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Chloral hydrate

Chloral hydrate structure

CAS No:
302-17-0
Formula:
C2H3Cl3O2
Chemical Name:
Chloral hydrate
Synonyms:
1,1-Ethanediol,2,2,2-trichloro-;Chloral hydrate;2,2,2-Trichloro-1,1-ethanediol;Chloral,monohydrate;Trichloroacetaldehyde hydrate;Trawotox;Bi 3411;Trichloroacetaldehyde monohydrate;Noctec;Nycton;Somnos;Lorinal;Chloraldurat;1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-dihydroxyethane;Dormal;Phaldrone;Rectules;Hydral;Nycoton;SK Chloral hydrate;Escre;NSC 3210;Fagron;109128-19-0
Categories:
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients > Nervous System Drugs

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Description

colourless crystals with a pentrating odour Chloral is a combustible, oily liquid with a pungent irritating odor.

Chloral hydrate Basic Attributes

Molecular Weight：

165.4

Exact Mass：

165.40

EC Number：

206-117-5

HScode：

2905590090

Characteristics

PSA：

40.5

XLogP3：

0.99

Appearance：

Transparent colorless crystals or white crystalline solid. Aromatic penetrating slightly acrid odor and a slightly bitter caustic taste. Alcoholic solution (1 in 20) does not at once redden moistened blue litmus paper. (NTP, 1992)

Density：

2 x 10^-6 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

Melting Point：

57 °C

Boiling Point：

98 °C

Flash Point：

16 °C

Refractive Index：

1.546

Water Solubility：

H2O: 660 g/100 mL;Solubility in water: very good

Storage Conditions：

0-6°C

Vapor Pressure：

15 mm Hg at 25 deg C

Vapor Density：

5.1 (Air= 1)

Toxicity：

Oral-rat LD50: 479 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 1100 mg/kg

Flammability characteristics：

In case of heat, open flame burning; thermal decomposition to emit toxic chloride fumes

Odor：

Aromatic, penetrating and slightly acrid odor

Taste：

Slightly bitter, caustic taste

PH：

3.5-4.4 (10% soln in water)

Safety Information

Packing level：

III

Hazard category：

6.1(b)

Transport codes：

UN 3286 3/PG 2

wgk germany：

hazard class code：

25-36/38-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11-36/37/38-36-20/21/22

safety instructions：

26-45-25-23-36/37-16-27

RTECS Number：

FM8750000

Marks：

T,F,Xn

Storage features：

The warehouse is low-temperature, ventilated and dry; prevent fire, high temperature, and store it separately from food materials and oxidants

Stability/Shelf Life：

Stable, but may be air or light sensitive. Incompatible with alcohols, cyanides, iodine, strong bases, carbonates.

Precautionary statement(s)：

P280-P305 + P351 + P338

Hazard Statements：

H302-H312-H319-H332

Toxicity

Toxicity class：

highly toxic

Chloral hydrate Use and Manufacturing

Trichloroacetaldehyde Hydrate is a useful chemical reagent used as a sedative/hypnotic agent for the short-term treatment of insomnia. First developed in 1832, chloral hydrate is the oldest sleep medication still in use today. This medication is also used to calm you just before surgery or other procedures. It works by affecting certain parts of the brain to cause calmness.Studies have shown that when used in pediatric sedation side effects such as hallucination, excessive sleep and seizures were observed. Drowsiness and trouble waking up in the morning, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea, and headache may occur. Stomach problems can be reduced by taking chloral hydrate with a full glass of water. It is sometimes administered to patients being treated with cyclophosphamide and it is known to inhibit some aldehyde dehydrogenases.Besides, Chloral hydrate is a starting point for the synthesis of other organic compounds. It is the starting material for the production of chloral, which is produced by the distillation of a mixture of chloral hydrate and sulfuric acid, which serves as the desiccant.

Computed Properties

Molecular Weight:165.40
XLogP3:1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:2
Exact Mass:163.919862
Monoisotopic Mass:163.919862
Topological Polar Surface Area:40.5
Heavy Atom Count:7
Complexity:56.4
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes

Material

Hydroquinone

Calcium carbonate

Ethanol

Acetaldehyde

Trichloroethylene

Downstream Products

Methanol

1-Butanol

Trichloroacetic acid

Drug Function and Efficacy

Hypnotic doses can induce sleep within 30 minutes. The hypnotic effect is mild, does not shorten REMS sleep time, and has no obvious sequelae. Larger doses have anticonvulsant effects and can be used for convulsions caused by high fever, tetanus, and epilepsy in children. Large doses can cause coma and anesthesia. It inhibits the medullary respiratory and vasomotor centers, leading to death. It was once used as an auxiliary drug for basic anesthesia, but is now rarely used.

This ingredient has been used in drugs with the following functions (note: it does not mean that the ingredient itself has the following health functions)

Related Drugs

Chloral hydrate
Ingredients	The main ingredient of this product is chloral hydrate.
Indication	1. When this product is used in combination with central nervous system depressants and central nervous system depressant antihypertensive drugs (such as clonidine, magnesium sulfate, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants), the central inhibitory effect of chloral hydrate can be more obvious. 2. When used with anticoagulants, the anticoagulant effect is weakened. The prothrombin time should be measured regularly to determine the dosage of anticoagulants. 3. Intravenous injection of furosemide injection after taking chloral hydrate can cause sweating, hot flashes, and increased blood pressure.
Specifications	API
Manufacturer	Qingdao Yulong Algae Co., Ltd.

Camphor Chloral Hydrate Tincture
Ingredients	This product is a compound preparation, whose components contain 0.15g camphor, 0.1g chloral hydrate, 0.015ml clove oil and appropriate amount of ethanol per milliliter.
Indication	Not yet clear.
Specifications	Each ml contains 0.15g camphor, 0.1g chloral hydrate, 0.015ml clove oil
Manufacturer	Beijing Haiderun Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.

Camphor Chloral Hydrate Tincture
Ingredients	This product is a compound preparation, whose components contain 0.15g camphor, 0.1g chloral hydrate, 0.015ml clove oil and appropriate amount of ethanol per milliliter.
Indication	Not yet clear.
Specifications	Each ml contains 0.15g camphor, 0.1g chloral hydrate, 0.007ml clove oil
Manufacturer	Shanghai Xiao Fang Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.

See More Related Drugs

Registered Holders

CHEMSPEC API

United States
Active
Qingdao Yulong Algae Co., Ltd.

China
Active
Lanzhou Tefeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

China
Inactive

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