Salicylamide

137.13600

137.14

200-609-3

EM8BM710ZC

757318|3115

DTXSID3021726

WHITE OR SLIGHTLY PINK CRYSTALLINE POWDER|YELLOW LEAFLETS FROM DILUTE ALCOHOL

N - Nervous system

2924299090

63.32000

1.3

2-hydroxybenzamide appears as odorless white or slightly pink crystals. Bitter taste, leaves a sensation of warmth on the tongue. pH (saturated aqueous solution at 82°F) about 5. Sublimation begins at the melting point. (NTP, 1992)

1.175 g/cm³ @ Temp: 140 °C

140 °C

181.5 °C @ Press: 14 Torr

181°C/14mm

1.562 (20ºC)

Water solubility = 2.06X10+3 mg/L at 25 deg C

Store at 2 - 8ºC. Keep container tightly closed.

LD50 orally in mice: 1.4 g/kg (Hart)

SOMEWHAT BITTER

ABOUT 5 @ 28 °C (AQ SOLN)

8.37(at 20 °C)

8.37 (at 20 °C)|pKa = 8.37 20 °C

124.4 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: DT, Method: single field calibrated with ESI Low Concentration Tuning Mix (Agilent)]|121.1 Ų [M-H]- [CCS Type: DT, Method: single field calibrated with ESI Low Concentration Tuning Mix (Agilent)]|122.2 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TW, Method: calibrated with polyalanine and drug standards]|121.5 Ų [M-H]-

FORMS A WATER-SOLUBLE SODIUM SALT @ PH 9

It darkens on exposure to air. (NTP, 1992). Insoluble in water.

Amides and Imides

2-HYDROXYBENZAMIDE is an amide. Amides/imides react with azo and diazo compounds to generate toxic gases. Flammable gases are formed by the reaction of organic amides/imides with strong reducing agents. Amides are very weak bases (weaker than water). Imides are less basic yet and in fact react with strong bases to form salts. That is, they can react as acids. Mixing amides with dehydrating agents such as P2O5 or SOCl2 generates the corresponding nitrile. The combustion of these compounds generates mixed oxides of nitrogen (NOx). This chemical may be sensitive to prolonged exposure to light. (NTP, 1992)

III

6.1(b)

UN 3249

3

R22

26-36

VN6475000

Xn

Stable. Light sensitive. Incompatible with strong bases, strong oxidizing agents.

P261-P305 + P351 + P338

H302-H315-H319-H335

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Flash point data for this chemical are not available; however, it is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)

|Warning|H302 (99.27%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 820 companies from 13 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|Danger|H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P281, P301+P312, P307+P311, P308+P313, P314, P321, P330, P405, and P501

Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. A water spray may also be used. (NTP, 1992)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with 60-70% ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% ethanol to pick up any remaining material. Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should protect this chemical from exposure to light. Keep the container tightly closed under an inert atmosphere, and store under refrigerated temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)

