Propyl ether

102.17

102.17

203-869-6

42Q250HS4G

0468

2384

DTXSID8042343

Mobile liquid

2909199090

9.2

2.03

Clear colorless Liquid

0.7466 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

-126.1 °C

90 °C

40 °F

1.388

It is slightly soluble in water 3 g/L (20°C), soluble in alcohol and ether.

Flammables area

55 mm Hg ( 20 °C)

Relative vapour density (air = 1): 3.53

Inhalation-mouse LC50: 163 grams/cubic meter/15 minutes; intraperitoneal-mouse LD50: 204mg/kg

combustible

vol% in air: 1.3

1.85e-11 cm3/molecule*sec

0.00 atm-m3/mole|Henry's Law constant = 2.2X10-3 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 1.85X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C

Highly flammable. Ethers tend to form unstable peroxides when exposed to oxygen. Ethyl, isobutyl, ethyl tert-butyl, and ethyl tert-pentyl ether are particularly hazardous in this respect. Ether peroxides can sometimes be observed as clear crystals deposited on containers or along the surface of the liquid. Slightly soluble in water.

Ethers

Highly Flammable

Ethers, such as DIPROPYL ETHER, can act as bases. They form salts with strong acids and addition complexes with Lewis acids. The complex between diethyl ether and boron trifluoride is an example. Ethers may react violently with strong oxidizing agents. In other reactions, which typically involve the breaking of the carbon-oxygen bond, ethers are relatively inert.

Dipropyl ether|D: Other compounds that may form peroxides|Kelly|Merck Index reports that explosive peroxides form readily, especially when anhydrous. See: The Merck Index. 10th ed. Rahway, New Jersey: Merck Co., Inc., 1983., p. 1131|"TENDS TO FORM EXPLOSIVE PEROXIDES, ESP WHEN ANHYDR. DO NOT ALLOW TO EVAPORATE TO NEAR DRYNESS." The Merck Index. 10th ed. Rahway, New Jersey: Merck Co., Inc., 1983., p. 1131

370 °F (188 °C)|188 °C

Lower flammable limit: 1.3% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 7.0% by volume

The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible.

II

3

UN 2384 3/PG 2

1

11-19-66-67

9-16-29-33

UJ5125000

F

Treasury is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored and transported separately from oxidants and acids

Mixed with air to form explosive mixture; long-term storage generates explosive peroxides

HIGHLY VOLATILE

P210-P261

H225-H336

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations./|This compound should be susceptible to removal from waste water by air stripping. /Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether/

The substance can presumably form explosive peroxides. The substance decomposes on burning producing toxic /emissions/ and irritating fumes.|... Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. (ERG, 2016)|Flammable. Above 21 °C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed.|Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 1st degree

|Danger|H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P312, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 138 companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. (ERG, 2016)|Ventilation, local exhaust, or breathing protection. Protective clothing. Protective gloves. Safety goggles, or face shield. Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.|Personnel protection: ... Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus. ... Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles.

EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE.|A flammable liquid and dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers.|ONLY ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT OF EXPLOSION-PROOF TYPE (GROUP C CLASSIFICATION) IS PERMITTED TO BE OPERATED IN ETHER AREAS. ETHER SHOULD NOT BE STORED NEAR POWERFUL OXIDIZERS OR IN AREAS OF HIGH FIRE HAZARD. /ETHERS/

TENDS TO FORM EXPLOSIVE PEROXIDES, ESP WHEN ANHYDR. DO NOT ALLOW TO EVAPORATE TO NEAR DRYNESS.|Explosive limits , vol% in air: 1.3-7

If material on fire or involved in fire: Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.

Cover the spilled material with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Remove all ignition sources. Ventilation. Do NOT wash /spill/ away ... (Extra personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapors.)

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors.|Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.

/GUIDE 127: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.|/GUIDE 127: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible)/ Health: Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.|/GUIDE 127: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.|/GUIDE 127: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for DIPROPYL ETHER (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

The substance is irritating to the eyes, the skin and the respiratory tract.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Remove all ignition sources. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Cover the spilled material with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible.

Fireproof. Cool. Keep in the dark.

A harmful contamination of the air will be reached rather slowly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Exposure at high levels could cause lowering of consciousness.

The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Above 21 °C use a closed system, ventilation and explosion-proof electrical equipment.

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective clothing. Protective gloves.

Wear safety goggles or face shield.

| 1 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause significant irritation.| 3 - Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Materials produce hazardous atmospheres with air under almost all ambient temperatures or, though unaffected by ambient temperatures, are readily ignited under almost all conditions.| 1 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable but that can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures.

