Postmenopausal osteoporosis (POP) is a common disease associated with aging, mainly occurring in postmenopausal women. Due to estrogen deficiency, bone mass decreases and bone tissue structure changes occur, which increases bone brittleness and makes fractures more likely. The pain, bone deformation, complications, and even death caused by fractures seriously affect the physical health and quality of life of the elderly, and even shorten their lifespans, increasing the financial and human burdens on the country and families. Osteoporosis related to menopause has become an important health care issue that cannot be ignored. In 1993, the WHO defined osteoporosis as a disease with systemic bone loss, accompanied by changes in bone microstructure, which leads to increased bone brittleness and thus increased fracture risk. In 2001, the National Institutes of Health consensus meeting proposed that osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by impaired bone strength, which increases the risk of fractures. Bone strength reflects bone density and bone quality. The pathological characteristics of osteoporosis are a proportional decrease in bone mineral content and bone matrix components, thinning of the bone cortex, a decrease and thinning of trabeculae, and, in postmenopausal osteoporosis, trabeculae fracture.