Amyl acetate

130.18

130.18

1744753

211-047-3

92Q24NH7AS

0218

7923

1104

DTXSID1027263

Colorless liquid

29153930

26.30000

2.30

White Powder

0.8756 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

-70.8 °C

149.2 °C @ Press: 760 Torr

75 °F

1.406

H2O: 10 g/L (20 ºC)

Flammables area

4 mm Hg ( 20 °C)

4.5 (vs air)

Oral-rat LD50: 6500 mg/kg; inhalation-rat LCL0: 27.3 g/m3

Flammable; burning produces irritating fumes

1.1-7.5%(V)

Persistent banana-like odor

7.55e-12 cm3/molecule*sec

3.88e-04 atm-m3/mole|Henry's Law constant = 3.88X10-4 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C

1 PPM IS EQUIVALENT TO 5.32 MG/CU M|Evaporation rate at 95 °F: 50% in 15.5 minutes; 95% in 40 minutes /90-95% grade/|7.22 lb = weight per gal at 20 °C; acidity (as acetic) = 0.035% by wt, max /90-95% grade/|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 7.55X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C

Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.

Esters, Sulfate Esters, Phosphate Esters, Thiophosphate Esters, and Borate Esters

Highly Flammable

AMYL ACETATE is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. This compound is incompatible with the following: Nitrates; strong oxidizers, alkalis & acids (NIOSH, 2016).

Amyl Acetate|D*: Other compounds that may form peroxides|0 ppm, >9 yrs|Management of time-sensitive chemicals (JCHAS)

680 °F (USCG, 1999)|680 °F (360 °C)|360 °C

Lower flammable limit: 1.1% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 7.5% by volume|Class IC Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. at or above 73°F and below 100°F.

The vapour is heavier than air.

38.42 kJ/mol at bp; 48.56 kJ/mol at 25 °C

Critical temperature: 600 K; critical pressure: 2.79 MPa

III

3

UN 1104 3/PG 3

3

10-66

23-25-24/25

AJ1925000

Xi

Treasury is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored and transported separately from oxidant

When there is flame or heat, steam can explode; steam and air can explode when mixed; can react with oxidant

Stability during transport: stable

P273

H226-H412

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|1. By absorbing it in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar material. 2. By atomizing in a suitable combustion chamber.|SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.|Amyl acetate is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration.|The following wastewater treatment technology has been investigated for amyl acetate (primary): Activated carbon.

Nitrates; strong oxidizers, alkalis and acids.|Can react with oxidizing materials.

Amyl acetate is a indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives.

Dutch expert committee for occupational standards. Health-based recommended occupational exposure limits for amylacetate. Directorate General of Labor, the Netherlands; RA 4/90; 17p (1990). In evaluating the health risk in exposure to amyl acetates, the Group of Experts decided to consider amyl ecatate and its isomers to have the same spectrum of toxicity: the compounds have the same target organ, ie the mucosal membranes of the upper respiratory tract, the eyes, and the central nervous system.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. (ERG, 2016)|Flammable. Above 25 °C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed.|Flammable - 3rd degree

|Warning|H226 (99.96%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P280, P303+P361+P353, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 2378 companies from 14 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.|H226 (100%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]|Aggregated GHS information provided by 155 companies from 3 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.|H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]|Danger|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P314, P332+P313, P337+P313, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2016)

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard(i.e. for liquids with flash point Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. (NIOSH, 2016)|Air-supplied mask or chemical cartridge respirator, protective gloves, goggles, safety shower, and eye bath.|Some data (usually from immersion tests) suggesting breakthrough times /for nitrile rubber/ greater than one hour are not likely.|Some data suggesting breakthrough times /for polyvinyl alcohol/ of approximately an hour or more.|Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for N-AMYL ACETATE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.|(See protection codes)

Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame ... .

Lower explosive limit: 1.1 %; Upper explosive limit: 7.5%|Explosive limits , vol% in air: 1.1-7.5

To fight fire, use alcohol foam, dry chemical.|If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Amyl acetates/

Vapors may travel long distances to ignition sources and flashback. Vapors in confined areas may explode when exposed to fire.

