Crimidine

171.63

171.63

208-622-6

W34R2923T3

2017

2588

DTXSID0041800

Colorless crystals

2933599017

29

1.31 (est)

Crimidine appears as brown waxy solid or colorless crystals. Used as a rodenticide. Not registered as a pesticide in the U.S. (EPA, 1998)

1.2±0.1 g/cm3

87 °C

140-147 °C @ Press: 4 Torr

129.9±21.8 °C

1.568

soluble in most common organic solvents, eg acetone, benzene, chloroform, diethyl ether, ethanol. soluble in dilute acids.

0-6°C

0.023 mm Hg at 25 deg C (est)

Oral-rat LD50: 1.25 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 1.20 mg/kg

Decomposes toxic nitrogen oxide and chloride gas when heated

Henry's Law constant = 3.8X10-8 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 8.3X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Amines, Phosphines, and Pyridines

CRIMIDINE neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.

Corrosive to metals

I

6.1(a)

2588

2

28

36/37-45

UV8050000

T+

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored and transported separately from food materials

Very stable in neutral media, but decomposed by strong acids and alkalis.

P301 + P310 + P330

H300

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Anon; Crimidine; In: EPA Chemical Profiles, USEPA, Washington DC 20460, USA, 3p. Dec (1985). Aspects covered in this data sheet: chemical identity; exposure limits; physicochemical properties; fire and explosion hazards; reactivity; health hazards; uses; handling of spills or releases.

It emits highly toxic chloride fumes when heated to decomposition. Avoid acids and acid fumes. Very stable in neutral medium. Avoid decomposing heat. (EPA, 1998)

|Danger|H300: Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P264, P270, P301+P310, P321, P330, P405, and P501|H300 (100%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|Aggregated GHS information provided by 39 companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

(Non-Specific -- Pesticide, Solid, n.o.s.) Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Do not touch spilled material; stop leak if you can do so without risk. Small spills: absorb with sand or other noncombustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal. Small dry spills: with clean shovel place material into clean, dry container and cover; move containers from spill area. Large spills: dike far ahead of spill for later disposal. If water pollution occurs, notify appropriate authorities. (EPA, 1998)

For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)|Wear protective gloves and clothing to prevent any reasonable probability of skin contact. Safety equipment suppliers/manufacturers can provide recommendations on the most protective glove/clothing material for your operation. All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) should be clean, available each day, and put on before work.|Where the potential exists for exposure to Castrix, use a NIOSH approved full facepiece respirator with a pesticide cartridge. Increased protection is obtained from full facepiece air purifying respirators. If while wearing a filter, cartridge or canister respirator, you can smell, taste, or otherwise detect Castrix, or in the case of a full facepiece respirator you experience eye irritation, leave the area immediately. Check to make sure the respirator-to-face seal is still good. If it is, replace the filter, cartridge, or canister. If the seal is no longer good, you may need a new respirator. Where the potential for high exposures exists, use a NIOSH approved supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece operated in the positive pressure mode or with a full facepiece, hood, or helmet in the continuous flow mode, or use a NIOSH approved self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode.|Be sure to use respiratory protection when /mixing/.

This chemical is a noncombustible solid. Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or alcohol foam extinguishers. Poisonous gases are produced in fire including chloride fumes and nitrogen oxides. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies. From a secure, explosion-proof location, use water spray to cool exposed containers. If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors, or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position...

Spill Handling: Evacuate and restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Use organic vapor respiratory protection. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Wear self-contained (positive pressure if available) breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Do not touch spilled material; stop leak if you can do so without risk. Small spills: absorb with sand or other noncombustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal. Small dry spills: with clean shovel place material into clean, dry container and cover; move containers from spill area. Large spills: dike far ahead of spill for later disposal. If water pollution occurs, notify appropriate authorities. Ventilate area of spill or leak. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters...

Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Wear dust-proof chemical goggles and face shield unless full facepiece respiratory protection is worn. Employees should wash immediately with soap when skin is wet or contaminated. Provide emergency showers and eyewash.|Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash area with large amounts of water. Seek medical attention immediately.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Crimidine is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 100 or 10,000 lbs. Extremely hazardous substances that are solids are subject to either of two threshold planning quantities ... The lower quantity applies only if the solid exists in powdered form and has a particle size less than 100 microns; or is handled in solution or in molten form; or meets the criteria for a National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) rating of 2, 3 or 4 for reactivity. If the solid does not meet any of these criteria, it is subject to the upper ... threshold planning quantity ... .

most toxic

Pyridoxine was found to be an excellent antidote for mice poisoned with crimidine.|Subtoxic doses of 4-deoxopyridoxine and semicarbazide also had a protective effect; isonicotinylhydrazine, caffeine, and acetazolamide were partially effective in preventing convulsions due to Castrix.

