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Methyl iodide

Methyl iodide structure

CAS No:
74-88-4
Formula:
CH3I
Chemical Name:
Methyl iodide
Synonyms:
Methane,iodo-;Iodomethane;Methyl iodide;Methyl iodide (CH3I);Monoiodomethane;NSC 9366;Ioguard;147937-07-3;1173018-72-8;1519044-66-6
Categories:
Organic Chemistry > Hydrocarbons and Derivatives

Description

Iodomethane is also commonly called methyl iodide. It is a volatile liquid related to methane by replacement of hydrogen. Iodomethane is miscible with common organic solvents. It is colourless, although upon exposure to light, samples develop a purplish tinge. Iodomethane (methyl iodide) is widely used in organic synthesis to deliver a methyl group, via the transformation called methylation.[1]

Iodomethane(also known as methyl iodide), is a kind of alkyl halide. It is naturally emi

Methyl iodide, also called iodomethane, and commonly abbreviated "MeI", is the chemical compound with the formula CH3I. It is a dense, colorless, volatile liquid. In terms of chemical structure, it is related to methane by replacement of one hydrogen atom by an atom of iodine. It is naturally emitted by rice plantations in small amounts. It is also produced in vast quantities estimated to be greater than 214,000 tons annually by algae and kelp in the world's temperate oceans, and in lesser amounts on land by terrestrial fungi and bacteria. It is used in organic synthesis as a source of methyl groups.

Methyl iodide Basic Attributes

Molecular Weight：

141.94

Exact Mass：

141.94

BRN：

969135

EC Number：

200-819-5

HScode：

2903399030

Characteristics

PSA：

XLogP3：

1.51

Appearance：

Clear Liquid

Density：

2.28 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

Melting Point：

-66.5 °C

Boiling Point：

42.5 °C

Flash Point：

−18 °F

Refractive Index：

1.528

Water Solubility：

H2O: 14 g/L (20 ºC)

Storage Conditions：

Store at 0°C

Vapor Pressure：

24.09 psi ( 55 °C)

Vapor Density：

4.89 (vs air)

Toxicity：

Inhalation-rat LC50: 1300 mg/m3/4 hours; peritoneal-mouse LD50: 172 mg/kg

Flammability characteristics：

High thermal decomposition of toxic iodide gas

Explosive limit：

vol% in air: 8.5 66%

Odor：

Pungent, ether-like odor.

Safety Information

Packing level：

Hazard category：

6.1

Transport codes：

UN 2644 6.1/PG 1

wgk germany：

hazard class code：

21-23/25-37/38-40-11-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-38-20/22

safety instructions：

36/37-38-45-9-24-16-7-60-36/37/39-33-23-20-4

RTECS Number：

PA9450000

Marks：

T,F,Xn

Storage features：

Treasury is ventilated at low temperature and dry; stored separately from oxidants and food additives

Stability/Shelf Life：

COLORLESS LIQUID THAT TURNS YELLOW, RED OR BROWN WHEN EXPOSED TO LIGHT & MOISTURE.

Precautionary statement(s)：

P261-P280-P301 + P310-P311

Hazard Statements：

H301-H312-H315-H331-H335-H351

RIDADR：

UN 2644

Caution Statement：

P261; P280; P301 + P310; P311

Toxicity

Toxicity class：

highly toxic

Methyl iodide Use and Manufacturing

Methods of Manufacturing

By halogenated dimethyl sulfate. Add water, potassium iodide, and calcium carbonate to the reaction pot in sequence, and stir to heat to completely dissolve the potassium iodide. The temperature is raised to 60-65°C, dimethyl sulfate is added dropwise, the generated methyl iodide is gradually distilled out, the distillate is collected, and the water layer is separated into methyl iodide. For further purification, it can be dried over anhydrous calcium chloride, and a few grains of potassium iodide can be added for distillation, and the fraction at 41-43°C can be collected with a yield of about 90%.

Uses

Methylating agent; in microscopy because of its high refractive index; as imbedding material for examining diatoms; in testing for pyridine.Light sensitive etching agent for electronic circuits; component in fire extinguishers.

Analysis Methods

Name	Column Shape	Active Phase(℃)	Retention index	Temperature Control	Method	Comments	Reference
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Packed	OV-1	523.	100.	isothermal	He, Chromosorb W DMCS; Column length: 3. m	Castello, G.Gerbino, T.C.Effect of Temperature on the Gas Chromatographic Separation of Halogenated Compounds on Polar and Non-Polar Stationary PhasesJ. Chromatogr.1988, 437, 33-45.
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Packed	OV-1	528.	125.	isothermal	He, Chromosorb W DMCS; Column length: 3. m	Castello, G.Gerbino, T.C.Effect of Temperature on the Gas Chromatographic Separation of Halogenated Compounds on Polar and Non-Polar Stationary PhasesJ. Chromatogr.1988, 437, 33-45.
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Packed	OV-1	518.	75.	isothermal	He, Chromosorb W DMCS; Column length: 3. m	Castello, G.Gerbino, T.C.Effect of Temperature on the Gas Chromatographic Separation of Halogenated Compounds on Polar and Non-Polar Stationary PhasesJ. Chromatogr.1988, 437, 33-45.
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Packed	Apolane	528.6	70.	isothermal	He, Chromosorb; Column length: 2.4 m	Riedo, F.Fritz, D.Tarján, G.Kováts, E.Sz.A tailor-made C87 hydrocarbon as a possible non-polar standard stationary phase for gas chromatographyJ. Chromatogr.1976, 126, 63-83.
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Packed	Squalane	502.	27.	isothermal	He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm	Hively, R.A.Hinton, R.E.Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substratesJ. Gas Chromatogr.1968, 6, 4, 203-217.

Computed Properties

Molecular Weight:141.939
XLogP3:1.5
Exact Mass:141.92795
Monoisotopic Mass:141.92795
Heavy Atom Count:2
Complexity:2
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes

Synthesis Route

201230-82-2

71636-07-2

Material

Calcium chloride

Calcium carbonate

Chlorotrimethylsilane

Potassium iodide

Downstream Products

Clarithromycin

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CAS No.: 74-88-4

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