Adiponitrile

108.14

108.14

1740005

203-896-3

SYT33B891I

0211

7617

2205

DTXSID3021936|DTXSID2028482

NEEDLES FROM ETHER|Colorless liq|Water-white, oily liquid

2926909020

47.6

-0.32

Clear colorless to slightly yellow Liquid

0.9676 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

1-3 °C

295 °C @ Press: 760 Torr

163 °C

1.432

H2O: 90 g/L (20 ºC)

Store below +30°C.

0.01 mm Hg ( 40 °C)

3.7 (vs air)

Oral-rat LD50：155 mg/kg；Oral-Mouse LD50：172 mg/kg

Open flame is flammable; high thermal decomposition; acting with oxidants; burning releases toxic nitrogen oxides and cyanide fumes

7-14%(V)

Practically odorless.

Vap: 2 mm Hg @ 119 °C

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Nitriles

ADIPONITRILE is incompatible with strong oxidizers. It is also incompatible with strong acids, strong bases and strong reducing agents. (NTP, 1992).

1022 °F (USCG, 1999)|1022 °F (550 °C)|550 °C

-40.4X10+6 J/kg

LOWER 1.0% @ 200 °C|Class IIIA Combustible Liquid: Fl.P. at or above 140°F and below 200°F.

70.4X10+4 J/kg

Critical temperature: 507 °C; Critical pressure: 2.8 MPa (27.6 atm)

III

6.1

UN 2205 6.1/PG 3

1

25-36/37/38-36/38-23/25

26-36-45-39

AV2625000

T

Storehouse ventilated at low temperature and dry; stored separately from acids, oxidants, food additives

Missing Phrase - N15.00950417-P261

H301-H332

A poor candidate for incineration. /Cyanides/

Oxidizers (e,g., perchlorates, nitrates), strong acids (e.g., sulfuric acid) [Note: Decomposes above 194 degrees F, forming hydrogen cyanide].|... 18 Month old bottles of iminodipropionitrile exploded, probably owing to slow hydrolysis and release of ammonia.

Kaplita PV and Smith RP; Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 84 (3): 533-540 (1986). Pathways for the bioactivation of aliphatic nitriles to free cyanide in mice.|Homan ER; Clinical and Experimental Toxicol of Cyanides, Bristol, UK 1-21 pages (1987). Reactions, industrial processes, and materials with potential for exposure to cyanide compounds were discussed in this overview on the toxicology of cyanides.

Combustion products may contain hydrogen cyanide (hydrocyanic acid, HCN). Vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed area. When heated to decomposition, it emits highly toxic fumes. Avoid oxidizing material. Hazardous polymerization may not occur. (EPA, 1998)|Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.|Flammable - 2nd degree, Reactive - 1st degree

|Danger|H301 (100%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P312, P320, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 178 companies from 7 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H302 (44.44%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P312, P321, P322, P330, P333+P313, P361, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 9 companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P312, P314, P321, P322, P330, P337+P313, P361, P363, P405, and P501|P260, P264, P270, P271, P284, P301+P310, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P310, P312, P314, P320, P321, P330, P337+P313, P403+P233, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2016)

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced. Change: Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premise. (NIOSH, 2016)|RUBBER GLOVES & CLOTHING GIVING FULL BODY & FACE PROTECTION TO AVOID CONTACT WITH SKIN. AIR OR OXYGEN MASK.|Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.|Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.|Recommendations for respirator selection. Max concn for use: 40 ppm. Respirator Class(es): Any supplied-air respirator.|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for ADIPONITRILE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.|(See protection codes)

FLAMMABLE WHEN EXPOSED TO HEAT OR FLAME.

Explosive limits , vol% in air: 1.7-4.9

USE WATER SPRAY, DRY CHEMICAL, FOAM OR CARBON DIOXIDE. USE WATER SPRAY TO KEEP FIRE-EXPOSED CONTAINERS COOL. APPROACH FIRE FROM UPWIND TO AVOID HAZARDOUS VAPORS AND TOXIC DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS.|If material on fire or involved in fire: Use water in flooding quantities as fog. use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water form as far a distance as possible.

Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. Use water spray to cool and disperse vapors, and protect personnel. Approach release from upwind. Absorb in noncombustible material for proper disposal.