Oral, rat LD50: 1890 mg/kg

...MUTUAL COMPETITIVE INHIBITION IN THE FORMATION OF SULFATES, AND PROBABLY GLUCURONIDES, OF ACETAMINOPHEN AND SALICYLAMIDE IN MAN /HAS BEEN DEMONSTRATED/.|BIOLOGICAL HALF-LIFE OF SALICYLAMIDE...INCR SOMEWHAT BY IV ASCORBIC ACID & MORE BY ORAL ASCORBIC ACID; PLASMA LEVELS OF SALICYLAMIDE & GLUCURONIDE METABOLITE INCR WHILE LEVELS OF SULFATE METABOLITE DECR. ...MAX INHIBITION OF SULFATE CONJUGATION OR SALICYLAMIDE BY ASCORBIC ACID WHEN BOTH...IN HIGH CONCN IN INTESTINAL WALL & LIVER.|SALICYLAMIDE ADMIN DECR RADIOSULFATE UPTAKE BY MATERNAL SERUM & LIVER, FETUS, & PLACENTA; EFFECTS BEING DOSE-DEPENDENT.|IN THE PRESENCE OF SALICYLAMIDE, 7,12-DIMETHYLBENZ(A)ANTHRACENE LOST ITS ABILITY TO INDUCE DNA-REPAIR SYNTHESIS IN RAT HEPATOCYTES. THIS FAILURE TO INDUCE DNA REPAIR IS DUE TO INHIBITION OF A SULFATE ESTER INTERMEDIATE.|For more Interactions (Complete) data for SALICYLAMIDE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Salicylamide's production and use as an analgesic(1), antipyretic(1), antirheumatic(2), sedative(2), and for protection against mildew and fungus in a variety of soaps, salves, lotions, and oils(3) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 118(SRC), determined from an experimental log Kow(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that salicylamide will have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of salicylamide will not be important from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.9X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(4,SRC), or from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based on an estimated vapor pressure of 6.9X10-6 mm Hg(5,SRC). Insufficient data are available to determine the rate or importance of biodegradation of salicylamide in soil(SRC), but its structure would suggest rapid biodegradation(6,SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 118(SRC), determined from an experimental log Kow(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that salicylamide may not adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC) in the water. Salicylamide will be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.9X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). An estimated BCF value of 5.5(3,SRC), from an experimental log Kow(2), suggests that salicylamide will not bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms(SRC) according to a recommended classification scheme(5). Insufficient data are available to determine the rate or importance of biodegradation of salicylamide in water(SRC), but its structure would suggest rapid biodegradation(6,SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a suggested classification scheme(1), an estimated vapor pressure of 6.9X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(2,SRC) indicates that salicylamide will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase salicylamide is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 12 hours(3,SRC). Particulate-phase salicylamide may be physically removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). The reaction of phenols with nitrate radicals may also be important(4).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of salicylamide with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.25X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1,SRC). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 12 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC). The reaction of phenols with nitrate radicals may also be important(2).

An estimated BCF value of 5.5 was calculated for salicylamide(SRC), using an experimental log Kow of 1.28(1) and a recommended regression-derived equation(2). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this BCF value suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms will not be an important fate process(SRC).

The Koc of salicylamide is estimated as approximately 118(SRC), using an experimental log Kow of 1.28(1) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that salicylamide has high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for salicylamide is estimated as 2.9X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This value indicates that salicylamide will be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2,SRC). Salicylamide's low vapor pressure, 6.9X10-6 mm Hg(3,SRC) and low Henry's Law constant(1,SRC) indicate that volatilization from dry and moist soil will not occur(SRC).

Based on its use as an analgesic(1), antipyretic(1), antirheumatic(2), sedative(2), and for protection against mildew and fungus in a variety of soaps, salves, lotions, and oils(3), the general population may be exposed to salicylamide through ingestion of salicylamide containing pharmaceuticals and through dermal contact from the use of certain soaps and lotions(SRC).

Salicylamide, which is not metabolized to salicylate in vivo, has antipyretic, analgesic, and antiinflammatory effects similar to those of salicylate.|SALICYLAMIDE, THE AMIDE OF SALICYLIC ACID, IS NO LONGER AN OFFICIAL DRUG. ITS EFFECTS IN MAN ARE NOT RELIABLE, & ITS USE IS NOT RECOMMENDED. THE SMALL DOSES INCLUDED IN "OVER-THE-COUNTER" ANALGESIC AND SEDATIVE MIXTURES ARE PROBABLY INEFFECTIVE.|THIRD MOST COMMON COMPONENT OF NONPRESCRIPTION HYPNOTIC MIXT IS SODIUM SALICYLAMIDE. DOSE OF 1.3 G HAS SLIGHT SEDATIVE EFFECT; DOSE INCL IN NONPRESCRIPTION PRODUCTS IS 200-380 MG. /SODIUM SALICYLAMIDE/|MEDICATION (VET): DEPRESSES INTESTINAL SMOOTH MUSCLE FUNCTION IN RABBIT & DOG TRIALS. MOST PROMISING INDICATION IN VET MEDICINE MAY BE FOR DOGS WITH CALCIUM PHOSPHATE CONTAINING URINARY CALCULI WHICH ITS COMPLEX GLUCURONIDE METABOLITES MAY HELP SOLUBILIZE.|For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for SALICYLAMIDE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

