Magnesium oxide

40.30440

39.98000

215-171-9

0504

DTXSID9049665

White, very fine powder|White powder, either light or heavy depending upon whether it is prepared by heating magnesium carbonate or the basic magnesium carbonate|Colorless, transparent cubic crystals

25199010

17.07000

-0.11880

Magnesium oxide appears as a white solid, often found as a powder. When fine particles of magnesium oxide are dispersed in air, whether directly or when generated by the burning or cutting of magnesium metal, the resulting magnesium oxide fume is an inhalation hazard.

3.58 g/cm³

2800 °C

3600 °C

3600ºC

1.736

H2O: 5 M HCl: 0.1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless | 6.2 mg/L (20 ºC), reacts

Store in a cool, dry place. Keep away from water. Keep containers tightly closed.

0 mmHg (approx)

Noncombustible Solid

Odorless

pH = 10.3 (saturated aqueous solution)

Takes up carbon dioxide and water from air, light form more readily than heavy; combines with water to form magnesium hydroxide; imparts a slight alkaline reaction to water|Moisture sensitive /hygroscopic/|Specific heat: 0.92885 kJ/kg-K at 27 °C; heat of fusion: 77.4 kJ/mol at 2642 °C; heat of formation: -601.7 kJ/mol at 25 °C; free energy of formation: -569.44 kJ/mol at 25 °C; Mohs' hardness: 5.5-6.0|For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for MAGNESIUM OXIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Salts, Basic

Phosphorus pentachloride and magnesium oxide react with brilliant incandescence [Mellor 8:1016. 1946-1947]. The oxide is incompatible with interhalogens such as bromine pentafluoride, etc.

Noncombustible Solid

III

8

UN 1418

1

R20/22

S24/25

OM3850000

Separated from strong acids. Dry. Well closed.

Stable. Incompatible with bromine trifluoride, bromine trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride.

P261, P264, P271, P280, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P337+P313, P403+P233, P405, P501

H319

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Violent reaction with halogens, chlorine trifluoride, bromine pentalfluoride, phosphorous pentachloride, strong acids. May ignite and explode when heated with sublimed sulfur, magnesium powder, or aluminum powder.|Chlorine trifluoride, phosphorus pentachloride.|/Phosphorus pentachloride and magnesium oxide/ ... react with brilliant incandescence.|Violent reaction or ignition on contact with interhalogens (e.g., bromine pentafluoride; chlorine trifluoride). Incandescent reaction with phosphorus pentachloride.|Chlorine trifluoride reacts violently, producing flame, with ... magnesium oxide ... .

Antacid products for over-the-counter (OTC) human use. Magnesium oxide is included on the list of magnesium-containing active ingredients.|Drug products containing certain active ingredients offered over-the-counter (OTC) for certain uses. A number of active ingredients have been present in OTC drug products for various uses, as described below. However, based on evidence currently available, there are inadequate data to establish general recognition of the safety and effectiveness of these ingredients for the specified uses: Magnesium oxide is included in weight control drug products.|Substance added directly to human food affirmed as generally recognized as safe (GRAS).|Magnesium oxide used as a general purpose food additive in animal drugs, feeds, and related products is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice.|Magnesium oxide used as a nutrient and/or dietary supplement in animal drugs, feeds, and related products is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice.

Not combustible.

|Warning|H315 (37.14%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]|P261, P264, P271, P272, P273, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P333+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 1748 companies from 22 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]|P261, P264, P271, P280, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P337+P313, P403+P233, P405, and P501

In case of fire in the surroundings: all extinguishing agents allowed.

Skin: No recommendation is made specifying the need for personal protective equipment for the body. Eyes: No recommendation is made specifying the need for eye protection. Wash skin: No recommendation is made specifying the need for washing the substance from the skin (either immediately or at the end of the work shift). Remove: No recommendation is made specifying the need for removing clothing that becomes wet or contaminated. Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. (NIOSH, 2016)|Respirator Recommendations: Up to 150 mg/cu m: [Table#3437]|Respirator Recommendations: Up to 375 mg/cu m: [Table#3438]|Respirator Recommendations: Up to 750 mg/cu m: [Table#3439]|Respirator Recommendations: Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions: [Table#3440]|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for MAGNESIUM OXIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.|(See protection codes)

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Irritates the eyes and respiratory tract. Magnesium in the form of nascent magnesium oxide can cause metal fume fever with cough, chest pain, and flu like fever, if inhaled in sufficient quantity. The symptoms of metal fume fever may be delayed for 4-12 hr following exposure.|Examination of 95 workers exposed to an unspecified concentration of MgO dust revealed slight iritation of the eyes and nose. ... Conjunctivitis, nasal catarrh, and coughing up discolored sputum /was cited/ after industrial exposures, but even when such exposures doubled serum magnesium as compared to normal concentrations, no systematic effects were noted amoung these workers; however, serum calcium concentrations were elevated.