LD50 Rat oral 1.25 mg/kg|LD50 Rat ip 1 mg/kg|LD50 Chicken oral 22.5 mg/kg|LD50 Rabbit oral 5 mg/kg|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for CRIMIDINE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/BIRDS and MAMMALS/ Crimidine is not a culmulative poison, but is rapidly metabolized. Birds are not harmed by the ingestion of a few grains of the formulation.|/AQUATIC SPECIES/ The accumulation of crimidine in total samples and in some organs of 5 fish species was studied under experimental conditions. The species were Cyprinus carpio, Carassius carassius, Tinca tinca, Scardinius erythrophthalamus, and Leucaspius delineatus. Fish were exposed to concn of 10 and 50 mg/L. During short-term expt, water and fish samples were taken at intervals of 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hr; during the long-term expt, sampling was performed weekly for 6 wk. Total samples were analyzed for Carassius carassius, Tinca tinca, Scardinius erythrophthalamus, and Leucaspius delineatus. Samples of individual organs and tissues were taken as follows: Cyprinus carpio-gills, digestive tract, muscular tissue, kidneys, gonads; Carassius carassius-gills, digestive tract, muscular tissue, ovaries, testes. Crimidine was determined by gas chromatog. The accumulation capacity of individual fish species did not differ greatly. Of the internal organs, only the kidneys had a high accumulation capacity; otherwise, the highest values were found in muscular tissue and the gills. After 1-3 wk, the amt of crimidine in most organs falls, and after transfer to clean water there is a general sharp decline. The authors concluded that crimidine is not firmly bound in the body.|/ACCIDENTAL POISONINGS/ In 12 of 714 stone martens (1.68%), post mortem examination revealed poisoned corn in the stomach and duodenum. All cases occurred in the winter from December-March. Male and female animals of different ages were affected. Morphologically, an extensive hyperemia was found in the skeletal muscles and in all organs. Toxicological examinations were made in 8 cases. In every case crimidine was established.|/FIELD STUDIES/ Crimidine is not a cumulative poison, but rapidly decomposes in the bodies of poisoned animals, which are therefore not toxic to predators.

Crimidine's former production and use as rodenticide(1) may have resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 22(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that crimidine is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of crimidine from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.8X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Crimidine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 0.023 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(4). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2006).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 22(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that crimidine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.8X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 2 from an estimated log Kow of 1.31(6), and a regression derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2006).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), crimidine, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 0.023 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely in vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase crimidine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 5 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 8.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of crimidine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 8.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 5 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Crimidine is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2) nor to directly photolyze due to the lack of absorption in the environmental UV spectrum (>290 nm).

An estimated BCF of 2 was calculated for crimidine(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 1.31(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for crimidine can be estimated to be 22(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that crimidine is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for crimidine is estimated as 3.8X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that crimidine is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). Crimidine's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected(SRC). Crimidine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 0.023 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

Crimidine is no longer produced or used in the United States; therefore, occupational exposure and exposure to the general population is expected to be very low or non existent. (SRC)

6. 6= super toxic: probable oral lethal dose (human) less than 5 mg/kg or a taste (less than 7 drops) for 70 kg person (150 lb).

The drug acts within 20 to 40 minutes of ingestion, but is rapidly excreted ... it is said that 20 times the lethal dose of Castrix can be eliminated by the dog in 13 hours ... .

Crimidine is a rapidly acting convulsant pyridoxine antagonist ...|In an attempt to elucidate the mechanism of the convulsive action of Castrix, the effects of Castrix and its analogs on several enzymes, their convulsive effects in mice, and the influence of other compounds on the convulsive effects of Castrix were investigated. At high concentrations in vitro, Castrix inhibited the activities of mouse brain pyridoxal kinase, glutamic decarboxylase, and acetylcholinesterase. The activities of these enzymes were not significantly altered by Castrix in vivo. Several structural analogs of Castrix displayed similar convulsive activity in mice. The elimination of chlorine from Castrix changed the mode of convulsive action, and the convulsions in this case could not be prevented by administration of vitamin B6. Replacing the 4-dimethylamino group of Castrix with an amino group eliminated the convulsive action but gave a depressive action. The mechanism by which Castrix competes with vitamin B6 was not found, since other vitamin B6 antagonists (e.g., toxopyrimidine) protected against the convulsive action of Castrix. ...|Pyrimidinamine rodenticide

Inactive waxy 4-chloro-2-dimethylamino isomer

Super toxic; probable oral lethal dose in humans is less than 5 mg/kg or less than 7 drops for a 70 kg (150 lb.) person. May cause serious central nervous system damage leading to convulsions. (EPA, 1998)

Warning: Crimidine is intensely toxic. Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Crimidine Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to crimidine may include seizures and vomiting. Other symptoms attributed to crimidine poisoning are restlessness, apprehension, muscular stiffness, sensitivity to light, loud noises, and contact; diaphoresis (profuse perspiration), convulsions, and CNS excitation. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to crimidine may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to crimidine. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. 4. Rush to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to crimidine. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5. Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. 6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. 7. Rush to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 2. DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize. 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/3 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz is recommended for adults. 6. Rush to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Control seizures. Seizure activity from these compounds may be so severe that doses necessary for seizure control may paralyze respiration. For this reason, it is best to intubate the trachea as early as possible in the course of seizure control and support pulmonary ventilation mechanically. This has the added advantage of protecting the airway from aspiration of regurgitated gastric contents. ... For seizure management, most patients respond well to usual management consisting of benzodiazepines, or phenytoin and phenobarbital. /Convulsants/|If the patient presents within 60 minutes of ingestion, lavage may be considered. Insert an orogastric tube and follow with fluid, usually normal saline. Aspirate back the fluid in an attempt to remove any toxicant. If the patient is neurologically impaired, airway protection with a cuffed endotracheal tube is indicated prior to gastric lavage. Lavage performed more than 60 minutes after ingestion has not proven to be beneficial and runs the risk of inducing bleeding,perforation, or scarring due to additional trauma to already traumatized tissues. It is almost necessary first to control seizures before attempting gastric lavage or any other method of GI decontamination.|Administer intravenous fluids to support excretion of absorbed toxicants. Inclusion of sodium bicarbonate in the infusion fluid counteracts metabolic acidosis generated by convulsions. Effectiveness of hemodialysis and hemoperfusion has not been tested. /Convulsants/|Crimidine is rapidly excreted, and poisoning can be counteracted, if treatment is started soon enough, by controlling the convulsions with a short-acting barbiturate until the crimidine has been eliminated. ... 20 mg/kg of pyridoxine HCl administered iv was an effective antidote in cases of crimidine poisoning in dogs.|For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for CRIMIDINE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Short Term Exposure: Contact can cause eye and skin irritation and burns. Inhalation can irritate the nose and throat. Exposure may result in serious central nervous system damage with anxiety, restlessness, muscle stiffness, light sensitivity, noise sensitivity, touch sensitive, cold sweat, and leading to convulsions that may be fatal. If patient survives 5 - 6 hours there may not be serious problems. Extremely toxic; ... probable oral lethal dose in humans is less than 5 mg/kg or less than 7 drops for a 70 kg (150 lb) person. Long Term Exposure: Chronic health effects are unknown at this time|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Symptomatology (beginning 15 to 30 min after ingestion): 1. Without warning the patient may fall into a violent convulsion, but often prodromal symptoms are described, such as restlessness, apprehension, heightened acuity of perception (hearing, vision, feeling, etc), abrupt movements, hyperreflexia, and especially muscular stiffness of the face and legs. Rarely vomiting occurs. 2. A minor sensory stimulus may suddenly trigger a violent generalized convulsion which lasts from 0.5 to 2 min. At first the movements are intermittent (clonic), but a spinal tetanic phase quickly intervenes. ... Because the muscles of respiration are involved in a sustained spasm, breathing ceases and deep cyanosis appears. Consciousness is retained during the convulsion ... . 3. Between convulsions, muscular relaxation is typically complete. ... Cold perspiration covers the skin. ... Sudden stimuli such as a noise or even a draft of air may precipitate another paroxysm. 4. ... Death from respiratory arrest. ... 5. Repeated convulsions may lead to lactic acidemia, hyperkalemia and dehydration. /Strychnine/|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Crimidine (2 chloro, 4 methyl, 6 dimethyl amidopyrine) is a synthetic rodenticide which causes acute poisonings after oral ingestion in /humans/. Major toxic effects are consciousness disorders, hypertonic coma and convulsions. Toxic level in human is about 5 mg/kg. An intoxication case is reported. Five serums collected at different times were analyzed ... Serum levels varied from 368 micrograms/L for H0 to 64 micrograms/L for H10 and elimination of crimidine was linear in time.

Castrix

Castrix-Giftkorner: 0.1% impregnated wheat grain.|Technical contains about 20% of the non-rodenticidal 4-chloro-N,N,6-trimethylpyrimidin-2-ylamine.

Introduced in early 1940's by I.G. Farben Industrie as rat poison.|The technical product ... containing about 20% of the inactive 4-chloro-2-dimethylamino isomer.|Product discontinued by Bayer AG.|... It is not customary to combine with other preparations.

Analysis of residues: Extraction with n-hexane or acetone + dichloromethane, HPLC on Kieselgel, and measurement with a UV-detector at 254 nm.|Analysis of products: By UV spectroscopy. Analysis of residues: By HPLC with UV detection.|Product and residue analysis is by high performance liquid chromatography.

TLC determination of crimidine in stomach contents of domestic and wild animals.|TLC chromatography determination of crimidine in stomach content of animals in experimentally induced castrix poisoning.|Nitrogen ontaining pesticides were extracted from biological material (liver), and determined by capillary GC/MS using SE-52, and helium carrier gas.

Agrochemicals -> Rodenticides