The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.|Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed oand replaced.|Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises.|SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for ADIPONITRILE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible)/ Fire or Explosion: Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form.|/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.|/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas.|/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for ADIPONITRILE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Immediately irritating to the eye. /Cyanides/|... HUMAN SKIN EXPOSURES TO ADIPONITRILE RESULT IN SKIN IRRITATION ...

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 4 ppm (18 mg/cu m).

Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Separated from strong oxidants, strong acids and food and feedstuffs. Ventilation along the floor.

A harmful contamination of the air will not or will only very slowly be reached on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is irritating to the eyes and skin. Exposure could cause convulsions, unconsciousness and death. Medical observation is indicated.

The substance may have effects on the blood and adrenals. This may result in anaemia and tissue lesions.

NO open flames.

STRICT HYGIENE! IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear face shield.

This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Adiponitrile is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart.

| 2 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury.| 2 - Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Materials would not under normal conditions form hazardous atmospheres with air, but under high ambient temperatures or under moderate heating could release vapor in sufficient quantities to produce hazardous atmospheres with air.| 1 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable but that can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures.| 3 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause serious or permanent injury.

Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Adiponitrile is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 1000 lbs.

Identified in effluent from a nylon manufacturing plant during Aug 1973(1).

highly

The toxic mechanism of nitriles (including adiponitrile) and the effect of metabolic modifiers in mice were studied in relation to their physicochemical properties. All the test nitriles liberated cyanide both in vivo and in vitro, with the exception of benzonitrile, although the extent of liberation and the effect of carbon tetrachloride pretreatment on the mortality of animals differed among nitriles. From these results, test compounds were tentatively divided into 3 groups. In group 1, acute toxicity was greatly reduced by carbon tetrachloride pretreatment, in group 2, toxicity was not significantly changed or was somewhat enhanced, and in group 3, benzonitrile only, toxicity was clearly enhanced. The amount of cyanide was higher at death in the brains of mice given group 1 compounds, the level being comparable to that found in mice killed by dosing with potassium cyanide. The relation between log (1/LD50) and log p for the compounds in group 1 fitted a parabolic plot, while that for compounds in group 2 was linear. For most nitriles, the in vitro metabolism was inhibited when the incubation mixture contained either SKF-525A, carbon monoxide, or microsomes from mice treated with carbon tetrachloride. When mice were closed with ethyl alcohol, metabolic enhancement of nitriles was seen compared with the control. However, ethyl alcohol, when added to the incubation mixture, inhibited the in vitro metabolism of nitriles.

LD50 Guinea pig sc 50 mg/kg|LD50 Rat oral 155 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse ip 40 mg/kg|LC50 Rat inhalation 1.71 mg/l/4 hr|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for ADIPONITRILE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Adiponitrile's production and use as an intermediate in the manufacture of nylon(1), organic synthesis(1), and as an extractant for aromatic hydrocarbons(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 16(SRC), determined from a log Kow of -0.32(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that adiponitrile is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of adiponitrile from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.21X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 6.79X10-4 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 8.00X10+4 mg/l(5). Adiponitrile is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). In water, adiponitrile had a 5-day theoretical BOD of 40% in a river die-away study using unacclimated Ohio River water, 0.5-10 mg/l substrate concn and sewage inocula(6); the 12-day theoretical BOD was >100%(6); negligible degradation was observed after 2 days(6). In addition, microorganisms (Aeromonas sp.) isolated from soil were able to use adiponitrile as its sole source of carbon(7). Thus, adiponitrile may be expected to biodegrade in soil systems(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 16(SRC), determined from a log Kow of -0.32(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that adiponitrile is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.21X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 6.79X10-4 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 8.00X10+4 mg/l(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Adiponitrile had a 5-day theoretical BOD of 40% in a river die-away study using unacclimated Ohio River water, 0.5-10 mg/l substrate concn and sewage inocula(8); the 12-day theoretical BOD was >100%(8); negligible degradation was observed after 2 days(8). Thus, adiponitrile is expected to biodegrade in aquatic systems(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), adiponitrile, which has a vapor pressure of 6.79X10-4 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere(SRC). Vapor-phase adiponitrile is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 23 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 7.12X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) determined using a structure estimation method(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of adiponitrile with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 7.12X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 23 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Chemical hydrolysis is expected to be slow, based on a chemical hydrolysis half-life of >150,000 yrs for acetonitrile(2). Adiponitrile is not expected to directly photolyze due to the lack of absorption in the environmental UV spectrum (>290 nm)(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for adiponitrile(SRC), using a log Kow of -0.32(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of adiponitrile is estimated as 16(SRC), using a measured log Kow of -0.32(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that adiponitrile is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for adiponitrile is estimated as 1.21X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 6.79X10-4 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 8.00X10+4 mg/l(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that adiponitrile is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from moist soil and water surfaces(3). Adiponitrile is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