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8 hour Time Weighted Avg: 15 mg/cu m (total particulate). /Magnesium oxide fume/

After reviewing available published literature, NIOSH provided comments to OSHA on August 1, 1988, regarding the "Proposed Rule on Air Contaminants" (29 CFR 1910, Docket No. H-020) ... At that time, NIOSH also conducted a limited evaluation of the literature and concluded that the documentation cited by OSHA was inadequate to support the proposed PEL (as an 8-hour TWA) of 10 mg/cu m for ... magnesium oxide fume ... .

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting.

Separated from strong acids. Dry. Well closed.

A nuisance-causing concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed.

May cause mechanical irritation.

Lungs may be affected by repeated or prolongated exposure to dust particles.

NO contact with strong acids.

PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST!

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

SEDIMENT: Sediment from three Antarctic lakes (collected in 1993/94) contained between 3,350 to 5,240 mg/kg dry wt magnesium(1). The mean concentration of magnesium (as MgO) in surficial sediment from Lake Ontario ranged from 2.79 to 2.85% dry weight(2). In Po river (Italy) suspended solids collected in 1989, the concentration of magnesium was 1.8%(3).

...The intratracheal admin of /magnesium/ oxide inhibited lung tumor formation by /benzo(a)pyrene and diethylnitrosamine/.|... A phase I/II study /was conducted/ in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to increase the therapeutic index of the cisplatin-irinotecan combination by institution of an anti-late-diarrheal program (ADP). A total of 77 chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced NSCLC were enrolled. The cisplatin dose was fixed at 60 mg /per/ sq m (Day 1). Irinotecan was escalated in 5 mg /sq m increments, starting from 60 mg/ sq m (Days 1 and 8). ADP consisted of oral sodium bicarbonate, magnesium oxide, basic water, and ursodeoxycholic acid, and was administered orally for 4 days with each dose of irinotecan. In the phase I portion, irinotecan pharmacokinetics was also examined. After the recommended dose of irinotecan with ADP was determined, a phase II study was conducted to evaluate the response. Maximum tolerated dose was reached at an irinotecan dose of 80 mg sq m (Grade 4 diarrhoea and neutropenia). Pharmacokinetic studies show that the maximum concentration and the area under the curve of both irinotecan and SN38 (active metabolite of irinotecan) tend to increase in the dose-dependent manner of irinotecan. The phase II portion of the study included 48 patients, who were treated with 75 mg/sq m of irinotecan. Grade 3/4 toxicities included neutropenia in 65%, leucopenia in 33%, and late diarrhea in 6% of the patients. During this treatment, PS did not change in 65% of patients. At the end of the chemotherapy, PS did not decline in 90% of patients. In the phase II portion, a response occurred in 63% (95% confidential interval (CI), 47-76%) of patients. Median time to progression was 19 weeks (95% CI, 15-22 weeks), and median survival was 52 weeks (95% CI, 39-64 weeks). This regimen of irinotecan and cisplatin with ADP resulted in promising efficacy with acceptable toxicity for patients with advanced NSCLC.|Experiments carried out on C57 BL mice showed marked changes in the acid base balance of animals exposed to chamber magnesite dust inhalation which simultaneously received per os pharmacological doses of sodium salicylate ... Exposed animals had permanently higher urine pH values resulting in impaired formation and secretion of salicylic acid ... Free salicylic acid was accumulated in the liver, and partially, spleen.|Syrian golden hamsters, 48 animals/group, were administered magnesium oxide by intratracheal instillation at 3 mg/wk for life. Particle size was 90%<25 um, 46%<10 um, 18%<5 um, and 1%<1 um. Necropsy of each lobe of the lung, larynx, trachea, and stem bronchi showed slight metaplasia in the tracheobronchial zone and moderate hyperplasia of the alveolar zone. Benzo[a]pyrene (1 mg/wk) administered in combination with magnesium oxide (2 mg/wk) produced similar premalignant lesions as well as squamous tumors in the upper respiratory tract. In contrast, benzo[a]pyrene administered in combination with talc (64-66% SiO2; 34-36% MgO) produced adenocarcinomas in the lower respiratory tract.

