Prosulfuron

419.38

419.38

619-000-2

NG7LE47J14

DTXSID9034868

Colorless crystals

132

3.73860

1.462 g/cm3

155 °C (decomp)

100.00 °C (212.00 °F) - closed cup

1.547

In water, 29 mg/L (pH 4.5), 87 mg/L (pH 5.0), 4000 mg/L (pH 6.8), 43000 mg/L (pH 7.7) at 25 °C|Solubility in g/L at 25 °C: ethanol 8.4, acetone 160, toluene 6.1, n-hexane 0.0064, n-octanol 1.4, ethyl acetate 56, dichloromethane 180

0-6°C

<2.63X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C (OECD Guideline 104)

LD50 orally in rats: 986 mg/kg; dermally in rabbits: >2000 mg/kg; LC50 (4 hr) by inhalation in rats: >5000 mg/m3 (Schulte)

Odorless

pKa = 3.76

187.01 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TW]

Henry's Law constant = <5.0X10-10 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C (estimated from vapor pressure and water solubility (pH 4.5); calculated value at pH6.8 and pH7.7 will be even lower due to higher water solubility|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 3.5X10-12 cu-cm/molc sec at 25 °C (est)

UN30779/PG3

3

22-50/53

60-61

Xn,N

Stable under recommended storage conditions.

P273-P301 + P312 + P330-P391-P501

H302-H410

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.|Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

Incompatible materials: Strong oxidizing agents.

|Warning|H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P264, P270, P273, P301+P312, P330, P391, and P501|H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|Aggregated GHS information provided by 215 companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Eye/face protection: Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).|Skin protection: Handle with gloves.|Body Protection: Complete suit protecting against chemicals. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.|Respiratory protection: For nuisance exposures use type P95 (US) or type P1 (EU EN 143) particle respirator. For higher level protection use type OV/AG/P99 (US) or type ABEK-P2 (EU EN 143) respirator cartridges. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.|Advice for firefighters: Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.|Precautions for safe handling: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.|Appropriate engineering controls: Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.|Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.|SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. Ensure that the local ventilation moves the contaminant away from the worker.

RURAL/REMOTE: Prosulfuron was not detected (detection limit not reported) during ambient air sampling conducted between 2009-2011 at three wetland areas of the St. Lawrence River basin, Canada(1).

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Prosulfuron is a triazinyl-sulfonylurea herbicide. HUMAN STUDIES: There are no data available. ANIMAL STUDIES: It is not skin or eye irritant, or sensitizer. In a subchronic oral toxicity study, prosulfuron technical was administered to 4 beagle dogs/sex/dose via the diet at dose levels of 0, 15, 150, 1500, or 3000 ppm for 90 days. Hematotoxicity was observed in both sexes. Hepatotoxicity was observed in both sexes at the two highest dose levels. At the highest dose tested, two males displayed myocardial necrosis with fibrosis and dystrophic mineralization in the ventricular and papillary muscles, and one female displayed myocardial degeneration. A 90-day feeding study in mice was conducted in which prosulfuron was administered orally to mice at dietary levels of 0, 15, 500, 1750, 3500, or 7000 ppm. At higher dose levels, degenerative vacuolation of the heart was observed in males at > 3500 ppm and in females at 7000 ppm. The incidence of centrilobular hypertrophy observed in the liver was statistically significant at > 1750 in males and > 3500 in females. In a carcinogenicity study in rats, groups of 60 rats/sex/dose group were administered 0, 10, 200, 2000 or 4000 ppm in the diet for a 2-year period. Increases in the incidence of mammary adenocarcinomas in females was observed at 2000 ppm and 4000 ppm compared to controls. Mammary gland adenomas were also slightly increased at 2000 ppm and 4000 ppm. Slight increases in the incidence of benign testicular interstitial cell tumors (significant trend only) were also observed at 2000 ppm and 4000 ppm compared to controls. In a feeding carcinogenicity 18-month study in mice there was no increase in the incidence of neoplasia in treatment groups when compared to controls. In a developmental study in rabbits fetal weights were reduced and skeletal anomalies/delayed ossification increased. In a neurotoxicity study in rats the observed effects were consistent with transient neurotoxicity affecting primarily sensorimotor and gait functions. Mutagenicity tests were negative. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: In combination with other triazinyl-sulfonylurea herbicides it exerted a detrimental effect on soil microbial biomass and its biochemical activities.