RESULTS OF THE FEW ACCEPTABLE CONTROLLED STUDIES ON SALICYLAMIDE INDICATE THAT THIS AGENT IS MUCH LESS EFFECTIVE THAN ASPIRIN AS ANALGESIC OR ANTIPYRETIC WHEN GIVEN IN SAME DOSE & THEREFORE IS TOO WEAK & UNRELIABLE TO BE USEFUL.|VET: WARNING: CATS MAY BE VERY SENSITIVE TO TOXIC EFFECT OF THIS DRUG.|Dose related GI and CNS disturbances are the most common adverse effects of salicylamide. GI disturbances may include nausea, vomiting, heartburn, anorexia, or diarrhea. CNS disturbances may include dizziness, drowsiness, lightheadedness, faintness, or headache. Flushing, hyperventilation, sweating, dry mouth, rash, and thrombocytopenic purpura have also been reported. Adverse Gi and CNS effects occur infrequently with salicylamide doses occur infrequently with salicylamide doses of 325-650 mg but occur often with higher doses. Tinnitus, ecchymoses, hemorrhagic lesions, leukopenia, or thrombocytopenia may also occur with high doses.

3. 3= MODERATELY TOXIC: PROBABLE ORAL LETHAL DOSE (HUMAN) 0.5-5 G/KG, BETWEEN 1 OUNCE AND 1 PINT (OR 1 LB) FOR 70 KG PERSON (150 LB).

Anti-inflammatory agents that are non-steroidal in nature. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, they have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions.They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis accounts for their analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions; other mechanisms may contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects. (See all compounds classified as Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal.)

WHEN...GIVEN ORALLY...IT IS ABSORBED AND EXCRETED SO RAPIDLY THAT HIGH PLASMA LEVELS ARE NOT OBTAINED. IT DIFFUSES QUICKLY INTO THE VARIOUS BODY TISSUES AND INTO A MUCH GREATER APPARENT VOLUME OF BODY WATER... ANIMAL STUDIES SHOW...DIFFUSION RAPIDLY INTO THE BRAIN.|/IN THE RABBIT/ RATE OF TRANSPORT OF FREE DRUG ACROSS BASAL BARRIER WAS BLOOD-FLOW-LIMITED, WHILE TRANSPORT OF THE GLUCURONIDE WAS LIMITED BY TRANSPORT STEP OUT OF EPITHELIAL CELL RATHER THAN BY RATE OF SYNTHESIS.|...WHEN DOSE OF SALICYLAMIDE EXCEEDS ABOUT 1 G...SIGNIFICANT LEVELS OF UNCHANGED DRUG APPEAR IN PLASMA.|BIOAVAILABILITY STUDIES IN HUMAN/S/...INDICATED THAT SODIUM SALICYLAMIDE IN SOLN IS ABSORBED FASTER AFTER ORAL DOSES THAN SALICYLAMIDE IN TABLETS. SEDATIVE EFFECT OCCURRED EARLIER WITH NA SALT THAN WITH SALICYLAMIDE & EXTENT OF SEDATION INCR WITH INCR DOSES OF BOTH COMPD.|For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for SALICYLAMIDE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SALICYLAMIDE IS CONJUGATED BY INTESTINAL MUCOSA AFTER ORAL ADMINISTRATION...|AFTER ADMIN OF SALICYLAMIDE TO CATS NO GLUCURONIDE CONJUGATE COULD BE DETECTED IN URINE. INCR AMT OF SULFURIC ACID ESTER CONJUGATE & SUBSTANTIALLY GREATER AMT OF 2,3-DIHYDROXYBENZAMIDE WERE PRODUCED BY CAT COMPARED WITH RABBIT.|SALICYLAMIDE GIVES SALICYLAMIDE-2-BETA-D-GLUCURONIDE & SALICYLAMIDE-2-SULFATE IN MAN. /FROM TABLE/|AFTER ADMIN OF 5 MG/KG SALICYLAMIDE IN 5 MG/KG TYLENOL SUSPENSION, CHILDREN EXCRETED 78% OF DOSE AS SALICYLAMIDE SULFATE; ADULTS 36%. IN ADULTS, GLUCURONIDE WAS MAJOR PRODUCT. GLUCURONIDE CONJUGATION DEFICIENCY IN CHILDREN IS ACCOMPANIED BY A HIGHER RATE OF SULFATE FORMATION.|For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for SALICYLAMIDE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound include dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, allergic reactions and blood dyscrasias. It can cause central nervous depression, hypotension and respiratory arrest. This compound may greatly potentiate the hepatic toxicity of acetaminophen. It may also cause hyperpnea, renal failure, prolonged bleeding time, a mild burning pain in the mouth, throat and abdomen, lethargy, tinnitus hearing loss, excitability, delirium, fever, sweating, dehydration, incoordination, restlessness, ecchymoses, coma, convulsions, cyanosis, oliguria, uremia, pulmonary edema, gastric ulcer, weight loss and mental deterioration. Other symptoms may include skin eruptions, headache, difficulty in hearing, dimness of vision, lassitude and hyperventilation. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: When heated to decomposition this compound emits toxic fumes of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides. (NTP, 1992)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