LD50 Rat female oral 3990 mg/kg|LD50 Rat male oral 3870 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse oral 810 mg/kg

/ACCIDENTAL POISONINGS/ Holstein bull calves were fed 1, 2, and 4% supplemental Mg as magnesium oxide. Diarrhea was most obvious effect of high Mg intake.

Magnesium oxide occurs in nature as the mineral periclase(1).

The production and use of magnesium compounds as refractories, as chemical intermediates, and in construction materials(1,2) result in their release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). The production and use of magnesium compounds in environmental applications and in agriculture(1,2) results in their direct release to the environment(SRC). About 69% of the magnesium compounds used in the United States were used for refractories (e.g., olivine)(1). The remaining 31% of magnesium compounds were used in agriculture as fertilizer or animal feed (e.g, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulfate), as chemical intermediates (e.g., magnesium chloride, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide) , construction materials (e.g., magnesium oxide), environmental (e.g., magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide), and industrial applications (e.g., magnesium oxide)(1,2). Other uses include road dust and ice control (e.g., magnesium chloride), pulp and paper applications (e.g.,magnesium sulfate), pharmaceuticals (e.g., magnesium sulfate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide), and cosmetics (e.g., magnesium carbonate)(1,2).

According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use of magnesium oxide is 1000 or greater; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).|NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 765,812 workers (149,523 of these are female) are potentially exposed to manganese oxide in the US(1).|Concentration of MgO sufficiently great to cause metal-fume fever have not been encountered in air of melting room, which has been reported to contain between 0.08 & 0.7 mg/cu m...

Antacids; Cathartics|Antacid; relieves acid indigestion, upset stomach|Medication (Vet): For oral administration as an aid in the treatment of digestive disturbances requiring an antacid or a mild laxative in cattle.|A 14-yr-old female underwent exploratory laparotomy for an abdominal mass, and a diagnosis of Burkitt's lymphoma was made. Postoperatively, she was started on large-dose methotrexate. She developed tumor lysis syndrome and subsequent renal failure, for which she was placed on hemodialysis. ... She started having a burning sensation in her soles and palm 3 days after initiation of methotrexate treatment. The pain management service was consulted, and her Faces pain scale score was noted to be 4/5 and her visual analog scale score was 8/10. She was started on IV fentanyl patient-controlled analgesia. Despite escalating adjustments to her dose, she continued to have severe pain with mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia. ... The addition of an N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA)-receptor antagonist was considered and oral magnesium oxide 100 mg was administered once a day. Two days later, with no further escalation of her fentanyl patientcontrolled analgesia, her symptoms were significantly improved. Her visual analog scale score improved to 3/10 and her Faces pain scale score was 2/5. There were no side effects, including diarrhea, from the use of magnesium. The burning sensation decreased and her allodynia and hyperalgesia diminished. She was weaned off the fentanyl and discharged home on oral opioids and magnesium oxide. ...|For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for MAGNESIUM OXIDE (18 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Magnesium-containing antacids commonly cause a laxative effect and frequent administration of these antacids alone often cannot be tolerated; repeated doses cause diarrhea which may cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances. ... /Magnesium containing antacids/|In patients with severe renal impairment, hypermagnesemia characterized by hypotension, nausea, vomiting, ECG changes, respiratory or mental depression, and coma has occurred after administration of magnesium-containing antacids. Magnesium-containing antacids should not be administered in patients with renal failure, and antacid products containing more than 50 mEq of magnesium in the recommended daily dosage should be used cautiously and only under the supervision of a physician who should monitor electrolytes in patients with renal disease. /Magnesium containing antacids/

3= MODERATELY TOXIC: PROBABLE ORAL LETHAL DOSE (HUMAN) 0.5-5 G/KG, BETWEEN 1 OZ OR 1 PINT (OR 1 LB) FOR 70 KG PERSON (150 LB) (based on data described by authors as obviously inadequate).

Substances that counteract or neutralize acidity of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. (See all compounds classified as Antacids.)

