3,3′-Iminodipropionitrile

123.16

123.16

203-922-3

3XP1CVU865

7770

3334

DTXSID2041464

Colorless liquid

29269095

59.6

-1.34

3,3'-iminodipropionitrile is a clear colorless liquid. (NTP, 1992)

1.0165 g/cm³ @ Temp: 30 °C

-5.50 °C

173 °C @ Press: 10 Torr

>230 °F

n20/D 1.47(lit.)

Sol in water, ethanol, acetone, benzene

2-8°C

1 mm Hg at 284° F (NTP, 1992)

4.2 (Air= 1)

Oral-rat LD50: 2700 mg/kg;Abdominal cavity-mouse LD50: 200 mg/kg

Flammable; burning produces toxic nitrogen oxides and cyanide fumes

A storage hazard, may explode in a sealed container.

pKa= 5.26 (conjugate acid)

Moisture sensitive

Water soluble. Moisture sensitive. Some 18-month old bottles of this compound exploded, probably owing to slow hydrolysis and buildup of pressure. Solutions in water are unstable above pH 4. (NTP, 1992).

Amines, Phosphines, and Pyridines

Polymerizable

Nitriles, such as 3,3'-IMINODIPROPIONITRILE, may polymerize in the presence of metals and some metal compounds. They are incompatible with acids; mixing nitriles with strong oxidizing acids can lead to extremely violent reactions. Nitriles are generally incompatible with other oxidizing agents such as peroxides and epoxides. The combination of bases and nitriles can produce hydrogen cyanide. Nitriles are hydrolyzed in both aqueous acid and base to give carboxylic acids (or salts of carboxylic acids). These reactions generate heat. Peroxides convert nitriles to amides. Nitriles can react vigorously with reducing agents. Acetonitrile and propionitrile are soluble in water, but nitriles higher than propionitrile have low aqueous solubility. They are also insoluble in aqueous acids.

UN 3334

2

36/37/38

26

UG2975000

Xi

Storehouse ventilated at low temperature and dry; stored and transported separately from food and oxidants; pay attention to packaging tightness

Explosive when stored in a sealed container

Stable, but moisture sensitive. Reaction with moisture may lead to a build up of pressure in sealed bottles. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

P261-P305 + P351 + P338

H315-H319-H335

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

... 18 Month old bottles of iminodipropionitrile exploded, probably owing to slow hydrolysis and release of ammonia.

This chemical is combustible. (NTP, 1992)

|Warning|H315 (100%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]|P264, P273, P280, P302+P352, P321, P332+P313, P362, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 35 companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 43 companies from 3 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you should spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Seal the absorbent paper, as well as any of your clothing which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash any surfaces you may have contaminated with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this chemical under refrigerated temperatures, and protect it from moisture. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)

A storage hazard, may explode in a sealed container.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

A skin and severe eye irritant.

