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Home > Biochemical Engineering > Polypeptide (Find 773 items)

Polypeptide

Polypeptides are vital biomolecules with broad applications in biology and industry. It is composed of amino acids linked by polypeptide bonds. These polypeptide chains form the backbone of most proteins and are key to cellular functions, enzyme regulation, and structural support. Their efficiency makes them valuable in biotechnology, medicine, and manufacturing. Learn more about polypeptides, including CAS No., properties, and information of materials and products from our suppliers on ECHEMI.

(-)-4-Benzyl-2-oxazolidinone

(90719-32-7)
An oxazolidinone used in chiral auxiliary asymetric synthesis

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IGF-1 LR3

(946870-92-4)

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VIP

(40077-57-4)
Pulmonary hypertension;Erectile dysfunction

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Octreotide acetate

(83150-76-9)
Can inhibit growth hormone, inhibit gastrointestinal pancreas secretion of peptides, etc.

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Glucagon

(9007-92-5)
Glucagon is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that raises blood glucose levels. Glucagonis released by the pancreas when blood sugar (glucose) levels fall too low. Glucagon causes the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose thus increasing glucose levels and having the opposite effect of insulin.

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Camphorsulfonic acid

(3144-16-9)
Used as a resolving agent, and as a catalyst for coupling dipeptides.

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Eptifibatide

(188627-80-7)
A Arginin-glycin-aspartat-mimetic, reversibly binds to platelets to reduce the risk of cardiac ischemic events.

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Bivalirudin

(128270-60-0)
Bivalirudin (Angiomax or Angiox, manufactured by The Medicines Company) is a specific and reversible direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI).Chemically, it is a synthetic congener of the naturally occurring drug hirudin (found in the saliva of the medicinal leech Hirudo medicinalis).Bivalirudin is a DTI that overcomes many limitations seen with indirect thrombin inhibitors, such as heparin. Bivalirudin is a short, synthetic peptide that is potent, highly specific, and a reversible inhibitor of thrombin.

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Polypeptide is a compound formed by connecting α-amino acids with peptide bonds, and is an intermediate product of protein hydrolysis. Compounds usually formed by the dehydration and condensation of 10 to 100 amino acid molecules are called peptides. There are two types of peptides: biologically active peptides and synthetic peptides.

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Application of polypeptide

With recent advancements in biotechnology, polypeptides have found increasing use as therapeutic agents. They can serve in diagnostic, curative, and preventative applications and can be synthesized artificially to meet clinical demands.

Due to their unique properties, polypeptides combine the characteristics of both small molecule drugs and protein-based therapies, making them a highly researched class of molecules. Insulin, for example, was the first polypeptide drug introduced, and since then, over 80 polypeptide-based drugs have been commercialized. These include peptide vaccines, anti-cancer peptides, antiviral peptides, cardiovascular peptides, cytokine mimetic peptides, antimicrobial peptides, and diagnostic peptides.

One of the major advantages of polypeptide drugs is their reduced likelihood of inducing drug resistance. However, they also pose significant challenges, such as higher toxicity and lower stability compared to other drug types. The immunogenicity and instability of polypeptide drugs are often attributed to chemical reactions like deamidation, oxidation, hydrolysis, and the formation of incorrect structures.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a polypeptide and how is it used in pharmaceuticals?

A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, typically shorter than a full protein but longer than a dipeptide or tripeptide. In pharmaceuticals, polypeptides are widely used as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in peptide-based drugs for treating conditions such as diabetes, cancer, and hormonal disorders. Their high specificity and biocompatibility make them valuable in targeted therapies and biologic drug development.

How are synthetic polypeptides manufactured for medical use?

Synthetic polypeptides for medical applications are primarily produced through solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) or recombinant DNA technology. SPPS allows precise control over sequence and purity, making it ideal for short to medium-length peptides. Recombinant methods are preferred for longer polypeptides. Both processes require strict adherence to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) to ensure safety, efficacy, and regulatory compliance.

What factors affect the quality and stability of polypeptide APIs?

The quality and stability of polypeptide active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) depend on several factors, including amino acid sequence, purity level, moisture content, storage temperature, and exposure to light or oxygen. Impurities from synthesis (e.g., deletion sequences or racemization) can impact biological activity. Proper lyophilization, cold-chain logistics, and formulation with stabilizers are commonly used to enhance shelf life and maintain therapeutic integrity.

How to choose a reliable polypeptide supplier for pharmaceutical development?

When selecting a polypeptide supplier, consider their regulatory certifications (e.g., FDA, EMA, or GMP compliance), experience in custom peptide synthesis, analytical capabilities (HPLC, MS, NMR), scalability from lab to commercial production, and documentation support (e.g., DMFs). A trustworthy supplier should also offer stringent quality control, batch-to-batch consistency, and technical consultation throughout the development process.

What are common applications of polypeptides in biotechnology and medicine?

Polypeptides play critical roles in biotechnology and medicine, including use as therapeutic agents (e.g., insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs), vaccine components, diagnostic tools, and drug delivery carriers. They are also employed in research for studying protein-protein interactions, enzyme substrates, and cell signaling pathways. Their versatility supports innovation in precision medicine, regenerative therapies, and personalized treatment approaches.

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