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Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide structure

CAS No:
124-38-9
Formula:
CO2
Chemical Name:
Carbon dioxide
Synonyms:
Carbon dioxide;Carbonic acid gas;Carbonic anhydride;Dry ice;Carbon oxide (CO2);R 744;Carbonic acid anhydride;Khladon 744;Carbon-12 dioxide;Carbon-12C dioxide-16O2;EN 439C1;Baros Effervescent Granules;N 45 (gas);N 45;CO2;Gost 8050-85;18923-20-1;957761-35-2;1053656-66-8;1053659-60-1;1173022-42-8;1202865-27-7
Categories:
Cosmetic Ingredient > Propellant

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Description

Colorless, odorless gas. [Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas. Solid form is utilized as dry ice.]

Carbon dioxide Basic Attributes

Molecular Weight：

44.00950

Exact Mass：

44.01

EC Number：

606-167-1

HScode：

2811210000

Characteristics

PSA：

34.14000

XLogP3：

-0.58350

Appearance：

Carbon dioxide appears as a colorless odorless gas at atmospheric temperatures and pressures. Relatively nontoxic and noncombustible. Heavier than air and may asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Soluble in water. Forms carbonic acid, a mild acid. Under prolonged exposure to heat or fire the container may rupture violently and rocket. Used to freeze food, to control chemical reactions, and as a fire extinguishing agent.

Density：

1.2 x 10^-3-0.2100 g/cm³

Melting Point：

-56.6 °C

Boiling Point：

-78.5 °C

Flash Point：

Not applicable

Refractive Index：

1.478

Water Solubility：

(77°F): 0.2%

Storage Conditions：

-70ºC

Vapor Pressure：

56.5 atm ( 20 °C)

Vapor Density：

1.52 (vs air)

Flammability characteristics：

Nonflammable Gas

Explosive limit：

Mixture of solid forms of potassium and carbon dioxide (as dry ice) explodes when subjected to shock.

Odor：

Odorless

Taste：

Faint acid taste

PH：

The pH of saturated CO2 solutions varies from 3.7 at 101 kPa (1 atm) to 3.2 at 2370 kPa (23.4 atm)

Safety Information

Packing level：

III

Hazard category：

2.2

Transport codes：

UN 1013 2.2

wgk germany：

safety instructions：

RTECS Number：

FF6400000

Storage features：

Fireproof if in building. Cool. Ventilation along the floor.

Stability/Shelf Life：

Stable. Incompatible with chemically active metals, such as alkali metals.

Precautionary statement(s)：

P410 + P403

Hazard Statements：

H280

RIDADR：

UN 1013 2.2

Caution Statement：

P410 + P403

Carbon dioxide Use and Manufacturing

Gaseous carbon dioxide is mainly used as a raw material for the production of soda ash, chemical fertilizers (ammonium bicarbonate, urea), and synthetic methanol and inorganic salt industries. It is also used for the quenching of steel castings and the manufacture of lead white, as well as for the manufacture of dry ice. Liquid carbon dioxide is used in welding, fermentation industry, cooling and refreshing beverages, sugar industry, medical local anesthesia, and also as a large cast steel anti-foaming agent, plant growth promoter, antioxidant and fire extinguishing agent. Solid carbon dioxide is used in penicillin production, fish, cream, ice cream and other food storage and low temperature transportation. Supercritical state is used as a solvent. Carbon dioxide is non-toxic, non-combustible and inexpensive. It is widely used as a supercritical solvent in homogeneous reactions. Used to dissolve non-polar, non-ionic and low molecular weight compounds. Liquid carbon dioxide at temperatures above 31°C is mainly used as a solvent for flavorings and spices in the perfume and food industries. High-purity carbon dioxide is mainly used in the electronics industry, medical research, clinical diagnosis, and carbon dioxide lasers. Used as regulator in polyethylene polymerization. Gaseous carbon dioxide is used for carbonized soft drinks, pH control of water treatment processes, chemical processing, food preservation, welding gas, plant growth stimulants, bactericidal gas diluents, insecticides, fumigants, and standards that can be used for various analytical instruments Gas and calibration gas, carbon dioxide laser filling gas, carrier gas for electronic collider, shielding gas and balancing gas for semiconductor manufacturing process, and other special mixed gas can also be prepared. Liquid carbon dioxide is used as a refrigerant to improve oil recovery and rubber polishing. Solid carbon dioxide is widely used in refrigerated dairy products, meat, frozen food, and refrigerants. Used as antiseptic, refrigerant, propellant, extractant, protective gas and carbonation agent. Used in sugar industry, alkali industry, lead white, etc., also used for cold drinks, fire fighting and organic synthesis.

Analysis Methods

Name	Column Shape	Active Phase(℃)	Retention index	Temperature Control	Method	Comments	Reference
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Packed	Squalane	154.	27.	isothermal	He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm	Hively, R.A.Hinton, R.E.Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substratesJ. Gas Chromatogr.1968, 6, 4, 203-217.
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Packed	Squalane	153.	49.	isothermal	He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm	Hively, R.A.Hinton, R.E.Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substratesJ. Gas Chromatogr.1968, 6, 4, 203-217.
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Packed	Squalane	152.	67.	isothermal	He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm	Hively, R.A.Hinton, R.E.Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substratesJ. Gas Chromatogr.1968, 6, 4, 203-217.
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Packed	Squalane	152.	86.	isothermal	He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm	Hively, R.A.Hinton, R.E.Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substratesJ. Gas Chromatogr.1968, 6, 4, 203-217.

Computed Properties

Molecular Weight:44.009
XLogP3:0.9
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:2
Exact Mass:43.989829239
Monoisotopic Mass:43.989829239
Topological Polar Surface Area:34.1
Heavy Atom Count:3
Complexity:18.3
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:No

Synthesis Route

34557-54-5

89825-36-5

34557-54-5

201230-82-2

Material

Calcium carbonate

Ethanol

Activated charcoal

Coke (coal)

Ammonia

Downstream Products

Ammonium chloride

Sodium bicarbonate

Cesium formate

Barium carbonate

Price Analysis

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