Magnesium Hydroxide Powder CAS 1309-42-8 USP Grade 99% Purity Fast Ship Raw Bulk

Magnesium Hydroxide More Info

Magnesium hydroxide is an well-tolerated antacid and osmotic laxative whose actions are confined almost entirely to the gastrointestinal tract. When used intermittently and at recommended doses, it presents minimal risk to healthy individuals; caution is required in patients with compromised renal function or concurrent medications sensitive to gastric pH changes.

Mechanism of Action

Acid Neutralization
In the stomach, Mg(OH)₂ reacts exothermically with hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride and water, rapidly raising gastric pH.
Mg(OH)₂ + 2 HCl → MgCl₂ + 2 H₂O

Osmotic Catharsis
The unabsorbed fraction remains in the small intestine and colon, where it increases intraluminal osmotic pressure, drawing water into the bowel lumen and stimulating propulsive motility.

Applications

Antacid therapy: symptomatic relief of hyperacidity, heartburn, and dyspepsia.

Short-term treatment of occasional constipation.

Adjunctive magnesium supplementation in marginal hypomagnesemia.

Industrial uses (flame retardant, wastewater neutralization) are outside the pharmaceutical scope.

Routes of Administration

Oral:

Suspension, chewable tablet, or powder.

Antacid dosing: 5–15 mL (8 % w/v suspension) or 400–800 mg tablets, 1–3 h after meals and at bedtime.

Laxative dosing: 30–60 mL (8 % w/v) or 2–4 g once daily, preferably on an empty stomach.
Courses exceeding 1 week require medical supervision.

Safety & Adverse Effects

Common

Loose stools or mild diarrhea

Abdominal cramping, nausea

Serious (rare)

Hypermagnesemia in renal impairment: muscle weakness, hypotension, bradycardia, respiratory depression

Electrolyte disturbances: hypophosphatemia, hypocalcemia

Precautions

Contraindicated in severe renal failure (GFR < 30 mL/min) unless magnesium is closely monitored.

Reduce dose or avoid in patients on magnesium-restricted diets.

Separate from tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, digoxin, and iron by ≥ 2 h to prevent chelation and reduced absorption.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption & Distribution

Oral bioavailability < 5 %; unabsorbed fraction stays in the GI tract.

Free Mg²⁺ entering systemic circulation is protein-bound (~30 %) and distributes primarily to bone, muscle, and soft tissues.

Metabolism & Excretion

No enzymatic metabolism.

Renal elimination of absorbed magnesium is directly proportional to glomerular filtration; unabsorbed drug is eliminated unchanged in feces.

Plasma half-life of absorbed Mg²⁺ is approximately 4 h in subjects with normal renal function.

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