LD50 Rat dermal > 2,000 mg/kg bw|LD50 Rat (female) oral 546 mg/kg bw

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Soil microcosm experiments were used to investigate the effects on growth and activity of soil microorganisms of an herbicide combination (60% bromoxynil + 3% prosulfuron) frequently used to provide a broad spectrum control of weed species. Culturable aerobic bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes, the fundamental groups of heterotrophic microorganisms, and nitrifiers, considered a very sensitive group to these compounds, were evaluated. Since herbicides have been found to inhibit decomposition of cellulose in soil, the effects on cellulolytic bacteria and fungi were determined. Dehydrogenase activity as a measure of microbial activity was another parameter considered. The results emphasized a tendency of reversible stimulatory/inhibitory effects of the tested compounds on soil microorganisms, with fungi as an exception. A long-lasting negative action on the activity of the dehydrogenase (DHA), commonly used as an index of the overall microbial activity in soil, was found. The magnitude of these effects were dependent on the assayed concentrations of the herbicides mixture. ...The presence of bromoxynil + prosulfuron could induce significant changes in the microbial populations of the soil, concerning the activity and balance of microbial community. Possible environmental risks must be considered. Dehydrogenase activity was shown to be an important indicator of side-effects attributed to these herbicides.|/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ The effect of four triazinyl-sulfonylurea herbicides (cinosulfuron, prosulfuron, thifensulfuron methyl, triasulfuron) on soil microbial biomass, soil respiration, metabolic activity, metabolic quotient, and some enzymatic activities (acid and alkaline phosphatase, beta-glucosidase, arylsulphatase, and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis) were monitored under controlled conditions over 30 days. The herbicides were applied at the normal field dose (FD) and at ten-fold (10 FD) the field dose, in order to mimic a long term toxic effect. The measured soil microbial parameters showed that the FD had slight effects on soil microflora, while at 10 FD the tested herbicides exerted a stronger detrimental effect on soil microbial biomass and its biochemical activities.

Prosulfuron's production may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams; its use as a post-emergence herbicide for broad spectrum control in maize, sorghum, cereals, pasture and turf(1) will result in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), a measured Koc range of 4-251(2), indicates that prosulfuron is expected to have very high to moderate mobility in soil(SRC). A pKa of 3.76(2) indicates prosulfuron will exist partially in anion form at pH 5 and almost entirely in anion form at pH 6-9(SRC). Sorption studies found that anion exchange of prosulfuron accounted for up to 82% of overall sorption in the pH range of 3 to 7(3); humic acid and anion-cation exchange capacities of the soil can effect the Koc(3). Volatilization of non-ionized prosulfuron from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of <5.0X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, <2.63X10-8 mm Hg(2), and water solubility, 87-43000 mg/L at pH 5-7.7(2). Prosulfuron in anion form will not volatilize. Prosulfuron is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(SRC). Volatilization from soil and plant surfaces has been measured as negligible(4). Results of degradation studies indicate that prosulfuron is not readily biodegradable(4). Sterile versus non-sterile soil degradation tests have demonstrated that microbial degradation can be an important fate in soil, especially in the absence of abiotic hydrolysis(5). Prosulfuron is susceptible to aqueous hydrolysis in moist acidic soils; hydrolysis half-life has been reported as 5-12 days at pH 5 and 25 °C(4). Field dissipation half-lives of 3.9-38.9 days and 4-36 days have been reported(2,4).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), a Koc range of 4-251(2), indicates that prosulfuron is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa of 3.76(2) indicates this compound will exist partially in anion form at pH 5 and almost entirely in the anion form at pH 6-9 in the environment(SRC), and volatilization of the anion form from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is also not expected from the non-ionized form(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of <5.0X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, <2.63.5X10-8 mm Hg(2), and water solubility, 87-43000 mg/L at pH 5-7.7(2). According to a classification scheme(4), an estimated BCF of 1(SRC), from its log Kow of 1.50(2) and a regression-derived equation(5), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Results of degradation studies indicate that prosulfuron is not readily biodegradable(6). Dissipation half-life in four water-sediment systems (pond and river water) ranged from 119-216 days with a geometric mean of 173 days(6). Prosulfuron is susceptible to hydrolysis at pH 5, but stable to hydrolysis at pH 7 and pH 9(7). The hydrolysis half-life at pH 5 (25 °C) is 5-12 days(6); hydrolysis half-lives at pH 7 and pH 9 are 424-651 days and 682-1690 days respectively(6). Photodegradation studies in water indicate direct photolysis is not an important fate process(6).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), prosulfuron, which has a vapor pressure of <2.63X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase prosulfuron may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Photodegradation studies in water indicate direct photolysis is not an important fate process(3).

