Paraquat

Paraquat is a yellow solid with a faint, ammonia-like odor.

The preparation method is to add N-methyl pyridine sulfate monomethyl salt, industrial ethanol, sodium cyanide, catalyst and water to the reaction kettle, and add 28% of the industrial alkaline solution dropwise at 5°C under stirring within about 1 hour. In the kettle, after adding alkali, the temperature is gradually raised for 1.5 hours, and the temperature at the end of the reaction does not exceed 80°C. At this time, it can be regarded as the completion of the dimerization reaction and the product is cooled.

Herbicide, Defoliant, Desiccant: Paraquat is a quaternary nitrogen herbicide widely used for broadleaf weed control. It is a quick-acting, nonselective compound, that destroys green plant tissue on contact and by translocation within the plant. It has been employed for killing marijuana in the U.S. and in Mexico. It is also used as a crop desiccant and defoliant, and as an aquatic herbicide. It is used in many formulations with other herbicides, e. g., simazine and diquat. Paraquat dichloride is registered for the control of weeds and grasses in agricultural and non-agricultural areas. It is used as a preplant or pre-emergence herbicide on vegetables, grains, cotton, grasses, sugarcane, peanuts, potatoes, and on areas for tree plantation establishment. Paraquat is applied as a directed spray post-emergence herbicide around fruit crops, vegetables, trees, vines, grains, soybeans, and sugarcane. It is used for dormant season applications on clover and other legumes, and for chemical fallow. It is also used as a desiccant or harvest aid on cotton, dry beans, soybeans, potatoes, sunflowers, sugarcane and as a post-harvest desiccant on tomatoes. It is applied to pine trees to induce resin soaking. Paraquat dichloride is also used on non-crop areas such as public airports, electric transformer stations and around commercial buildings to control weeds. Not approved for use in EU countries. A U.S. EPA restricted Use Pesticide (RUP).

Molecular Weight:186.25
XLogP3:1.7
Rotatable Bond Count:1
Exact Mass:186.115698455
Monoisotopic Mass:186.115698455
Topological Polar Surface Area:7.8
Heavy Atom Count:14
Formal Charge:2
Complexity:145
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes