Pentasodium Pentetate

503.26

503.048065

205-391-3

961TOZ5L7T

DTXSID9027077

2922499990

210.37000

-9.35810

Clear Solution

1.29

-40 °C

106 °C

389.9ºC

1.4185-1.4205

H2O: soluble

Store between 15 - 30 deg C (59 -86 deg F). /Ca-DTPA/

White crystalline solid. MP 230 °C (decomposes). Slightly soluble in cold water; insoluble in hot water. /Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid/|MW: 393.35 /Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid/

I; II; III

3

36-20-63

39-26-36/37

MB8205000

Xi,Xn

P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P271, P280, P281, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P312, P314, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P405, P501

H315

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Pentasodium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives.

REAC/TS is a valuable resource in the use of drug therapies to treat radiation incident victims. Personnel maintain a repository of all clinical information and provide data to practitioners worldwide on calcium and zinc diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) and Prussian Blue.[Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS); Medical Countermeasures. Available from, as of August 16, 2006: http://orise.orau.gov/reacts/med-countermeasures.htm]

|Warning|H315 (18.53%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]|P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P271, P280, P281, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P312, P314, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 1036 companies from 27 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

LD50 Mouse ip 585 mg/kg bw|LD50 Rat oral 4550 mg/kg bw

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ When bluegill of avg wt 0.74 g and avg length 34 mm were exposed to versenex 80 (40% ai) for 96 hr at 22 °C, the LC50 was 1115 mg/L (95% confidence limit 1005-1250 mg/L).|/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Addition of pentasodium pentetate after exposure of carp to 0.01, 0.05, or 0.1 ppm cadmium produced decreases in mortality. Complexan-metal groups generally exhibited striking increase with concentration of metal in each part of fish in comparison with the metal alone.

Multiple doses of Ca-DTPA could result in an increased risk for adverse reproductive outcomes and thus are not recommended during pregnancy. Therefore, treatment of pregnant women should begin and continue with Zn-DTPA, if available, except in cases of high internal radioactive contamination. In these cases, the risk of immediate and delayed radiation-induced toxicity to both the mother and the fetus should be considered in comparison to the risk of Ca-DTPA toxicity. Also, because Ca-DTPA is more effective than Zn-DTPA in the first 24 hours after internal contamination, it may be appropriate to use a single dose of Ca-DTPA with vitamin or mineral supplements that contain zinc as the initial treatment. /Ca-DTPA/|Nebulized chelation therapy may be associated with exacerbation of asthma. Caution should be exercised when administering Ca-DTPA by the inhalation route. /Ca-DTPA/

According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use of pentasodium pentetate is 1000 or greater; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).|NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 39,005 workers (20,673 of these were female) were potentially exposed to pentasodium pentetate in the US(1).

Antidotes; Chelating Agents; Iron Chelating Agents /Ca-DTPA/|Ca-DTPA is indicated for treatment of individuals with known or suspected internal contamination with plutonium, americium, or curium to increase the rates of elimination. /Ca-DTPA/|Chelation treatment is most effective if administered within the first 24 hours after internal contamination and should be started as soon as possible after suspected or known internal contamination. However, even when treatment cannot be started right away, individuals should be given chelation treatment as soon as it becomes available. Chelation treatment is still effective even after time has elapsed following internal contamination however, the chelating effects of Ca-DTPA are greatest when radiocontaminants are still circulating or are in interstitial fluids. The effectiveness of chelation decreases with time following internal contamination as the radiocontaminants become sequestered in liver and bone. /Ca-DTPA/|When an individual is contaminated with multiple radiocontaminants, or when the radiocontaminants are unknown, additional therapies may be needed (e.g., Prussian blue, potassium iodide). /Ca-DTPA/|For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for PENTASODIUM PENTETATE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Studies in animals and humans showed that Ca-DTPA binds endogenous metals of the body (i.e., zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg) and manganese (Mn)). In an animal study, high doses of Ca-DTPA led to the loss of zinc and manganese mainly from the small intestine, skeleton, pancreas, and testes. Dosing over several days resulted in mobilization or binding of endogenous metals in exchange for calcium and a consequent impairment of metalcontrolled or activated systems. The rate and amount of endogenous metal depletion increased with split daily dosing and with the length of treatment. Depletion of these endogenous metals can interfere with necessary mitotic cellular processes. Over longer time periods, depletion of zinc due to Ca-DTPA therapy may result in transient inhibition of a metalloenzyme-daminolevulinic acid dehydrase (ALAD) in the blood and suppressed hematopoiesis. /Ca-DTPA/|In the event of injury accompanied by radioactive contamination of the wound...it is better to refrain from washing the wound with complexing (chelating) solutions.../such as/ DTPA, for they intensify absorption of radioactive substances into the blood.|Serum electrolytes and essential metals should be closely monitored during Ca-DTPA treatment. Mineral or vitamin plus mineral supplements that contain zinc should be given as appropriate. /Ca-DTPA/|Multiple doses of Ca-DTPA could result in an increased risk for adverse reproductive outcomes and thus are not recommended during pregnancy. Therefore, treatment of pregnant women should begin and continue with Zn-DTPA, if available, except in cases of high internal radioactive contamination. In these cases, the risk of immediate and delayed radiation-induced toxicity to both the mother and the fetus should be considered in comparison to the risk of Ca-DTPA toxicity. Also, because Ca-DTPA is more effective than Zn-DTPA in the first 24 hours after internal contamination, it may be appropriate to use a single dose of Ca-DTPA with vitamin or mineral supplements that contain zinc as the initial treatment. /Ca-DTPA/|For more Drug Warnings (Complete) data for PENTASODIUM PENTETATE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Ca-DTPA is poorly absorbed in the GI tract. In animal studies, after oral administration, absorption was approximately 5%. In a U.S. Registry of 18 patients who received a single inhaled or intravenous dose of 1 gram, urine data indicate that the inhaled product was absorbed and resulted in a comparable elimination of the radiocontaminant. One study of 2 human subjects that received Ca-DTPA with (14)C-DTPA by inhalation revealed approximately 20% absorption from the lungs. /Ca-DTPA/|Following intravenous administration, Ca-DTPA is rapidly distributed throughout the extracellular fluid space. No significant amount of Ca-DTPA penetrates into erythrocytes or other cells. No accumulation of Ca-DTPA in specific organs has been observed. There is little or no binding of the chelating agent by the renal parenchyma. /Ca-DTPA/|Ca-DTPA is cleared from the plasma in the first few hours after dosing through urinary excretion by glomerular filtration. Renal tubular excretion has not been documented. In stool samples tested, only a very small amount of radioactivity (<3%) was detected.|Plasma retention and urinary excretion data were obtained in 2 subjects that received 750 kBq of (14)C-DTPA. The radiolabeled DTPA was rapidly distributed throughout the extracellular fluid space and was cleared by glomerular filtration. The plasma retention up to 7 hours post dosing was expressed by the sum of three exponential components with average half lives of 1.4 min, 14.5 min, and 94.4 min. The level of activity in the plasma was below the limit of detection 24 hours after injection. During the study, no detectable activity was exhaled or excreted in the feces. By 24 hours, cumulative urinary excretion was more than 99% of the injected dose. /DTPA/