The hydrolysis of prosulfuron in buffered aqueous solution at pH 5, 7 and 9 at 25 °C found that prosulfuron was stable at neutral (pH 7) and alkaline (pH 9) conditions, but hydrolyzed under acidic conditions (pH 5) with a half-life of about 10 days(1). One of the major routes of hydrolysis involve hydrolysis of the sulfonylurea bridge to yield the corresponding phenyl- and triazine-cleavage products and minor amounts of desmethyl-prosulfuron and dihydroxmethyltriazine(1). The hydrolysis half-life of prosulfuron in buffered aqueous solution was determined as follows(2): 0.97 days (pH 2), 1.73 days (pH 3), 2.64 days (pH 4), 19 days (pH 5), 224 days (pH 6.5) and 330 days (pH 7.5). The hydrolysis half-life at pH 5 (25 °C) is also reported to be 5-12 days yielding prosulfuron phenyl sulfonamide, prosulfuron triazine amine and prosulfuron polyimide(3); hydrolysis half-lives at pH 7 and pH 9 are 424-651 days and 682-1690 days respectively(3). Photodegradation studies in water indicate direct photolysis is not an important fate process(3).

An estimated BCF of 1 was calculated in fish for prosulfuron(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.50(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Based Freundlich Kfoc (organic carbon normalized Freundlich adsorption coefficient), batch sorption studies in 8 different soils (organic carbon content 0.36-19.34%) determined a Koc range of 3.9-37.3 and an arithmetic Koc mean of 14.2(1). A measured Koc range of 4-251 has also been reported(2). According to a classification scheme(3), these Koc ranges suggest that prosulfuron is expected to have very high to moderate mobility in soil. A pKa of 3.76(2) indicates prosulfuron will exist partially in anion form at pH 5 and almost entirely in anion form at pH 6-9(SRC). Tests using various sorbents and 10 variable-charge soil types found that anion exchange of prosulfuron accounted for up to 82% of overall sorption in the pH range of 3 to 7(4); humic acid and anion-cation exchange capacities of the soil can effect the Koc(4).

A pKa of 3.76(1) indicates prosulfuron will exist partially in anion form at pH 5 and almost entirely in anion form at pH 6-9(SRC), and therefore, since anions do not volatilize, volatilization of anionic prosulfuron will not be an important fate process(SRC). The Henry's Law constant for non-ionized prosulfuron is estimated as <5.0X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, <2.63X10-8 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 87-43000 mg/L at pH 5-7.7(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that non-ionized prosulfuron is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). Prosulfuron's estimated Henry's Law constant and ionization indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to occur(SRC). Prosulfuron is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure. Volatilization from soil and plant surfaces has been measured as negligible(3).

GROUNDWATER: Water samples collected from 25 groundwater sites in the Upper Mississippi, Misouri and Ohio River basins in 1998, as part of a US Geological Survey study, were analyzed for a variety sulfonylurea and other herbicides, and prosulfuron was not detected in any sample (minimum reporting level of 0.005 ug/L)(1).|SURFACE WATER: Maximum prosulfuron concentrations of 10-20 ng/L were detected in water samples collected from three wetland areas of the St. Lawrence River basin, Canada between 2009-2011(1); prosulfuron detection frequency at all sites was 1.4% (at >10 ng/L)(1).|RAIN WATER: Prosulfuron was not detected (detection quantification limit 10 ng/L) during ambient rain sampling conducted between 2009-2011 at three wetland areas of the St. Lawrence River basin, Canada(1). Water samples collected from 75 surface water sites in the Upper Mississippi, Missouri and Ohio River basins in 1998 (129 samples) as part of a US Geological Survey study, were analyzed for a variety of sulfonylurea and other herbicides; prosulfuron was detected 6 samples above the MRL (minimum reporting level of 0.005 ug/L) and at a maximum concentration of 0.036 ug/L(2). Sampling of surface waters in Ontario, Canada between 2006-2008 resulted in the following positive detections of prosulfuron: 2006 - 5 of 150 samples (1.75-4.13 ng/L); 2007 - 2 of 120 samples (2.48-3,72 ng/L); 2008 - 1 of 129 samples (6.32 ng/L)(3).

