API Florfenicol

Florfenicol More Info

Properties

Florfenicol is a white or off-white crystalline powder, odorless, very slightly soluble in water and chloroform, slightly soluble in glacial acetic acid, and soluble in methanol and ethanol.

Pharmacological Action

Mechanism of Action: Florfenicol is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent of the chloramphenicol class. It exerts its antibacterial effect by inhibiting the activity of peptidyl transferase. It can diffuse into bacterial cells through its liposolubility and mainly acts on the 50S subunit of the bacterial 70S ribosome, inhibiting transpeptidase, blocking the growth of the peptide chain, and thus preventing protein synthesis.

Antibacterial Spectrum: It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, being effective against various Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and mycoplasma. Sensitive bacteria include Haemophilus spp., Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Chlamydia, Leptospira, Rickettsia, etc.

Clinical Applications

In Bovines: It is used for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease associated with Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni, as well as bovine interdigital phlegmon associated with Fusobacterium necrophorum and Prevotella melaninogenica.

In Swine: It is indicated for treating respiratory infections caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Glaesserella parasuis, P. multocida, and Streptococcus suis.

In Poultry: It is used to prevent and treat cholera, white diarrhea in chicks, diarrhea and other diseases caused by Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Pasteurella and other bacteria in poultry.

In Aquaculture: In the United States, it is licensed for the control of enteric septicemia in catfish. It is also used to control mortality in freshwater-reared fish caused by various pathogens.

Dosage Forms and Routes of Administration

Dosage Forms: It is available in various dosage forms such as powders and injections.

Routes of Administration: It can be administered intramuscularly, subcutaneously and orally.

Precautions

Florfenicol may have certain immunosuppressive effects when used at doses higher than recommended.

It should not be used in lactating cows and laying hens.

Do not use it in combination with macrolides or lincomycin, as they may have antagonistic effects.