 Home > Encyclopedia > Sulphur

Sulphur

Sulphur structure

CAS No:
63705-05-5
Formula:
S
Chemical Name:
Sulphur
Synonyms:
SULFUR ICP STANDARD TRACEABLE TO SRM FRO;TAINFUCHEM: Sulphur
Categories:
Pharmaceutical Intermediates > Bulk Drug Intermediates

Description

Sulfur is a yellow crystalline solid or powder. Often transported in the molten state.

ChEBI: Sulfur atom is a nonmetal atom and a chalcogen. It has a role as a macronutrient.

Widely used in manufacture of sulfuric acid; carbon bisulfide; drugs, fungicides, gunpowder, wood pulp; rubber, and other products.

UN1350 Sulfur, Hazard Class: 4.1; Labels: 4.1-Flammable solid (International). NA1350 Sulfur, Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material (Domestic). UN2448 Sulfur, molten, Hazard Class: 4.1; Labels: 4.1-Flammable solid (International). NA 2448 Sulfur, molten Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material (Domestic).

Salvage for reprocessing or dump to landfill.

Sulphur Basic Attributes

Molecular Weight：

Exact Mass：

33.98770

HScode：

2503000000

Characteristics

PSA：

25.30000

XLogP3：

0.11280

Appearance：

Hydrogen sulfide appears as a colorless gas having a strong odor of rotten eggs. Boiling point -60.2°C. Shipped as a liquid confined under its own vapor pressure. Density (liquid) 8.3 lb / gal. Contact with the unconfined liquid can cause frostbite by evaporative cooling. Gas is very toxic by inhalation. Fatigues the sense of smell which cannot be counted on to warn of the continued presence of the gas. Prolonged exposure of closed containers to heat may result in their violent rupturing and rocketing. Rate of onset: Immediate & Delayed Persistence: Minutes to hours Odor threshold: 0.1 ppm Source/use/other hazard: Disinfectant lubricant/oils; interm for HC manufacture; deadens sense of smell.

Density：

2.1 g/cm³

Melting Point：

112.8-120 °C

Boiling Point：

444.6 °C

Flash Point：

NA (Gas)

Water Solubility：

0.4%

Storage Conditions：

Sulfur dust suspended in air ignites easily. Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame.

Vapor Pressure：

17.6 atm

Vapor Density：

1.09

Flammability characteristics：

Flammable Gas

Explosive limit：

Explosive limits , vol% in air: 3.9-45.5

Odor：

Strong odor of rotten eggs [Note: Sense of smell becomes rapidly fatigued & can NOT be relied upon to warn of the continuous presense of hydrogen sulfide].

Taste：

Sweetish taste

PH：

pH freshly prepared water soln: 4.5

Safety Information

Hazard category：

Transport codes：

1053

hazard class code：

R11;R36

safety instructions：

S16-S26-S36

RTECS Number：

MX1225000

Marks：

F+, T+, N

Storage features：

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants. Cool. Keep in a well-ventilated room. Install continous monitoring system with alarm. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Stability/Shelf Life：

Preparations containing sulfur may react with metals including silver and copper, resulting in discoloration of the metal.

Precautionary statement(s)：

P210, P260, P271, P273, P284, P304+P340, P310, P320, P377, P381, P391, P403, P403+P233, P405, P501

Hazard Statements：

H220

Hazardous Reactivities：

Widely used in manufacture of sulfuric acid; carbon bisulfide; drugs, fungicides, gunpowder, wood pulp; rubber, and other products.

Drug Information

Health Hazards：

Sulfur is present in every cell in the body, primarily in proteins containing the amino acids methionine, cystine, and cysteine. Inorganic sulfates and sulfides occur in small amounts relative to total body sulfur, but the compounds that contain them are important to metabolism. Sulfur intake is thought to be adequate if protein intake is adequate and sulfur deficiency has not been reported.Although sulfur is in the same group of the Periodic Table, Group 16(VIA), as oxygen, sulfur functions much more like phosphorus, Group 15(VA), in biological systems. In fat metabolism, sulfur plays a key role analogous to that of phosphorus in carbohydrate metabolism. Fatty acid synthesis and degradation begin and end with the same compound, acetyl-S coenzyme A (acetyl–SCoA).

Sulphur Use and Manufacturing

Uses

Organic sulfur compounds occur in garlic, mustard, onions, and cabbage and are responsible for the odor of skunks. Sulfur occurs in living tissue and is part of some amino acids. Unlike many other inorganic elements, sulfur itself is relatively nontoxic. Sulfur and some of its salts have been used medicinally. Organosulfur compounds, such as diallyl disulfide, exhibit antiproliferative effects on cancer cells. The consumption of sulfur is a measure of national industrial development and economic activity. Sulfur is most often used as a chemical reagent, rather than as part of a finished product. In the United States,about 90% of sulfur consumed was in the form of sulfuric acid. Agricultural chemicals (primarily fertilizers) comprised about 62% of sulfur demand; petroleum refining, 26%; and metal mining, 5%.

Production

Sulfur (S) occurs naturally as a yellow, water-insoluble solid. The name is from the Latin “sulphur.” Early Greek physicians mention sulfur and the fumes from burning sulfur in religious ceremonies.Sulfur can be extracted from crude oil in the refining process, as well as from stack gases resulting from coal combustion. Sulfur occurs in fossil fuels and in metal (Fe, Pb) ores. The world resources of elemental sulfur in evaporate and volcanic deposits and sulfur associated with natural gas, petroleum, tar sands, and metal sulfides equal about 5 billion ton. The sulfur in gypsum and anhydrite is almost limitless; about 600 billion ton of sulfur is present in coal, oil shale, and shale rich in organic matter. However, recovery of sulfur from these sources poses an economic challenge due to lack of low-cost technologies. The U.S. sulfur resource is estimated at about one-fifth of the world total. Exposure may occur in numerous operations related to the mining and recovery of sulfur.

Drug Function and Efficacy

External use can detoxify, kill insects and relieve itching, while internal use can replenish fire, promote yang and relieve constipation. After processing, the toxicity is reduced and the irritation is alleviated.

This ingredient has been used in drugs with the following functions (note: it does not mean that the ingredient itself has the following health functions)

Related Drugs

Chaoyang Capsule
Ingredients	Nineteen ingredients including astragalus, deer antler powder, sulfur (roasted with tofu), deer antler frost, dried ginger, walnut kernel, gypsum, verdigris, rhubarb, green peel, jujube, and green alum.
Indication	Drug interactions may occur if used with other drugs. Please consult your doctor or pharmacist for details.
Specifications	0.42g per tablet
Manufacturer	Beijing Boran Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Rheumatism and pain relief powder
Ingredients	Raw Sichuan grass, raw grass, Chinese prickly ash, Qianghuo, Duhuo, Fangfeng, Tougucao, ginger stone, safflower, wolfsbane, pinellia, white aconite, Rehmannia root, Cnidium monnieri, Artemisia argyi, horsetail, spruce, gardenia, gall, white mulberry, Sichuan akebia, pig tooth soap, alum
Specifications	450g per bag
Manufacturer	Minsheng Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.

Diamond Plate
Ingredients	Cistanche deserticola (steamed with wine), Eucommia ulmoides (fried with salt water until charcoal), sulfur (processed), Morinda officinalis (fried with salt), lamb kidney, Epimedium, dog kidney (scalded).
Indication	If you are taking other medicines, please consult your physician or pharmacist before using this product.
Specifications	Each substrate weighs 0.35g (equivalent to 0.97g of total medicinal materials)
Manufacturer	Shanxi Weinan Huaren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

See More Related Drugs