Mycoplasma is the smallest microorganism that lives outside cells. It is a type of prokaryotic cell-type microorganism that lacks a cell wall. Its size is generally between 0.3-0.5um. It is highly polymorphic and has various forms such as spherical, rod-shaped, filamentous, and branched. It is different from cells and viruses. There are many types and wide distribution, and the harm caused is quite large, involving many fields such as humans, animals, plants and insects, which has an adverse impact on human health and scientific research. Among the 16 types of mycoplasmas isolated from the human body, 5 are pathogenic to humans, namely Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M.pneumoniae), Ureaplasma urealyticum (Ureaplasma urealyticum), Mycoplasma hominis (M.homins), Mycoplasma genitalium (M.genitalium) and Mycoplasma fermentans (M.fermentans). The genus ureaplasma contains Mycoplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis, which are pathogenic to humans. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the main cause of respiratory tract infection and pneumonia, while Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis cause genitourinary tract infection.