Canada Targets 163 Toxic PFAS Chemicals with National Action Plan Starting 2025

Canada has declared a sweeping move to regulate over 160 PFAS chemicals, solidifying its stance as one of the first countries to treat these substances as a single hazardous category. Following extensive public consultations and scientific evaluations, the government has now classified PFAS (excluding fluoropolymers) as toxic under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA).

More than 400 stakeholders contributed to the review process, reflecting high public concern over the widespread use and potential health risks of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). These synthetic compounds, widely used in firefighting foams, consumer goods, and industrial applications, have been linked to long-lasting environmental and health impacts.

Scientific findings show that PFAS substances, even those not yet regulated, may carry similar toxicity profiles. This justifies the government’s category-based approach, designed to prevent manufacturers from substituting banned PFAS with other harmful variants.

Beginning in 2025, Canada will add 163 PFAS chemicals to the National Pollutant Release Inventory, capturing data on those manufactured, processed, or used in quantities above 1 kg. The plan includes a three-stage risk management strategy:

•Stage 1 will prioritize unregulated PFAS in firefighting foams

•Stage 2 targets non-essential PFAS in products such as textiles, waxes, and packaging

•Stage 3 will involve stakeholder engagement for further sector-specific measures

Additionally, Health Canada will implement a final drinking water guideline for PFAS in August 2024, aiming to reduce public exposure, especially in vulnerable communities. Environmental safeguards are also being tightened at contaminated sites and through new standards for biosolid-based fertilizers.

Under the Stockholm Convention, Canada is pressing for global action on PFAS and is already pioneering category-based regulation on the international stage. With these firm steps, Canada is building a comprehensive defense against what’s being called the “forever chemical” threat.