GASTROINTESTINAL IRRITATION OCCURS IN ABOUT 10% OF PATIENTS, AND DROWSINESS AND DIZZINESS ARE OBSERVED IN APPROXIMATELY 10 AND 20%, RESPECTIVELY.|In contrast to salicylates, salicylamide overdosage produces CNS depression, hypotension, and eventually respiratory arrest, but does not produce excitement, seizures, metabolic acidosis, or hypoprothrombinemia.|Little information is available on the acute toxicity of salicylamide. Salicylamide is generally considered to be less toxic than salicylates in overdosage but unequivocal evidence in humans is lacking ... .|Toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell's syndrome) with erythematous skin lesions and bulla formation developed in a 4 yr old girl. An accurate diagnosis using the cryostat technique on top of a bulla was available within 1 hr of hospital admission. The course was unusually mild, probably because of early treatment with corticosteroids. Skin prick tests revealed salicylamide was the agent responsible for inducing the /condition/. The patient was advised to avoid this substance for the rest of her life.

salicylamide

100% USED AS AN ANALGESIC & ANTIPYRETIC (1975)

SALICYLAMIDE, NF CAPSULES, 200 MG, WITH METHAPYRILENE HYDROCHLORIDE 50 MG & SCOPOLAMINE AMINOXIDE HYDROBROMIDE 500 UG (SOMINEX); CAPSULES, 324 MG, WITH METHAPYRILENE HYDROCHLORIDE 12 MG & SCOPOLAMINE AMINOXIDE HYDROBROMIDE 150 MG (DEVAREX).|TABLETS, NF, 230 MG (AMID-SAL) & 600 MG (SALRIN); TABLETS, 200 MG WITH METHAPYRILENE HYDROCHLORIDE 25 MG (NYTOL); WITH SCOPOLAMINE AMINOXIDE HYDROBROMIDE 250 UG (SOMINEX); TABLETS, 250 MG WITH METHAPYRILENE HYDROCHLORIDE 25 MG & SCOPOLAMINE HYDROBROMIDE 200 UG (SURE-SLEEP).|LIQUIPRIN...ORAL: SOLN 60 MG/ML; SALAMIDE...SALICIM...ORAL: TABLETS 300 MG; SALRIN...ORAL: TABLETS 300 & 600 MG.|GRADES: TECHNICAL; NF.

Benzamide, 2-hydroxy-: ACTIVE

DETERMINATION IN DRUGS BY IR SPECTROPHOTOMETRY.|A METHOD BASED ON REVERSED-PHASE HIGH-PRESSURE LIQ CHOMATOGRAPHY WAS USED FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS QUANTITATION OF DRUGS.|FLUOROMETRIC PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING SALICYLAMIDE IS PRESENTED.|GLC PROCEDURE FOR THE ANALYSIS OF DRUGS SIMULTANEOUSLY IN PREPN.

DETERMINATION OF SALICYLAMIDE IN BLOOD BY HPLC IS GIVEN.|GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC ASSAY OF UNDERIVATIZED SALICYLAMIDE IN PLASMA, SALIVA, & URINE.|A RAT PLASMA ASSAY WAS DEVELOPED USING RING-LABELED TRITRIATED SALICYLAMIDE.|High performance liquid chromatographic method for the quantitation of salicylamide and its metabolites in biological fluids.

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