highly toxic

LC50 Mouse inhalation 163 mg/cu m (39 ppm)/15 min

Dipropyl ether can be used for the same purposes as diethyl ether(1), which is used primarily as a solvent(2). Dipropyl ether's use as a solvent may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 15(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that propyl ether is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of dipropyl ether from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 2.2X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(3). Volatilization of dipropyl ether from dry soil surfaces is expected(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 62.5 mm Hg(4). Limited biodegradation data(5,6) suggest that dipropyl ether may be biodegraded in soil if acclimated microbial populations are present(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 15(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that propyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in the water column(SRC). Dipropyl ether is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3) based on a Henry's Law constant of 2.2X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3.6 hours and 4.1 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 7(SRC), from log Kow of 2.03(6), and a regression derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Following a lag period of 13 days, dipropyl ether reached 63% of its theoretical BOD after 25 days incubation in an activated sludge aqueous screening study(8). In another activated sludge screening test dipropyl ether did not biodegrade in 240 hours(9).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), dipropyl ether, which has a vapor pressure of 62.5 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase dipropyl ether is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and nitrate radicals(SRC); half-lives for these reactions in air are estimated to be 21 hours and 4.9 days, respectively(3,4). Direct photolysis is not expected to be an important removal process since aliphatic ethers do not absorb light in the environmental UV spectrum(5).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of dipropyl ether with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals is 1.85X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This rate constant corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 21 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(SRC). Direct photolysis is not expected to be an important removal process since aliphatic ethers do not absorb light in the environmental spectrum(2). The rate constant for the reaction of dipropyl ether with nitrate radicals is 6.49X10-15 cu cm/molecule-sec at 22 °C(3). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 4.9 days at an average atmospheric concentration of 5X10+8 nitrate radicals per cu cm(4). Dipropyl ether is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups(5).

An estimated BCF of 7 was calculated for dipropyl ether(SRC), using a log Kow of 2.03(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for dipropyl ether can be estimated to be about 15(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that dipropyl ether is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for dipropyl ether is 2.2X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that dipropyl ether is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the estimated volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is approximately 3.4 hours(SRC). The estimated volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is approximately 4.1 days(SRC). Dipropyl ether's Henry's Law constant(1) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Volatilization of dipropyl ether from dry soil surfaces is expected(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 62.5 mm Hg(3).

Occupational exposure to dipropyl ether may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where dipropyl ether is used. (SRC)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]: Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]: Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. Wash skin with soap and water. In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin. Keep victim calm and warm. (ERG, 2016)

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

INHALATION: Symptoms: Cough. Sore throat. Dizziness. Headache. First aid: Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention. SKIN: Symptoms: Redness. Pain. Dry skin. First aid: Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. EYES: Symptoms: Redness. Pain. First aid: First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then take to a doctor. INGESTION: First aid: Rinse mouth.|Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Ethers and related compounds/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Provide a low-stimulus environment. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... Treat frostbite by rapid rewarming ... /Ethers and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... /Ethers and related compounds/

propyl ether

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.

Cough. Sore throat. Dizziness. Headache.

Redness. Pain. Dry skin.

Redness. Pain.

All other basic organic chemical manufacturing|Propane, 1,1'-oxybis-: ACTIVE

NIOSH Method 1610: A gas chromatographic method for the analysis of ethyl ether, consists of a stainless steel column, 1.2 m x 6 mm OD, packed with Porapak Q (50/80 mesh), with hydrogen-air flame ionization detection, and nitrogen as the carrier gas at a flow rate of 30 ml/min, is a NIOSH approved method. A sample injection volume of 5 ul is suggested, the column temperature is 175 °C, the injection temperature is 195 °C, and the detection temperature is 250 °C. This method has a estimated detection limit of 0.01 mg/sample, and a relative standard deviation of 0.024 at 1.8 to 7.1 mg/sample over a working range of 100 to 2500 mg/sample. /Diethyl ether/|EPA Method 1624: An isotope dilution gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry method for the determination of volatile organic compounds in municipal and industrial discharges is described. This method is designed to meet the survey requirements of Effluent Guidelines Division (EGD) and the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). Under the prescribed conditions, unlabeled diethyl ether has a minimum level of 50 ug/l and a mean retention time of 820 sec. The labeled compound has a minimum level of 50 ug/l, a mean retention time of 804 sec, and a characteristic primary m/z of 74/84. /Diethyl ether/|EPA Method 8015: Nonhalogenated Volatile Organics. For the analysis of solid waste, a representative sample (solid or liquid) is collected in a standard 40 ml glass screw-cap VOA vial equipped with a Teflon-faced silicone septum. Sample agitation, as well as contamination of the collected sample with air, must be avoided. Two VOA vials are filled per sample location, then placed in separate plastic bags for shipment and storage. Samples can be analyzed by direct injection or purge-and trap gas chromatography. A temperature program is used in the gas chromatograph to separate the organic compounds. Column 1 is an 8-ft by 0.1-in I.D. stainless steel or glass column packed with 1% SP-1000 on Carbopack-B 60/80 mesh or equivalent. Column 2 is a 6-ft by 0.1-in I.D. stainless steel or glass column packed with n-octane on Porasil-C 100/120 mesh (Durapak) or equivalent. Detection is achieved by a flame ionization detector (FID). Under the prescribed conditions, diethyl ether can be detected using this method. No statistical analysis was determined; specific method performance information will be provided as it becomes available. /Diethyl ether/|AOAC 928.10. Ether in drugs is analyzed using a dichromate oxidation method. /Diethyl ether/|EPA Method 5030: Purge and Trap: An inert gas is bubbled through the solution at ambient temperature, and the volatile components are efficiently transferred from the aqueous phase to the vapor phase. After purging is complete, the sorbent column is heated and backflushed with inert gas to desorb the components onto a GC column. Water samples can be analyzed directly, while preparation is necessary for water-miscible liquids, solids, and wastes and soil/sediments. /Diethyl ether/

Ether in blood or urine is analyzed by direct injection of the specimen into a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame-ionization detector and a molecular sieve column. This method has a sensitivity of 10 mg/l, linearity of 10-200 mg/l, cv of 3-5% within-run, and a relative recovery of 96-100%. /Diethyl ether/

Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 1st degree