Occupational exposure to prosulfuron may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where ptosulfuron is produced or used. The general population may be exposed to prosulfuron via inhalation and dermal contact in localized agricultural areas where prosulfuron is being applied or recently applied as a herbicide. (SRC)

Rats were administered triazine-(4-14)C prosulfuron as a single oral dose of 0.5 mg/kg, a single i.v. dose of 0.5 mg/kg, a single oral dose of 400 mg/kg and a single oral dose of triazine-(4-14)C prosulfuron following 14 days of repeated dosing with 0.5 mg/kg of nonradiolabeled compound. Approximately 90% of the administered dose was excreted within 48 hours post-dosing. Over a 168 hour period, urinary excretion of radioactivity ranged from 61.19-83.36% of the administered radioactivity and fecal excretion of radioactivity ranged from 10.46- 35.84%. Tissue radioactivity was low, less than 0.91% of the administered dose. The metabolite profile for each sex was similar regardless of the route of administration. However, females tended to excrete more radioactivity in the urine and less in the feces than males. ...|In a metabolism study rats were administered phenyl-(14)C prosulfuron as a single oral dose of 0.5 mg/kg, a single i.v. dose of 0.5 mg/kg, a single oral dose of 400 mg/kg and a single oral dose of phenyl-(14)C prosulfuron following 14 days of repeated dosing with 0.5 mg/kg of nonlabeled compound. Approximately 90% of the administered dose was excreted during the first 48 hours. Over the 168 hour collection period, rats in the 0.5 mg/kg group excreted 71-83% of the administered dose in the urine and 10-23% in the feces. At 400 mg/kg, a greater proportion of the administered dose was excreted in the feces (33-36%) compared to urine (61-71%). Females usually excreted more of the dose in the urine (79-91%) than males (66-79%). The parent compound represented 8-27% of the total activity in the urine of females and 5-9% in males, whereas in the feces there was 10-16% of the parent compound in females and 5-6% in males. Fifteen urinary metabolites were determined and 13 similar metabolites were confirmed in feces. 90-99% of the urinary radioactivity was identified and 75-90% of the fecal radioactivity was identified. Tissue levels were low. At 400 mg/kg, the tissue containing the most radioactivity was the skin (0.04- 0.46%). Bone contained the smallest amount of radioactivity (0.00031%-0.00050%). No measurable amount of radioactivity was found in most tissues 168 hours post-dosing in animals at 0.5 mg/kg. ...

Rats were administered triazine-(4-14)C prosulfuron as a single oral dose of 0.5 mg/kg, a single i.v. dose of 0.5 mg/kg, a single oral dose of 400 mg/kg and a single oral dose of triazine-(4-14)C prosulfuron following 14 days of repeated dosing with 0.5 mg/kg of nonradiolabeled compound. ... The metabolite profile for each sex was similar regardless of the route of administration. However, females tended to excrete more radioactivity in the urine and less in the feces than males. The metabolites in the greatest concentration in the urine were #2 (hydroxylation of triazinyl methyl group) and #11 (parent compound) along with #1 (O-demethylated methoxy group) and #3 (hydroxylation of trifluoropropyl group). Females excreted more parent compound than males. Males excreted more of the hydroxylated metabolites and more metabolites with a double bond on the trifluoropropyl group. At 0.5 mg/kg, the metabolites were not affected by the route or frequency of administration. The proportion of administered radioactivity in the feces increased in the 400 mg/kg group. Urinary metabolite #3 was greater at 400 mg/kg than 0.5 mg/kg, especially in males. It is believed that O-demethylation of the methoxy group and hydroxylation of the triazinyl methyl group are the primary metabolic pathways; while hydroxylation at various sites of the trifluoropropylbenzene moiety is a slower process that increases in importance as the primary pathways approach saturation.|In a metabolism study rats were administered phenyl-(14)C prosulfuron as a single oral dose of 0.5 mg/kg, a single i.v. dose of 0.5 mg/kg, a single oral dose of 400 mg/kg and a single oral dose of phenyl-(14)C prosulfuron following 14 days of repeated dosing with 0.5 mg/kg of nonlabeled compound. ... Fifteen urinary metabolites were determined and 13 similar metabolites were confirmed in feces. ... The major routes of metabolism occurred via hydroxylation at side chains and phenyl ring positions and O-demethylation of the triazyl methoxy group. Minor routes of metabolism included unsaturation of the trifluoropropyl side chain, hydrolysis of the phenyl-sulfonylurea link and oxidative/hydrolytic cleavage of the triazine ring system. The major metabolite (47% to 60% of urinary radioactivity at 0.5 mg/kg) was formed by hydroxylation of the triazinyl methyl group. At the 0.5 mg/kg level, metabolism was not affected by route of administration.