The elimination of magnesite dust /(MgO 88.52%, Fe2O3 7.57%, CaO 2.74%, Al2O3 0.49%, SiO2 0.68%)/ from the lung was examined on Wistar rats after a single exposure (6 hr) and repeated exposure to dust (200 hr) ... After a single exposure magnesite dust was eliminated as the silica dust with an intermediate fibrogenic effect, 41% of deposited dust being eliminated. Following long-term exposure, the ability to eliminate dust diminished by 20.1% ...Serum magnesium increased moderately during exposure and returned to the initial level 25 days after the end of the exposure. There was a significant increase in magnesium excretion with urine. The findings showed that inhaled dust was gradually dissolved in the body. The magnesium content was evaluated in the reticuloendothelial organs (liver and spleen) 25 days after the last exposure and was found to increase by 20.1% in the spleen and by 15.6% in the liver. A concomitant histological exam of internal organs confirmed that the dust was retained in the lungs (without fibrotic changes), that particles were present in the spleen (sinusoid macrophages) and that the red pulp was hemorrhagic. No signs of pulmonary fibrosis were found even after 6 months after the last exposure. Dust particles were found in thickened interalveolar septa and macrophages. Proliferative histiocytic elements with particles present were found in the subcapsular sinuses and medulla of hilus lymphatic nodes. The findings showed that magnesite dust was eliminated by both blood and lymph. /Magnesite dust/|INSOLUBLE COMPOUND SUCH AS MgO ARE RETAINED FOR A LONGER PERIOD... MAGNESIUM IS RETAINED IN SKELETON, MUSCLE, AND SOFT TISSUE.|This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of the large intestine to absorb calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) from their sparingly water-soluble salts, and also to determine whether fructooligosaccharides (FOS) stimulate the absorption of these minerals in rat large intestine in vivo. Rats were fed Ca- and Mg-free diets with and without 5% FOS. An aqueous suspension of CaCO3 and MgO was infused into the stomach via a gastric tube or into the cecum via an implanted catheter. Coprophagy was prevented by using wire-mesh anal cups throughout the experiment so as to exclude the re-ingestion of feces as an oral mineral source. In rats fed an FOS-free diet, the absorption degrees of Ca and Mg infused into the cecum were the same as those infused into the stomach. The absorption degree of phosphorus (P) was slightly but significantly higher in rats with the infusion of Ca and Mg into the cecum than in rats with the infusion of Ca and Mg into the stomach. FOS-feeding increased the absorption of Mg to a similar extent in either case of infusion via cecal and oral routes, while FOS-feeding did not increase the absorption of Ca in rats with infusion of Ca and Mg into the cecum. /Researchers/ ... concluded that both CaCO3 and MgO are absorbed in the large intestine, and ... ascertained that the increasing effect of FOS on the absorption of Mg took place mainly in the large intestine.

TRACE IMPURITIES: NaCl, KCl, NaF

Exposure Routes: inhalation, skin and/or eye contact Symptoms: Irritation eyes, nose; metal fume fever: cough, chest pain, flu-like fever Target Organs: Eyes, respiratory system (NIOSH, 2016)

Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible. (NIOSH, 2016)|(See procedures)

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible).

