More than 800 people were killed and injured in 35 dangerous chemical accident

At about 18:42 on July 12, 2018, a major explosion occurred in Sichuan Yibin Hengda Science and Technology Co., Ltd., resulting in 19 deaths, 12 injuries and direct economic losses of nearly 40 million yuan. The company originally designed and manufactured 2,000 tons of 5-nitroisophthalic acid and 300 tons of 2-(3-sulfonyl 4-chlorobenzoyl) benzoic acid per year, but according to field investigation, the actual production was imidacloprid (Herbicide) and 1,2,3-triazole (pharmaceutical intermediates). The direct cause of the accident is that Hengda Science and Technology Company mistakenly put sodium chlorate as raw material butylamide into toluene dehydration kettle R301 (volume is 3 cubic meters) in the second workshop during the production of imitobacco. The mixture of sodium chlorate, butylamide and toluene reacts violently under heating conditions, forming a chemical explosion and causing two or three vehicles. Between fires burned.

On July 14, 2007, when the staff of Runfang Special Oil Co., Ltd. in Luoyang City of Henan Province cleaned up the bottom residue of the tank, a poisoning accident occurred, resulting in three deaths and one serious injury. The direct cause of the accident is that the operator violates the operating rules, fails to analyze and detect the gas in the tank, fails to take safety protection measures, and directly enters the tank operation. The rescue workers blindly rescue without taking any safety protection measures, resulting in the expansion of the accident.

On July 16, 2015, the liquefied hydrocarbon spherical tank of Shandong Shida Science and Technology Petrochemical Co., Ltd. leaked and caught fire during the pouring operation, causing explosion, causing minor injuries to two firefighters and causing a direct economic loss of 28.12 million yuan. The direct cause of the accident is that during the process of inverting the tank, the company violated the regulations by replacing the tank with water injection, and no one was on duty during the water cut process, which resulted in the leakage of LPG from the drainage outlet after water drainage, static electricity generated during the leakage process or violent dancing of fire water belt, metal interface and binding wire. Sparks are produced by collision with equipment or PIPES, causing deflagration.

On July 26, 2015, the residual oil/crude oil heat exchanger of atmospheric unit of Qingyang Petrochemical Company of PetroChina leaked and caught fire, resulting in 3 deaths and 4 injuries. The direct cause of the accident is the assembly error of the discharge nozzle plug of the outer cover of the residue/crude oil heat exchanger in the atmospheric pressure unit during the overhaul process, which causes the pipe plug to fall off under high temperature and pressure. The high temperature residue oil (its spontaneous ignition point is 240 C) sprays out instantaneously at about 342 ~346 C, and causes fire when the air ignites spontaneously.

On July 31, 1998, the engineering company of Cangzhou Refinery in Hebei Province suffered asphyxiation accident while repairing the condensate pump of the catalytic unit, resulting in four deaths. At that time, the catalytic plant was temporarily shut down for maintenance. Before maintenance, the construction workers did not check and check the closed state of the valve. Because the entrance and exit valves of the condensate pump were not closed, the materials were not emptied and exhausted, condensate oil sprayed out, forming a white dense fog in the closed pump room, which resulted in asphyxiation accident.

On July 2, 2000, two 500-cubic-meter oil tanks in Hongrun Petrochemical Additive General Plant of Weifang City, Shandong Province, exploded and caught fire, resulting in 10 deaths and a direct economic loss of more than 2 million yuan. The direct cause of the accident is to replace the insertion of blind plate by closing the valve in the ignition operation. The ignition point is not effectively isolated from the production system. The explosive mixture gas in the tank leaks into the pipeline being welded. The open fire of electric welding causes the gas explosion in the pipeline, and then causes the explosion of the mixed gas in the tank.

On July 2, 2017, at 17:00, a high-pressure reactor in Jishan Industrial Park, Pengze County, Jijiang City, Jiangxi Province, exploded, causing three deaths and three injuries. The direct causes of the accident are as follows: the enterprise involves amination reaction, the reaction material is dangerous to ignition and explosion, the cooling failure occurs when the accident occurs, and the safety interlocking device is illegal shut down by the enterprise, a large amount of reaction heat cannot be removed through the cooling medium, and the temperature of the system keeps rising; the reaction product p-nitroaniline is easy to decompose at high temperature, and its conductivity is increased. The explosion is caused by the extremely high temperature and pressure of the system.

On July 7, 2014, a deflagration accident occurred in the chlorobenzene recovery system of the first workshop of the synthesis plant of Qujing Zhongyi Chemical Co., Ltd. in Yunnan Province, which resulted in three deaths, four injuries and a direct economic loss of 5.6 million yuan. The direct causes of the accident are as follows: first, the leakage of AO-heat conducting oil heat exchanger at the bottom of the chlorobenzene recovery tower, the leakage of high temperature heat conducting oil from the tube side into the shell side and the mixture of chlorobenzene residue, the temperature rise in the tower caused by the entry of chlorobenzene recovery tower, and the rapid rise of gasification pressure of residue led to the explosion and combustion of the chlorobenzene recovery tower; second, the installation of temperature control adjustments not in accordance with the design requirements. Throttle valves, only installed in-situ operation of the "cut-off valve", when the recovery tower bottom temperature and pressure abnormal situation and beyond the normal range of process parameters, "cut-off valve" can not automatically adjust and timely control. On July 13, 2016, a major poisoning and asphyxiation accident occurred in an illegal chemical plant located in the west of Jiyi Village, Huangji Township, Yuncheng County, Shandong Province, resulting in 3 deaths and direct economic losses of $190,000. The direct cause of the accident is that in the process of cleaning up the wet residue of rubber accelerator (TETD, tetraethylthio-peroxide dicarbonate diamide), an operator entered the reactor without ventilation replacement, testing and approval, and went into illegal operation without permission. Others at the scene did not take protective measures. Risk into the reactor rescue, resulting in three people due to carbon disulfide