Allyl bromide

120.98

120.98

203-446-6

FXQ8X2F74Z

7596

1099

DTXSID8024442

Colorless to light yellow liquid

2942000000

0

1.79

Clear colorless to slightly colored Liquid

1.398 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

-119 °C

71.3 °C @ Press: 760 Torr

28 °F

1.455

H2O: insoluble

2-8°C

140 mm Hg at 25 deg C (est)

4.2 (vs air)

Oral-Rat LD50: 120 mg/kg; Abdominal-Mouse LD50: 48 mg/kg

Inflammable in case of open flame, high temperature, oxidant; decomposition of toxic bromide gas by high heat

4.3-7.3%(V)

Unpleasant, pungent

Henry's Law constant = 1.1X10-2 atm-cu m/ mol at 25 °C (est)

Liquid-Water Interfacial Tension: (est) 40 dynes/cm = 0.040 N/m at 20 °C; Ratio of Specific Heats of Vapor (Gas): 1.1210|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 2.0X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)|Ozone rate constant = 1.5X10-16 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)

Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.

Halogenated Organic Compounds

Highly Flammable

ALLYL BROMIDE decomposes upon heating and exposure to light, forming HBr (a strong reducing agent). Reacts violently with oxidizing agents. Can react exothermically with reducing agents to release hydrogen gas. In the presence of various catalysts (such as acids) or initiators, may undergo exothermic addition polymerization reactions.

563 °F (USCG, 1999)|563 °F (295 °C)

(est) 6700 BTU/lb = 3700 cal/g = 150X10+5 J/kg

Lower flammable limit: 4.4% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 7.3% by volume

(est) 110 BTU/lb = 59 cal/g = 2.5X10+5 J/kg

I

3

UN 1099 3/PG 1

2

11-23/25-34-50-25-46-45

16-26-36/37/39-45-60-61-53

UC7090000

F,T,N

Treasury is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored separately from oxidant

Explosive when mixed with air

Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

P201-P210-P280-P301 + P310 + P330-P303 + P361 + P353-P304 + P340 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338-P308 + P313

H225-H301-H314-H340-H350-H400

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Reacts with oxidizing materials, alkalies.

UN 1099

P201; P210; P273; P280; P301 + P310; P305 + P351 + P338

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic hydrogen bromide and bromine gases formed in fire. Behavior in Fire: Vapor is heavier than air and may travel a considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back. (USCG, 1999)|Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 1st degree

|Danger|H225 (91.94%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P201, P202, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P281, P284, P301+P310, P301+P330+P331, P302+P350, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P310, P311, P312, P320, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P361, P362, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 62 companies from 14 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P310, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P311, P312, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]: Fully encapsulating, vapor-protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire. ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. SMALL SPILL: Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2016)

Goggles and face shield; protective clothing; self-contained breathing appartus for high vapor concentrations. (USCG, 1999)|Goggles and face shield; protective clothing; self-contained breathing apparatus for high vapor concn.

Dangerous fire and explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame.

Lower flammable limit: 4.4% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 7.3% by volume|Vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed area.

Water may be ineffective.|Use dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide, or water spray. Water may be ineffective. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Approach fire from upwind to avoid hazardous vapors and toxic decomp products.|If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped or safely confined. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.|Evacuation: If fire becomes uncontrollable or container is exposed to direct flame - consider evacuation of one-third (1/3) mile radius.

Vapors are heavier than air and may travel to a source of ignition and flash back.

Spill or leak procedures: Releases may require isolation or evacuation. Eliminate all ignition sources. Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. Use appropriate foam to blanket release and supress vapors. Absorb in noncombustible material for proper disposal.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid.|Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.|Evacuation: If material leaking (not on fire) consider evacuation from downwind area based on amount of material spilled, location and weather conditions.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for ALLYL BROMIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.|/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Health: TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with some of these materials will irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.|/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.|/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for ALLYL BROMIDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Irritation of eyes and respiratory tract.

| 3 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause serious or permanent injury.| 3 - Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Materials produce hazardous atmospheres with air under almost all ambient temperatures or, though unaffected by ambient temperatures, are readily ignited under almost all conditions.| 1 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable but that can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures.

