Parasitic diseases are endemic in many developing countries and also sporadically in developed countries. After infection with parasites, clinical manifestations vary. Some patients have no symptoms, but some have a variety of clinical manifestations. Parasitic arthritis is a rare bone and joint disease caused by parasitic infection. To date, at least 20 kinds of parasites can directly or indirectly damage the human bone and joint system. They may cause lesions in bone tissue, joints and bone marrow, or hinder the normal growth of bones, or cause fetal bone deformities. The incidence of joint involvement in parasitic infections is very low. Diagnosis mainly relies on: ① a history of living or traveling in epidemic areas; ② clinical manifestations of infection caused by parasites invading the intestines or tissues; ③ acute or chronic onset, single or multiple joint arthritis; ④ ineffective treatment with antibacterial inflammation; ⑤ joint symptoms disappear after eradication of parasites. Joint inflammation can be directly caused by parasites living in the muscles around the joints, or by the metabolites of parasites, or by immune responses.