moderately toxic

THYROXINE HAS PROTECTIVE ACTION AGAINST BEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS OF POISONING IN RATS WHICH IS EXERTED THROUGH AN ACTIVATION OF IDPN CONVERSION INTO ITS NONTOXIC CATABOLITE CYANOACETIC ACID. DETOXICATING MECHANISM BY WHICH THYROXINE PROTECTS AGAINST SUCH SUBSTANCES MAY BE COMMON TO ALL OF THEM, ESSENTIALLY CONSISTING IN THE DEAMINATION OF THOSE AMINO GROUPS LINKED TO THE CN RADICAL, EXISTING IN CERTAIN AMINO ACIDS OR IN COMBINATION, THAT RENDER THESE SUBSTANCES TOXIC.|SC ADMIN OF 0.2 MG/G TO MALE RATS INDUCED NEUROLOGICAL SYNDROME. HIGH-PROTEIN DIETS NET PROTEINS CALORIC VALUES OF 10.1, 6.2 OR 4.6 & SC INJECTIONS OF SODIUM 6-THYROXINE 1 MUG/G DELAYED DEVELOPMENT OF SYNDROME BUT DID NOT PREVENT ITS OCCURRENCE.|ADMIN OF LARGE DOSES OF IDPN TO RATS CAUSED RETINAL ANGIOPATHY & CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISTURBANCE. ACTION OF 3 BIOFLAVONOIDS, 3',4',7-TRIHYDROXYETHYLRUTOSIDE; 3',4',5,7-TETRAHYDROXYETHYLRUTOSIDE & PAROVEN, A MIXTURE OF MONOHYDROXYETHYLRUTOSIDE, DIHYDROXYETHYLRUTOSIDE, TRIHYDROXYETHYLRUTOSIDE, & TETRAHYDROXYETHYLRUTOSIDE, ON EFFECTS OF IDPN WAS STUDIED. THE BIOFLAVONOIDS RETARDED DEVELOPMENT & AMELIORATED SEVERITY OF NEURAL & OCULAR SYMPTOMS PRODUCED BY LOW LEVELS OF IDPN, BUT THE PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES WERE NEVER COMPLETELY PREVENTED.|ADMIN OF IDPN TO RATS IN 5 DAILY SC INJECTIONS OF 30 MG, OR IN SINGLE SC INJECTION OF 100 MG/100 G, SEVERELY DAMAGED CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM & RETINAL VASCULATURE. THESE CHANGES WERE PREVENTED BY DAILY IP INJECTION 6 DAYS PRETREATMENT & 8 DAYS TREATMENT SUBSEQUENTLY OF DL-ETHIONINE 24 MG/100 G.|MALE RATS WERE INJECTED SC DAILY WITH 20 MG IDPN FOR 6 DAYS. NEUROLOGICAL SYNDROMES WERE PREVENTED BY L-THYROXINE 200 GAMMA SC. BRAIN GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID (GABA) LEVELS INCR SIGNIFICANTLY. BRAIN GLUTAMIC & ASPARTIC ACID LEVELS WERE ALSO INCR, BUT THESE INCR WERE PREVENTED BY L-THYROXINE.

LD50 Rat oral 2700 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse ip 200 mg/kg|LD50 Rabbit skin 2520 mg/kg

beta,beta'-Iminodipropionitrile's production and use in neurological research(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 4(SRC), determined from an measured log Kow of -1.34(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.0X10-12 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4). beta,beta'-Iminodipropionitrile is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 3.6X10-3 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(5). Biodegradation is not expected to be a rapid fate process based upon a theoretical BOD of 1-3% in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/l and the Japanese MITI test(2).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 4(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow of -1.34(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.0X10-12 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Biodegradation is not expected to be a rapid fate process based upon a theoretical BOD of 1-3% in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/l and the Japanese MITI test(2).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 3.6X10-3 mm Hg at 25 deg (SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 6 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.5X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) determined using a structure estimation method(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.5X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 6 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). beta,beta'-Iminodipropionitrile is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the absence of hydrolyzable functional groups(2). Direct photolysis is not expected due to the lack of absorption in the environmental UV spectrum (>290 nm).

1.20|A BCF range of 0.2-0.4 was measured using Orange-red killifish (Oryzias latipes) and a compound concn of 1 mg/l(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF range suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile is estimated as 4(SRC), using a measured log Kow of -1.34(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile is estimated as 5.0X10-12 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). beta,beta'-Iminodipropionitrile is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 3.6X10-3 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

Occupational exposure to beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile is produced or used. (SRC)

BIOTRANSFORMATION IN RATS...AFFORDS BETA-AMINOPROPIONITRILE, CYANOACETIC ACID & BETA-ALANINE. SINCE CYANOACETIC ACID IS NOT LATHYROGENIC, ITS PRODN REPRESENTS DETOXICATION... /IT IS SUGGESTED THAT BETA-ALANINE/ AROSE THROUGH HYDROLYSIS OF BETA-AMINOPROPIONITRILE.../& THAT/ THIS METAB PATHWAY ALSO REPRESENTS DETOXICATION.|IDPN IS METABOLIZED, IN PART, TO BETA-AMINOPROPIONITRILE (BAPN). MUCH OF THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISRUPTION WITH IDPN MAY THUS RESULT FROM A DEFICIT IN COLLAGEN CROSS-LINKING SECONDARY TO INHIBITION OF LYSYLOXIDASE BY BAPN.