1) Remove all ignition sources. 2) Ventilate area of spill or leak. 3) For small quantities, absorb on paper towels. Evaporate in a safe place (such as a fume hood). Allow sufficient time for evaporating vapors to completely clear ductwork. Burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be collected and atomized in a suitable combustion chamber. n-Amyl acetate should not be allowed to enter confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of explosion.|Environmental considerations: Air spill - Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. /Amyl acetates/|Environmental considerations: Water spill - Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel. Use surface active agent (e.g., detergent, soaps, alcohols), if approved by EPA. Inject "universal" gelling agent to solidify encircled spill and increase effectiveness of booms. If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount. Remove trapped material with suction hoses. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. /Amyl acetates/|Environmental considerations: Land spill - Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Apply appropriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard. /Amyl acetates/

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. /Amyl acetates/|... Wash promptly when skin is wet or contaminated. Remove clothing immediately if wet or contaminated to avoid flammability hazard. /Amyl acetates/|Areas in which amyl acetate is handled should be provided with adequate ventilation so that concn of vapor may not exceed 200 ppm.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for N-AMYL ACETATE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. /Amyl acetates/|/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Amyl acetates/|/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /Amyl acetates/|/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. /Amyl acetates/|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for N-AMYL ACETATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

... At 300 ppm in air is noticeably irritating to eyes. At higher concn it causes a burning sensation in the eyes ... .|A human eye irritant.

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 100 ppm (525 mg/cu m).

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10-hour Time-Weighted Average: 100 ppm (525 mg/cu m).

Remove all ignition sources. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Fireproof. Separated from oxidants.

A harmful contamination of the air will be reached rather slowly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Exposure at high levels could cause lowering of consciousness.

The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Above 25 °C use a closed system, ventilation and explosion-proof electrical equipment.

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Amyl acetates are produced, as an intermediate or final product, by process units covered under this subpart. /Amyl acetates/

| 1 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause significant irritation.| 3 - Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Materials produce hazardous atmospheres with air under almost all ambient temperatures or, though unaffected by ambient temperatures, are readily ignited under almost all conditions.| 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 5000 lb or 2270 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

n-Amyl acetate has been detected in effluent originating from the explosives industry (26 ppm) and of the porcelain/enameling industry (31 ppm)(1).

practically nontoxic

LD50 Rat female oral 17250 mg/kg bw /Primary Amyl Acetate (mixed isomers): 65% 1-pentyl acetate and 35% 2-methyl-1-butyl acetate/|LD50 Rat female oral 12306 mg/kg bw /Primary Amyl Acetate (mixed isomers): 65% 1-pentyl acetate and 35% 2-methyl-1-butyl acetate/|LD50 Rat male oral >14064 mg/kg bw /Primary Amyl Acetate (mixed isomers): 65% 1-pentyl acetate and 35% 2-methyl-1-butyl acetate/|LD50 Rabbit female dermal >14080 mg/kg bw /Primary Amyl Acetate (mixed isomers): 65% 1-pentyl acetate and 35% 2-methyl-1-butyl acetate/|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for N-AMYL ACETATE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

... Occurs naturally in various fruit, such as volatile aroma of banana oil, where it is biosynthesized from L-leucine. ... Has been identified in yeasts, liquors, & in the alarm system for the honeybee's defense.|OCCURS IN PEARS AND CONTRIBUTES TO THEIR SCENT.|n-Amyl acetate occurs in fruits(1-2) and may be released into the environment as a plant volatile(SRC).

n-Amyl acetate's production and use as a solvent for lacquers and paints; in the extraction of penicillin; in photographic film; in leather polishes; in nail polish; as a warning odor; as a flavoring agent; in printing and finishing fabrics; and in solvent for phosphors in fluorescent lamps(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 34(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that n-amyl acetate is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of n-amyl acetate from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a reported Henry's Law constant of 3.88X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(3). n-Amyl acetate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 3.5 mm Hg at 25 °C(4). Biodegradation is expected to occur based upon a 5-day theoretical BOD of 31% using an acclimated mixed culture(5).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 34(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that n-amyl acetate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a reported Henry's Law constant of 3.88X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 6 hours and 5.3 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 15(SRC), from its log Kow of 2.3(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation is expected to occur based upon 5-day theoretical BODs of 64% in fresh water and 35% in salt water(8) and a freshwater biodegradation half-life of 10 days determined from a river die-away test(9). Hydrolysis is expected to occur slowly based upon estimated hydrolysis half-lives of 2 years and 78 days at pH 7 and 8, respectively(10).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), n-amyl acetate, which has a vapor pressure of 3.5 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase n-amyl acetate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 51 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 7.55X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). n-Amyl acetate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of n-amyl acetate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been reported as 7.55X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 51 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 0.10 L/mole-sec(SRC) was estimated using a structure estimation method(2); this corresponds to half-lives of 2 years and 78 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(2). n-Amyl acetate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 15 was calculated in fish for n-amyl acetate(SRC), using a log Kow of 2.3(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of n-amyl acetate can be estimated to be 34(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that n-amyl acetate is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for n-amyl acetate is reported as 3.88X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that n-amyl acetate is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 6 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 5.3 days(SRC). n-Amyl acetate's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). n-Amyl acetate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 3.5 mm Hg(3).