SOURCE DOMINATED: Allyl bromide was detected in the atmosphere at two source dominated sites in Arkansas: over El Dorado at a mean concentration of 7.1X10-1 ppbv (from a total 51 samples with only one sample reported at a concentration of 6.7 ppbv), and over Magnolia at a mean concentration of 3.0X10-1 ppbv (from a total 17 samples with only one sample reported at a concentration of 2.5 ppbv)(1). Allyl bromide was detected in ambient air surrounding Arkansas Chemical Incorp. in El Dorado, AR at three different locations at concentrations of 70, trace, and 29.7 ng/cu meter on September 20, 1976(2). Allyl bromide was also detected in ambient air surrounding Great Lakes Corp. El Dorado, AR at concentrations of 8.4, trace, 8, 2.5 and 24.8 (water tower) ng/cu meter(2). Allyl bromide was also detected in ambient air surrounding Michigan Chemical Corp. El Dorado, AR at concentrations of trace, 3.2, and 32.9 (15-18 ft elevation) ng/cu meter(2). Allyl bromide was also detected in ambient air surrounding Ethyl Corp. Magnolia, AR at concentrations of 9.4 and 15.8 ng/cu meter(2).

highly toxic

In rats, cysteine magnesium nitrate and cysteine magnesium acetate administration ip resulted in 17-33% higher survival rate following allyl bromide poisoning than did cysteine administration. Cysteine magnesium bromide was as effective as cysteine against allyl bromide poisoning.

LC50 Rat inhalation 10000 mg/cu m/30 min|LD50 Mouse ip 108 mg/kg|LD50 Guinea pig oral 30 mg/kg

Allyl bromide's production and use as a chemical intermediate(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 230(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.79(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that allyl bromide is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of allyl bromide from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Allyl bromide is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 140 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(5). Based on BOD values of 56 and 74% in 5 days using sewage sludge(6), biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 230(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.79(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that allyl bromide is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 hours and 4 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 5(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Based on BOD values of 56 and 74% in 5 days using sewage sludge(8), biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), allyl bromide, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 140 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase allyl bromide is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 20 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.0X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC), that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). In addition, vapor-phase allyl bromide will react with ozone with a half-life of 7 days(SRC) calculated from an estimated rate constant of 1.5X10-16 cu cm/ molecule-sec(SRC), that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Allyl bromide does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of allyl bromide with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.0X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 20 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Allyl bromide is expected to react with ozone in the atmosphere with a estimated rate constant of 1.5X10-16 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1) based on a concentration of 7X10+11 molecules of ozone/ cu cm(2); this corresponds to a half-life of 7 days. Allyl bromide is expected to hydrolyze under environmental conditions(SRC) with a half-life of 12 hours(3). Allyl bromide does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 5 was calculated for allyl bromide(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.79(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of allyl bromide is estimated as 230(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.79(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that allyl bromide is expected to have moderate mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for allyl bromide is estimated as 1.1X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that allyl bromide is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 3 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 4 days(SRC). Allyl bromide's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Allyl bromide is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 140 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

Occupational exposure to allyl bromide may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where allyl bromide is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to allyl bromide via inhalation of ambient air, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing allyl bromide. (SRC)

/Allyl bromide/...dosed sc to male rats /was/...metabolized into allylmercapturic acid, S-allylcysteine, and S-allylcysteine S-oxide. 3-Hydroxypropylmercapturic acid was /probably/ a metabolite...|S-Allyl-L-cysteine was isolated from urine of rats dosed with allyl bromide.|Urinary excretion of 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid (S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-N-acetyl-L-cysteine) following exposure to allylic compounds was studied in rats to examine the possibility of using 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid (S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-N-acetyl-L-cysteine) as a biological marker of exposure to allylic compounds that were metabolized to acrolein and excreted as 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid (S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-N-acetyl-L-cysteine) in the urine. Male Sprague Dawley rats were given ... 120 mg/kg allylbromide ... by gavage. Twenty four hour urine samples were collected for the next 48 hours and analyzed for 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid (S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-N-acetyl-L-cysteine) by HPLC. ... Total urinary excretion of 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid (S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-N-acetyl-L-cysteine) as a percentage of the dose ... averaged ... 3.0 percent for allylbromide ... .|Wistar rats were administered carbon 14 labeled ... allyl bromide ... orally. Urine, feces, exhaled carbon dioxide, and air were collected and analyzed for metabolites. The major metabolite found after treatment with ... allylbromide was S-carboxyethyl mercapturic acid.

Inhalation of vapor irritates mucous membranes and causes dizziness, headache, and lung irritation. Contact with liquid irritates eyes and skin. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach. (USCG, 1999)

INHALATION: remove from exposure; if not breathing, give artificial respiration; if breathing is difficult, give oxygen; call physician. EYES: flush with water for at least 15 min. and call physician. SKIN: flush with water; get medical attention for skin irritation. INGESTION: do NOT induce vomiting; get medical attention. (USCG, 1999)

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Dichloropropane, dichloropropene, and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in severe respiratory distress. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Dichloropropane, dichloropropene, and related compounds/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Causes severe eye and skin burns. Serious health hazard. May be harmful if absorbed through skin or inhaled. Irritating to eyes, skin, and respiratory system.

allyl bromide

Grade: Technically pure (95% minimum purity by bromine titration).|Grades or Purity: Commercial

All other basic organic chemical manufacturing|1-Propene, 3-bromo-: ACTIVE

Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 1st degree