IDPN INDUCES MUCH OF ITS NEUROFILAMENT & AXONAL PATHOLOGY BY WAY OF A SELECTIVE INHIBITION OF SLOW AXOPLASMIC TRANSPORT.|(3)H-URIDINE WAS SC INJECTED INTO MICE & AUTORADIOGRAPHS OF SPINAL GANGLIONS AT DIFFERENT INTERVALS PREPD. BY STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF GRAIN COUNTS IT WAS FOUND THAT, IN NORMAL MICE 1 HR AFTER INJECTION OF PRECURSOR, MOST OF GRAINS WERE LOCALIZED OVER NUCLEUS, 24 HR LATER THEY HAD MIGRATED INTO CYTOPLASM. WHEN MICE RENDERED HYPERACTIVE BY IDPN, THERE WAS INCR LABELLING OF NUCLEAR & CYTOPLASMIC RNA AFTER 1 HR & DECR LABELLING AFTER 24 HR. STATE OF HYPERACTIVITY IS APPARENTLY ASSOC WITH INCR SYNTH & DISAPPEARANCE OF RNA FROM NEURONAL CELL BODIES.|BIOGENIC AMINE MOST AFFECTED BY ADMIN TO RATS IN IP DAILY DOSES OF 300 MG/KG FOR 7 DAYS WAS SEROTONIN (5-HT). ON DAY 7, STRIATAL 5-HT LEVELS INCR & ITS METAB, 5-HYDROXYINDOLEACETIC ACID (5-HIAA) LEVELS DECR WHILE IN MEDULLA & MIDBRAIN, 5-HIAA LEVELS INCR. ON DAY 14, SIGNIFICANT REDUCTIONS IN BOTH 5-HT, THE MIDBRAIN, STRIATUM & CORTEX, & 5-HIAA, IN ALL REGIONS EXCEPT THE CORTEX WERE OBSERVED. NOREPINEPHRINE (NE) WAS MARKEDLY INCR IN MEDULLA, MIDBRAIN & STRIATUM ON DAY 7, WHEREAS ON DAY 14 IT WAS WITHIN NORMAL RANGE IN THESE SAME REGIONS. WITH EXCEPTION OF SLIGHT, BUT SIGNIFICANT, INCR IN CORTEX ON DAY 7, DOPAMINE LEVELS IN ALL REGIONS WERE RELATIVELY UNAFFECTED ON DAY 7 & 14.|MALE RATS WERE INJECTED SC DAILY WITH 20 MG IDPN FOR 6 DAYS. NEUROLOGICAL SYNDROMES WERE PREVENTED BY L-THYROXINE 200 GAMMA SC. BRAIN GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID (GABA) LEVELS INCR SIGNIFICANTLY. BRAIN GLUTAMIC & ASPARTIC ACID LEVELS WERE ALSO INCR, BUT THESE INCR WERE PREVENTED BY L-THYROXINE.|For more Mechanism of Action (Complete) data for BETA,BETA'-IMINODIPROPIONITRILE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include irritation. It may also cause lathyrism which is characterized by paralysis of the extremities. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: When heated to decomposition this compound emits toxic fumes of NOx. (NTP, 1992)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

...INVESTIGATED PRINCIPALLY IN CONNECTION WITH LATHYRISM, A FORM OF SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA INDUCED...AS RESULT OF EATING SEEDS OF CERTAIN PLANTS OF LATHYRUS GROUP, BUT ONLY AFTER EATING THEM FOR A LONG TIME, & ONLY WHEN THEY CONSTITUTE THE PRINCIPAL NOURISHMENT.

3,3'-iminobispropanenitrile

Grades: Technical, 90%

Propanenitrile, 3,3'-iminobis-: ACTIVE|Propanenitrile, 3,3'-iminobis-, N-tallow alkyl derivs.: INACTIVE