DRINKING WATER: Adiponitrile was tentatively identified in drinking water collected in New Orleans, LA on Jan 14, 1976(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 478 workers (41 of these are female) are potentially exposed to adiponitrile in the US(1). Occupational exposure to adiponitrile may occur by dermal contact(2) with this compound at workplaces where adiponitrile is produced or used(SRC).

Seventy nine percent of dose /about 50 mg/kg sc admin to guinea pigs/ was eliminated as thiocyanate in urine. ... Skin penetration was suggested by incr in thiocyanate in urine ... after application to depilated skin. Greater quantities were absorbed when skin was abraded.|The concentrations of thiocyanate in the blood and urine of guinea pigs injected with adiponitrile were proportional to the doses administered. Following administration of adiponitrile, 79% was eliminated as thiocyanate in the urine of guinea pigs. Of the cyanide antidotes, thiosulfate was most effective. However, on the basis of the ratio between administered adiponitrile dose and quantity of cyanide detected, /it was/ concluded that a greater part of the dose was metabolized to cyanide.

... In guinea pigs ... it is hydrolyzed to hydrogen cyanide in the body giving rise to thiocyanate in urine.|Male ddY mice were pretreated with carbon tetrachloride or olive oil and administered adiponitrile orally in concentrations sufficient to determine its median lethal dose (LD50). Brain cyanide concentrations were determined. The distribution coefficient (P) for partitioning adiponitrile between water and n-octanol was measured. Mice were pretreated as before and dosed with adiponitrile at 3 to 5 times its LD50. Mean survival times were determined. Hepatic microsomes were obtained from mice pretreated with carbon tetrachloride or olive oil and incubated with adiponitrile. The rate of release of free cyanide was investigated. The oral LD50 for animals pretreated with olive oil was 1.592 mmol/kg. The LD50 for the carbon tetrachloride treated mice was 2.652 mmol/kg. Brain cyanide concentrations in olive oil pretreated mice ranged from 0.35 to 0.74 ug/g. Carbon tetrachloride pretreatment lengthened survival and reduced brain cyanide concentrations. Dinitriles are metabolized to cyanides in vivo and in vitro.

Impurities that may be present /such as propionitrile and bis(cyanoethyl) ether in the butadiene process and acrylonitrile in the electrolytic process/ depend on the method of manufacture and, thus, vary depending on the source.

This material is toxic by ingestion and inhalation. It produces disturbances of the respiration and circulation, irritation of the stomach and intestine, and loss of weight. It is irritating to skin and eyes. (EPA, 1998)

Warning: Effects may be delayed. Caution is advised. Vital signs should be monitored closely. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Adiponitrile Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to adiponitrile may include tightness of the chest and tachypnea (rapid respiratory rate). Tachycardia (rapid heart rate), hypotension (low blood pressure), and cyanosis (blue tint to skin and mucous membranes) may also occur. Victims may experience headache, weakness, dizziness, difficulty in standing, dilated pupils, confusion, and seizures. Vomiting has been reported. Adiponitrile may irritate or burn the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to adiponitrile may require decontamination and life support for the victims. All exposed persons should be transported to a health care facility as quickly as possible. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to adiponitrile. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims. Monitor victims for respiratory distress.Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask. Direct oral contact with adiponitrile-contaminated persons or their gastric contents can result in self-poisoning. 3. RUSH to a health care facility! 4. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to adiponitrile. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims. Monitor victims for respiratory distress.Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask. Direct oral contact with adiponitrile-contaminated persons or their gastric contents can result in self-poisoning. 3. RUSH to a health care facility! 4. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 5. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 6. Wash exposed skin areas twice with soap and water. 7. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Ingestion Exposure: 1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims. Monitor victims for respiratory distress.Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask. Direct oral contact with adiponitrile-contaminated persons or their gastric contents can result in self-poisoning. 2. RUSH to a health care facility! 3. DO NOT induce vomiting. Ipecac is not recommended for ingestion of adiponitrile. 4. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 5. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 6. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. (EPA, 1998)|(See procedures)

Fresh air, rest. Administration of oxygen may be needed. No mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Administration of oxygen may be needed. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer for medical attention.