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) or lorazepam (Ativan) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

prosulfuron

Halosulfuron methyl 50%/Prosulfuron 29% WDG (Canyon Group LLC): Active ingredient: halosulfuron-methyl 50.0% and prosulfuron 29.0%.|Peak (Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC): Active ingredient: prosulfuron 57.0%.|Prosulfuron Technical (Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC): Active ingredient: prosulfuron 96.0%.|Spirit Herbicide (Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC): Active ingredient: primisulfuron-methyl 42.8% and prosulfuron 14.2%.|For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for Prosulfuron (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Adequate enforcement methodology, Method AG-590C (a high performance liquid chromatography method with column switching and ultraviolet (UV) detection), is available to enforce the tolerance expression.|A sensitive and very fast analytical method has been developed for the simultaneous quantification of sixteen sulfonylurea herbicides in surface water. An ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method with solid phase extraction for sample cleanup has been developed for screening sixteen sulfonylurea herbicides (oxasulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, cinosulfuron, metsulfuron methyl, sulfometuron methyl, triasulfuron, rimsulfuron, ethametsulfuron methyl, sulfosulfuron, tribenuron methyl, bensulfuron methyl, iodosulfuron methyl, pyrazosulfuron ethyl, prosulfuron, chlorimuron ethyl, ethoxysulfuron) in water samples simultaneously within 12 min. Water samples were acidified, and the target herbicides were extracted by passing through ProElut C18 extraction cartridges. After drying by nitrogen flow, the cartridges were eluted with elution solvents, and the eluate was then evaporated to dryness, redissolved and analyzed. The mobile phase composed of 0.02% formic acid and acetonitrile using gradient elution. A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source operated in the positive ion with selective reaction monitoring mode. Each of the analytes in all the samples was monitored using protonated molecule and its two characteristic fragment ions for confirmation. The limits of detection for all analytes were below 1.0 ng/mL, except for sulfosulfuron and prosulfuron, and limits of quantitation were between 1 and 8 ng/mL for this method. Three water types were used for the validation of the method.|A magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) method coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was proposed for the determination of five sulfonylurea herbicides (bensulfuron-methyl, prosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, chlorimuron-ethyl and triflusulfuron-methyl) in environmental water samples. The magnetic adsorbent was prepared by incorporating Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles and surfactant into a silica matrix according to a sol-gel procedure, which can provide surfactant free extracts during the eluting step to avoid chromatographic interference. The prepared adsorbent was used to extract the sulfonylurea herbicides in several kinds of water samples. The main factors affecting the extraction efficiency, including desorption conditions, extraction time, sample volume, and sample solution pH were optimized. Under the optimum conditions, good linearity was obtained within the range of 0.2-50.0 ug L(-1) for all analytes, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9993 to 0.9999. The enrichment factors were between 1200 and 1410, and the limits of detection were between 0.078 and 0.10 ug L(-1). The proposed method was successfully applied in the analysis of sulfonylurea herbicides in environmental samples (tap, reservoir, river, and rice field). The recoveries of the method ranged between 80.4% and 107.1%. This study reported for the first time the use of MSPE procedure in the preconcentration of sulfonylurea herbicides in environmental samples. The procedure proved to be efficient, environmentally friendly, and fast.

Agrochemicals -> Herbicides|Herbicides|Environmental transformation -> Pesticides (parent, predecessor)

Prosulfuron has known environmental transformation products that include 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine.|Prosulfuron has known environmental transformation products that include CGA 300408, CGA159902 2,(3,3,3-Trifluoropropyl)-benzenesulfonamide, CGA300406 N-((4-hydroxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)carbamoyl)-2-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)benzenesulfonamide, CGA325025 N-((4-amino-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)carbamoyl)-2-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)benzenesulfonamide, CGA349707 N-((diaminomethylene)carbamoyl)-2-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)benzenesulfonamide, IN-F5475, O-desmethyl triazine amine (IN-B5528), SYN542604 [(N-aminocarbonyl]amino)imino)methyl)aminocarbonyl-2-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-benzenesulfonamide, and Triazine amine (IN-A4098).