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Magnesium and Related Compounds/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . /Magnesium and Related Compounds/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Magnesium and Related Compounds/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell and cytokine concentrations, pulmonary function, and peripheral blood neutrophil concentrations /were quantified/ in 6 healthy volunteers 18-20 hr after inhalation of fine and ultrafine magnesium oxide particles produced from a furnace system model. ...Postexposure studies /were compared/ with control studies from the same 6 subjects. Mean +/- standard deviation (SD) cumulative magnesium dose was 4,138 +/- 2,163 min x mg/cu m. By weight, 28% of fume particles were ultrafine (<0.1 micron in diameter) and over 98% of fume particles were fine (<2.5 micron in diameter). There were no significant differences in BAL inflammatory cell concentrations, BAL interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor, pulmonary function, or peripheral blood neutrophil concentrations postexposure compared with control. ... /These/ findings suggest that high-dose fine and ultrafine magnesium oxide particle exposure does not produce a measurable pulmonary inflammatory response. These findings are in marked contrast with the well-described pulmonary inflammatory response following zinc oxide particle inhalation. ... /It was concluded/ that fine and ultrafine particle inhalation does not result in toxicity in a generic manner independent of particle composition.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Ambient air particulates derived from a magnesite-processing plant contain magnesium oxide (85-90%), iron oxide (7-8%), calcium oxide (about 2.5-3%), Al- and Si oxides (0.1-0.5%) as well as additional elements in trace amounts as follows: Ni, Cr, Mn, Co, Hg, Cd, Pb, V, Ba, Ag, Cu and Sn. Magnesite clinker is manufactured from raw magnesite by baking in rotary furnaces using the Leseps-Polysius system, which represents the source of particulate pollutants entering the atmosphere. In the area heavily polluted by magnesite particles, the health impact using the data obtained from the exposed humans and animals was assessed. The reason for this study were the data on the increased frequency of respiratory diseases in children in the polluted area. In a group of children (9-10 years of age) residing in the area, the immune response to ambient air pollutants exposure in comparison to a non-exposed group living outside the polluted area was investigated. A statistically significant decrease in the amount of salivary lysozyme, SlgA, IgG and albumin in the exposed group was observed. ...|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Examination of 95 workers exposed to an unspecified concentration of MgO dust revealed slight irritation of the eyes and nose. ... Conjunctivitis, nasal catarrh, and coughing up discolored sputum /was cited/ after industrial exposures, but even when such exposures doubled serum magnesium as compared to normal concentrations, no systematic effects were noted amoung these workers; however, serum calcium concentrations were elevated.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ... Four volunteers ...were exposed for 1-9 min to freshly generated /magnesium oxide/ fume at 410, 420, 430, or 580 mg/cu m. Although slight reactions were observed after <10 min of exposure at these concns, it was believed that increased exposures would lead to more severe reactions. Inhalation of magnesium oxide produced a febrile reaction and a leukocytosis, similar to metal fume fever, in the exposed subjects analogous to that caused by inhalation of zinc oxide.|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for MAGNESIUM OXIDE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Magnesia

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of dust or fume.|inhalation, skin and/or eye contact

irritation eyes, nose; metal fume fever: cough, chest pain, flu-like fever

Cough.

Redness.

Eyes, respiratory system

20% IS USED IN CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING; 18% IN ANIMAL FEED AND FERTILIZER; 16% FOR MEDICINALS, INSULATION AND WALLBOARD, FLUX, AND PETROLEUM ADDITIVES; 14% FOR OXYCHLORIDE AND OXYSULFATE CEMENT; 12% FOR PULP AND PAPER MANUFACTURING; 6% AS A RUBBER ACCELERATOR; 4% USED IN FOODS; 2% IN ELECTRICAL HEATING RODS; 8% FOR UNSPECIFIED USES (1972)|CHEMICAL GRADE ONLY-DERIVATIVE: ANIMAL FEEDS AND FERTILIZERS, 35%; MEDICINALS, SUGAR & WINE MAKING, 4%; CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS, 5%; PULP, PAPER AND RAYON, 18%; RUBBER, 8%; PETROLEUM ADDITIVES, 15%; MISC, 15% (1981)|/MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS/ PRODUCTION OF BASIC REFRACTORIES USED IN HIGH-TEMP METALLURGICAL FURNACES, 80%; AND PREP OF CAUSTIC CALCINED & SPECIFIED MAGNESIA, 20% (1985)

The principal commercial forms of magnesia are dead-burned magnesia (periclase), caustic-calcined (light-burned magnesia), hard-burned magnesia, and calcined dolomite.|Table: Magnesium Oxide Preparations [Table#3442]

Adhesive manufacturing|Magnesium oxide (MgO): ACTIVE|Available in a very bulky form termed "Light" or in a dense form termed "Heavy"|Light magnesia is preferable to heavy for admin in liquids because, being finer powder, it suspends more readily.|ASBESTOS.../CONTAINS/ SILICA AND MAGNESIUM OXIDE IN LARGE AMT AND TRACES OF IRON, CHROMIUM, CADMIUM, AND ZINC...|Two forms are produced, one a light, fluffy material prepared by a relatively low-temperature dehydration of the hydroxide, the other a dense material mede by high-temperature furnacing of the oxide after it has been formed from the carbonate or hydroxide. /periclase/

EPA Safer Chemical Functional Use Classes -> Processing Aids and Additives|Safer Chemical Classes -> Green circle - The chemical has been verified to be of low concern|Cosmetics -> Absorbent; Buffering; Opacifying

Food Additives -> ANTICAKING_AGENT;