A person who has inhaled the vapors should be moved to an uncontaminated environment, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be administered. If the victim breathes with difficulty, oxygen should be given. In case of eye contact, flush with copious water for at least 20 min and call a physician. In case of ingestion, induce vomiting and call a physician. For skin contact, wash with plenty of soap and water.|Rapid support of respiration & circulation is essential to successful treatment of cyanide intoxication. Massive cyanide overdoses have survived with only good supportive care. Immediate attention should be directed toward assisted ventilation, admin of 100% oxygen, insertion of iv lines, & institution of cardiac monitoring. Obtain an arterial blood gas immediately & correct any severe metabolic acidosis (pH below 7.15). Oxygen (100%) should be used routinely in moderate or severely symptomatic patients even in the presence of a normal pO2, since 100% O2 incr O2 delivery, may reactivate cyanide-inhibited mitochondrial enzymes, & potentiates the effect of thiosulfate. Avoid mouth to mouth resuscitation during CPR in order to prevent self poisoning. /Cyanides/|Amyl nitrite perles are designed to produce 3% to 5% methemoglobinemia while an iv line is established for iv sodium nitrite. As a temporizing measure, the patient inhales the vapors until the sodium nitrite is ready. Because of the variability in methemoglobin production & the potential for cardiovascular collapse, this step may be omitted if sodium nitrite is readily available & the patient is not in extremis. Adequate ventilation & oxygenation are more important than admin of amyl nitrite. One perle (0.2 ml) is crushed & inhaled for 30 sec every min until iv nitrite is given. Sodium nitrite (3% soln), as 10 ml of a 3% soln (eg, 300 mg), is admin iv slowly over 4 min to produce a 20% methemoglobin level in adults. Children should receive 0.33 ml of the 3% soln/kg initially at an infusion rate of 2.5 ml/min, up to a maximum of 10 ml. Administer sodium nitrite doses to children on the basis of body weight, since fatal methemoglobinemia has occurred in children. /Cyanides/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilation if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Administer amyl nitrite ampules as per protocol and physician order ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . /Cyanide and related compounds/|For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for ADIPONITRILE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

A case history of human exposure ... reported the effects of drinking "a few milliliters" of adiponitrile by an 18 yr old male. About 20 min after ingestion he experienced tightness in the chest, headache, weakness with difficulty in standing, and vertigo. He became cyanotic, respirations were rapid, & he had low blood pressure & tachycardia. The pupils were dilated & barely reacted to light. He exhibited mental confusion & tonic-clonic contractions of limbs & facial muscles.|... Human skin exposure to adiponitrile result in skin irritation and inflammation ... one case in which adiponitrile caused massive destruction of the skin on one foot.|HIGHLY TOXIC BY INGESTION, INHALATION & SKIN ABSORPTION. IT PRODUCES DISTURBANCES OF RESPIRATORY & CIRCULATORY SYSTEMS.|POISONING BY ADIPONITRILE RESEMBLES POISONING WITH HYDROCYANIC ACID ... .|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for ADIPONITRILE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

adiponitrile

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, through the skin and by ingestion.|inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; headache, dizziness, lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), confusion, convulsions; blurred vision; dyspnea (breathing difficulty); abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting

Headache. Vomiting. Dizziness. Nausea. Laboured breathing. Confusion. Convulsions.

MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness. Pain.

Redness. Blurred vision.

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system

Typical concentration is 99.5 wt% adiponitrile

All other basic organic chemical manufacturing|Hexanedinitrile, hydrogenated, high-boiling fraction: ACTIVE|Hexanedinitrile: ACTIVE

A GC method ... using a flame ionization detector and SP1000 column.

Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 2nd degree, Reactive - 1st degree