Ca-DTPA undergoes a minimal amount of metabolic change in the body. /Ca-DTPA/

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ...Pentasodium pentetate is nonirritating to moderately irritating, but not a sensitizer in clinical tests. A human comedogenicity (acne promotion) test using pentasodium pentetate found no effect ...Overall, these data were considered sufficient to support the safety of pentesodium pentetate ...as used in cosmetics.|/CASE REPORTS/ In previous clinical studies, three deaths were reported in patients with severe hemochromatosis who were treated with daily IM Ca-DTPA dosed up to 4 gram per day to reduce iron stores. One patient became comatose and died after receiving a total of 14 gram Ca-DTPA, and the other two died after two weeks of daily treatment. Causal association with these events and the drug has not been established. /Ca-DTPA/|/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Comparative studies on the translocation and retention of intramuscularly (i.m.) injected thorium nitrate (234Th 46 ng + 232Th 5 microg per rat) in solutions of citrate, CaDTPA or citrate + CaDTPA in rats have been conducted. Results showed that only thorium in mixed-ligand solution was entirely translocated from the muscle, with the greatest part being excreted from the body. In this case, the whole-body retention of thorium decreased to 16% of the injected radioactivity within 2 d, 13% being retained in the skeleton. Studies on the decorporation of 234Th + 232Th nitrates from a rat wound simulated with i.m. injection have also been carried out. The greatest translocation of thorium and its excretion was achieved with a single local injection of the mixed-ligand (citrate + CaDTPA) solution when compared with those of citrate or CaDTPA alone. The efficiency of mixed-ligand treatment decreased with its delay. On day 2 post-therapy, the whole-body content of thorium decreased to 30, 37 and 55% of injected radioactivity when the local treatment started immediately, postponed to 1 h or 24 h, after i.m. injection of thorium, respectively. In control rats without treatment, there was only a slight decrease in the content of thorium in the whole body /CaDTPA/.|/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Ca-DTPA forms stable chelates with metal ions by exchanging calcium for a metal of greater binding capacity. The radioactive chelates are then excreted by glomerular filtration into the urine. In animal studies, Ca-DTPA forms less stable chelates with uranium and neptunium in vivo resulting in the deposition of these elements in tissues including the bone. Ca-DTPA treatments are not expected to be effective for uranium and neptunium. Radioactive iodine is not bound by DTPA. /Ca-DTPA/

Pentetate calcium trisodium injection contains the sodium salt of calcium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate. /Pentetate calcium trisodium/

All other basic organic chemical manufacturing|Glycine, N,N-bis[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl]-, sodium salt (1:5): ACTIVE|Ca-DTPA is distributed by Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) under contract with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23100. ORAU manages the FDA Investigational New Drug (IND) authorizations for Ca-DTPA and the analogous Zn-DTPA for DOE.|CDC has included both Zn- and Ca-DTPA in the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS), a special collection of drugs and medical supplies that CDC keeps to treat people in an emergency.

Cosmetics -> Chelating