DRINKING WATER: In a survey of drinking water in the United Kingdom, n-amyl acetate was detected in the drinking water in one of 14 treatment plants tested(1). The source of water for this plant was groundwater(1).

n-Amyl acetate was identified, not quantified, in nectarines(1) apples(2,3) and kiwi fruit(4). n-Amyl acetate was identified, not quantified, in the volatile component of baked potatoes(5) and fried chicken(6).

According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Report, the number of workers reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use for n-amyl acetate is 100 to 999 persons; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).|NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 265,437 workers (91,128 of these were female) were potentially exposed to n-amyl acetate in the US(1). Occupational exposure to n-amyl acetate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where n-amyl acetate is produced or used(SRC). Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to n-amyl acetate via ingestion of food (mostly fruits that naturally contain n-amyl acetate) and drinking water(SRC).

n-Amyl acetate was identified, not quantified, in human adipose tissue(1).

Medication: n-amyl acetate serves therapeutically as an anti-inflammatory agent ... .

Irritation of eyes, nose and throat. Dizziness, nausea, headache. (USCG, 1999)

Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, flush the contaminated skin with water promptly. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water promptly. If irritation persists after washing, get medical attention. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2016)|(See procedures)

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Esters and related compounds/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Provide a low-stimulus environment. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Treat frostbite by rapid rewarming ... . /Esters and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Esters and related compounds/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Male and female human volunteer subjects were exposed for 3 to 5 minutes to different concentrations of amyl acetate vapor (identity of actual isomer not specified). Following each exposure, subjects classified the degree of irritation of the eyes, nose and throat. Amyl acetate caused mild eye and nose irritation and severe throat irritation at 200 ppm. Slight transient throat discomfort was experienced at 100 ppm. ...|/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ In rare instances disturbances of the optic nerve have been reported ... .

amyl acetate

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.|inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

irritation eyes, nose; dermatitis; possible central nervous system depression, narcosis

Cough. Dizziness. Drowsiness. Headache. Sore throat.

Dry skin. Redness.

Redness. Pain.

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system

Grades: Commercial (85-88%), high test (85-88%), technical (90-95%), pure (95-99%); special antibiotic grade. Amyl acetate is also sold by original source, as from fusel oil, pentane, or Oxo process.|Commercial amyl acetate is a mixture of isomers, the composition and properties depending upon the grade and derivation. The principal isomers are isoamyl, normal, and secondary amyl acetates.

All other basic organic chemical manufacturing|Acetic acid, pentyl ester: ACTIVE|Primary amyl acetate is a liquid mixture of the isomeric forms of pentyl acetate.

Method: NIOSH 1450, Issue 3; Procedure: gas chromatography with flame ionization; Analyte: n-amyl acetate; Matrix: air; Detection Limit: 0.9 ug/sample.|Method: OSHA PV2142; Procedure: gas chromatography wth flame ionization detector; Analyte: n-amyl acetate; Matrix: air; Detection Limit: 10 ppb (55 ug/cu m).|Analyte: n-amyl acetate; Matrix: air; Procedure: Gas chromatography, flame ionization detector; Desorption: 1 mL CS2, stand 30 min; Range: 50 to 1575 mg/cu m at 10 L; Precision: 0.02; Est limit of detection: 0.02 mg/samp; Interferences: none /Esters/|The USA Environmental Protection Agency has proposed methods for analysis of volatile priority pollutants, such as amyl acetate, by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy using purge-and-trap techniques.

EPA Safer Chemical Functional Use Classes -> Fragrances|Safer Chemical Classes -> Yellow triangle - The chemical has met Safer Choice Criteria for its functional ingredient-class, but has some hazard profile issues|Food additives -> Flavoring Agents|Fatty Acyls [FA] -> Fatty esters [FA07] -> Wax monoesters [FA0701]|Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 3rd degree|Cosmetics -> Solvent

Flavoring Agents