Strengthening the foundation and strengthening the foundation

The central economic working conference held recently is the direction of China's future economic development. How can the coal industry implement the spirit of the conference and promote the high-quality operation of the coal economy? This paper has organized relevant experts and insiders to analyze and discuss this. Strengthening the foundation and strengthening the foundation, promoting the high-quality operation of the coal economy, and implementing the spirit of the central economic working conference. The first thing is to stabilize the market, stabilize the operation, stabilize the price and stabilize the expectation. The central economic working conference recently emphasized that China is in the critical period of transforming the development mode, optimizing the economic structure and transforming the growth power. Structural, institutional and periodic problems are related Intertwined with each other, the impact of the "three-stage superposition" continued to deepen, and downward pressure on the economy increased. As a traditional energy industry, the downward pressure of coal economy is also obvious. Since October, the market demand has slowed down, the supply of domestic coal market has shifted to a loose direction, the overall level of coal storage in the whole society is high, driving the coal price down steadily.

Taking the inventory as an example, by the end of October, the key coal enterprises had 64 million tons of coal, an increase of 9 million tons over the 55 million tons at the beginning of the year; the coal storage capacity of the national unified dispatching power plant was about 145 million tons, which was at a historical high. The industry expects that the annual coal consumption will maintain a small growth, the coal output at the supply end will maintain a steady growth trend, and the supply and demand of the national coal market has changed from an overall balance to a loose direction. At the same time, with the continuous release of new coal production capacity and the continuous improvement of new energy development level, the coal supply will further shift to a loose direction, and the downward pressure of coal economy will increase. The transformation and development of coal enterprises in old mining areas also face many difficulties. The coal resources are exhausted, the structure is single and the burden is heavy; the comprehensive service ability and quality of the mining area are deficient, and the problem of brain drain is serious; there are many industries in the old mining area, the distribution of mining areas is scattered, and the contradiction of unbalanced development of the mining city is prominent; the transformation development ideas are not clear, the local policy support is not enough, and the sustainable development is restricted. Therefore, the task of transformation mode, adjustment of structure and transformation of new and old kinetic energy placed in front of the coal industry is arduous. How to realize the high-quality operation of coal economy under the situation of increasing downward pressure of macro-economy and many problems of coal industry itself?

The author believes that to implement the spirit of the central economic working conference, the first thing is to stabilize the market, operation, price and forecast, ensure that the coal price is in a reasonable range, and maintain the long-term stable competition situation of coal industry. This is the need to consolidate the results of structural reform on the supply side of coal and the foundation to realize the high-quality development of coal economy, which must be strengthened. The first is to maintain the stability of the coal market with the supply side structural reform as the main line. In the past five years, China has withdrawn 810 million tons of coal production capacity, reduced the number of employees by 2.64 million, optimized the production layout, increased the industrial concentration, kept the coal price in a reasonable range, and the coal market is relatively stable. Coal enterprises and employees enjoy the dividend of supply side structural reform. However, it should also be noted that in less than 6000 coal mines in China, about half of them are still small coal mines with an annual output of less than 300000 tons, and with the increase of mining depth, water, fire, gas, rockburst and other mine disasters occur in coupling, unsafe and backward coal production capacity still needs to speed up the pace of exit, and the task of structural capacity reduction is still arduous. Therefore, the institutional achievements of a series of supply side structural reforms, such as capacity reduction and replacement, peak shaving and emergency capacity reserve, medium and long-term contracts and pricing mechanism of "base price + floating price", minimum and maximum inventory, stabilizing abnormal price fluctuations and enterprise credit evaluation, should be consolidated. Second, rely on scientific and technological innovation to improve the level of intelligent production.

As we all know, the coal industry is a labor-intensive industry, a tough industry, with many employees, heavy burdens and low efficiency. The rising fourth industrial revolution has found a breakthrough to solve this problem. Artificial intelligence and robot technology are changing the way of coal production. In the past, coal production relied on the tactics of the sea of people. Now, only 300 people are used in a coal mine with an annual output of 3 million tons, and less than 1000 people are used in a coal mine with an annual output of 10 million tons. With high efficiency, low cost, safety and security, intelligence is a good way out for coal mines. Up to now, 183 intelligent coal faces have been built in 152 coal mines nationwide, 11 kinds of robots, such as patrol inspection and gangue sorting, have been applied in coal mines, and 19 kinds of robots, such as driving, shotcreting and handling, have been approved for research and development. With big data, intelligent, green and information as the development direction, the future coal industry should speed up the pace of intelligent development, reduce the number of people, and improve efficiency and efficiency. Third, accelerate the transformation of economic development mode, optimize the industrial structure, and change the driving force of growth. Although the coal industry has enjoyed the dividend brought by the supply side structural reform, but combing the profitability of the coal industry, we find that there are many coal enterprises in the low profit and profit balance point. To maintain long-term and sustainable profitability, we should not only rely on external forces, but also practice internal forces. In this case, the mode of development needs to be changed, the industrial structure needs to be optimized, and the new and old driving forces need to be transformed. The primary task of coal production is to ensure safety and not to supplement price by quantity. We should set production by demand and production by sales to improve the profitability and level of the main coal industry. We should speed up the exploration of new industries and new models, base on the actual situation of the enterprise, and focus on the overall situation, so as to form an industrial chain of coal products, integrate the upstream and downstream of coal, and make transformation, upgrading and high-quality development into a system. For example, Ningmei coal to oil project is moving towards The direction of "oil is suitable for oil", and "chemical is suitable for oil", and the integrated operation of coal and electricity of Huaihe energy group, etc. In a word, to achieve high-quality operation of coal economy, external forces such as policies are of course important, but ultimately it depends on coal itself, and the whole coal industry should do more to strengthen the foundation.