generated at sites of its commercial production and use(1,SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on an estimated Koc of 34(1,2,SRC), hexamethylphosphoramide is expected to be very highly mobile in soil and may leach(3). Based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2X10-8 atm cu-m/mole at 25 °C(1,2,4,SRC), volatilization from moist soils is not expected to be an important fate process for hexamethylphosphoramide. (SRC)|AQUATIC FATE: Volatilization (based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2X10-8 atm cu-m/mole at 25 °C(1,2,4,SRC)), bioconcentration (based upon an estimated BCF of 0.96(1,2,SRC)), and adsorption to sediment (based upon an estimated Koc of 34(1,2,SRC)) are not expected to be important fate process of hexamethylphosphoramide in water(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Based upon a measured vapor pressure of 0.046 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), hexamethylphosphoramide is expected to exist almost entirely in the vapor-phase in the ambient atmosphere(1). It is expected to degrade relatively rapidly in an average ambient atmosphere (estimated half-life of about 2 hr) by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals(3). Since hexamethylphosphoramide is miscible in water(4), physical removal via wet deposition is likely to occur.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of hexamethylphosphoramide with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals can be estimated to be 1.9X10-10 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C which corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 2 hrs at an atmospheric concn of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC).

0.50|Based on a measured log Kow of 0.28(2) and a regression derived equation(1), the bioconcentration factor (BCF) can be estimated to be about 0.96(SRC). This BCF value suggests that hexamethylphosphoramide may not bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms(SRC).

Based on a measured log Kow of 0.28(2), the Koc for hexamethylphosphoramide can be estimated to be 34 using a recommended regression derived equation(1,SRC). This Koc value suggests that hexamethylphosphoramide has very high mobility in soil and may leach(3).

Hexamethylphosphoramide is miscible in water at 25 °C(3); however, based on a measured log Kow of 0.28(5), a water solubility of about 541,000 at 25 °C can be estimated from a regression derived equation(4,SRC). Based on this water solubility value and a measured vapor pressure of 0.046 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), the Henry's Law constant for hexamethylphosphoramide can be estimated to be about 2X10-8 atm cu-m/mole at 25 °C(SRC). This Henry's Law constant value suggests that hexamethylphosphoramide is less volatile than water(1).

Workers may be exposed to hexamethylphosphoramide by inhalation of vapors or dermal contact(SRC).|NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 700 workers are potentially exposed to hexamethylphosphoramide in the USA(1).

Compounds that cause reproductive sterility in organisms. They are sometimes used to control pest populations by sterilizing males within the population. (See all compounds classified as Chemosterilants.)

SEVENTY PERCENT OF (32)P-LABELED HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDE GIVEN IP WAS EXCRETED WITHIN 20 HR BY RATS & MICE AS (32)P. HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDE IS EXCRETED IN MILK OF COWS FOLLOWING ITS ORAL ADMIN.

IN RATS & MICE, HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDE UNDERGOES A SEQUENCE OF N-DEMETHYLATION REACTIONS TO YIELD PENTAMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDE, N',N',N'',N'''-TETRAMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDE & N', N'',N''-TRIMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDE. IN VITRO STUDIES WITH RAT LIVER SLICES INDICATED OXIDATIVE DEMETHYLATION, WITH SIMULTANEOUS FORMATION OF FORMALDEHYDE.|The metabolism of hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA), aminopyrine, ethoxycoumarin, ethoxyrsorufin, and pentoxyresorufin, by the monooxygenase cytochrome p450 dependent system, was studied in microsomes from nasal epithelial membranes and liver tissue of Sprague-Dawley rats. Nasal metabolism rates for the different substrates ranged from 9% of liver values for aminopyrine to 83% for ethoxycoumarin. HMPA-demethylase activity followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics in nasal mucosa microsomes but was biphasic in those from liver. SKF 525A, metyrapone, dioxolane and alpha-naphthoflavone (ANF), inhibitors of various p450 monoxygenase, were examined with regard to inhibition of nasal and liver ethoxycoumarin deethylase. In addition, activity of epoxide hydrolase, glutathione S-transferase, DT-diaphorase and UDP-glucuronyltransferase (UDP-GT) in nasal tissue homogenates were investigated. These activities were lower than those present in the liver. Various attempts to increase the activity of oxidative enzymes in nasal tissue by PB, 3-MC and ethanol failed, 3-MC and PB doubled the microsomal UDP-GT and the epoxide hydrolase activities. The results together with data from the literature sugggest that the balance between p450 isozymes and detoxifying enzymes differs in the nose compared with the liver. The activities of these enzymes in nasal tissue of different strains of rats also varies substantially with implications regarding the metabolic fate and activation of inhaled xenobiotics.|Two unique forms of cytochrome p450 (p450), designated NMa and NMb, were recently isolated in this laboratory from nasal microsomes of rabbits. In the present study, polyclonal antibodies to the pruified nasal cytochrome were prepared. Immunochemical analysis with specific rabbit anti-NMa and sheep anti-NMb antibodies indicated that p450 isozymes identical to or having a high structural homology with NMa are present in both olfactory and respiratory mucosa, as well as in liver, but NMb was detected only in the olfactory mucosa. Neither form was detected in other tissues examined, including brain, esophageal mucosa, heart, intestinal mucosa, kidney, and lung. The specific occurrence of NMb in the olfactory mucosa was further substantiated by the detection and specific inhibition by anti-NMb of the formation of unique NMb-dependent metabolites of testosterone in olfactory microsomes but not in microsomes from liver or respiratory mucosa. Similar experiments with antibody to previously purified rabbit hepatic p450 isozymes indicated that not all of the hepatic cytochromes are expressed in the nasal tissues. Thus, p450 isozymes structurally homologous to hepatic forms 2, 3a, and 4, but not 3b and 6, were found in the olfactory mucosa. On the other hand, only form 2 was detected in the respiratory mucosa. Immunoquantitation experiments revealed that NMa nd NMb are the major p450 forms in olfactory microsomes, whereas NMa and P450 form 2 (or its homolog) constitute the major portion of the respiratory nasal microsomal p450. The level of NMa in the liver is relatively low, accounting for less than 3% of total microsomal p450 in this tissue. In addition, evidence is provided that NMa is the major catalyst in the dealkylation of two nasal carcinogens, hexamethylphosphoramide and phenacetin, in both olfactory and respiratory nasal microsomes.|Possible roles of chtochrome p450 monooxygenases in nasal tissues are discussed. Nasal cytochrome p450 is known to occur in dogs, rats, monkeys mice, guinea pigs, and Syrian hamsters, and possible other species. The concentrations of cytochrome p450 in the olfactory mucosa of monkeys, dogs, and rats is much higher than in the nasal rspiratory mucosa. The substrate specificity of nasal cytochrome p450 is different from that of the liver. For example, whereas liver cytochrome p450 oxidizes benoz(a)pyrene faster than nasal cytochrome, the reverse is true for hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA). Nasal cytochrome p450 may be involved in producing toxic or carcinogenic metabolites from inhaled compounds. For exampe, HMPA may be demethylated to formaldehyde by nasal cytochrome p450. Nasal cytochrome p450 may have a role in protecting lungs, since nasal metabolism of inhaled organic vapors can reduce the concentration of the vapors reaching the lungs. Nasal cytochrome p450 may help maintain acuity of the sense of smell through removal of odorants by metabolizing them. Without this function, odorants remaining in the mucus covering of the sensory organs might produce an unacceptably high background odor, thereby decreasing acuity. In species that are highly dependent on the sense of smell, the lack of olfactory acuity could have serious debilitating effects.|Hexamethylphosphoramide has known human metabolites that include Pentamethylphosphoramide.

Exposure Routes: inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact Symptoms: Irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; dyspnea (breathing difficulty); abdominal pain; [potential occupational carcinogen] Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract (NIOSH, 2016)|Carcinogens

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. OTHER: Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring. Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)|(See procedures)

Refer for medical attention.

Wear protective gloves when administering first aid. Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

... NO SIGNIFICANT INCR IN CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS /WAS REPORTED/ WHEN CULTURED HUMAN LEUKOCYTES WERE TREATED WITH 5X10-3 MOLAR HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDE.|A POTENTIAL CARCINOGEN.

Hempa

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and through the skin.|inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; dyspnea (breathing difficulty); abdominal pain; [potential occupational carcinogen]

MAY BE ABSORBED!

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract

Phosphoric triamide, N,N,N',N',N'',N''-hexamethyl-: ACTIVE|S - indicates a substance that is identified in a final Significant New Use Rule.

THIN-LAYER & GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES HAVE BEEN USED FOR THE PURIFICATION & ANALYSIS OF HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDE. PHOSPHORAMIDE DERIV, INCL HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDE, HAVE BEEN SEPARATED BY TLC USING CHLOROFORM-METHANOL & CHLOROFORM-METHANOL-AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE SYSTEMS, WITH A SENSITIVITY OF 2 UG. THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF COVALENT NITROGEN-PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS. ... POLAROGRAPHIC METHOD FOR TESTING DEGRADATION OF HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDE DURING STORAGE /HAS BEEN DEVELOPED/.

/GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHODS/ INVOLVING A FLAME-PHOTOMETRIC DETECTION /HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED/ FOR DETERMINING 0.1 MG HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDE IN INSECT TISSUES ...

Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs)|Health Hazards -> Carcinogens