1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin

241.47

241.47

240-230-0

W18O2G87ND

DTXSID3032591

Free-flowing, white powder|White / off-white tablet

2933990090

40.62000

1.52

white to off-white solid

1.9±0.1 g/cm3

159-163 °C

232.7±23.0 °C at 760 mmHg

94.5±22.6 °C

1.611

Soluble in benzene, methylene dichloride, chloroform

Store in a dark, cool (below 66 deg F (30"C)), dark well-ventilated area, In well closed original containers, away from energy sources, combustible organic materials, oxidizers, stong bases, and moisture.

Negligible

Faint halogen odor

pH of 3.5 at 0.15% diluted solution

Henry's Law constant = 7.4X10-10 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)

Incompatible with paints, petroleum, greases (especially mineral lubricants), sawdust and other combustible organic materials, organic and inorganic oxidizers, strong bases, and moisture.|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 3.06X10-12 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)

May be corrosive to most metals at high concentrations

II

5.1

UN 3085 5.1/PG 2

2

8-31-34

8-17-26-36/37/39-41-45

MT9195400

O,C

Stable, but contact with combustible material may lead to fire. Incompatible with acids, organic materials, finely powdered metals.

P210, P220, P221, P260, P261, P264, P270, P272, P273, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P330, P333+P313, P363, P370+P378, P391, P405, P501

H272

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|PESTICIDE DISPOSAL: Pesticide wastes are acutely hazardous. Improper disposal of excess pesticide, spray mixture, or rinsate is a violation of Federal law. If these wastes cannot be disposed of by use according to label instructions, contact your State Pesticide or Environmental Control Agency, or the Hazardous Waste representative at the nearest EPA Regional Office for guidance. CONTAINER DISPOSAL: Triple rinse (or equivalent). Then offer for recycling or reconditioning, or puncture and dispose of in a sanitary landfill or by incineration or, if allowed by state and local authorities, by burning. If burned stay our of smoke. /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/|This product is toxic to fish and aquatic organisms. Do not contaminate water by cleaning of equipment or disposal of wastes. Do not discharge effluent containing this product into lakes, streams, ponds, estuaries, oceans, or other waters unless in accordance with the requirements of a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit and the permitting authority has been notified in writing prior to discharge. /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/|SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Strong oxidizer, mix with water only/ Reaction with combustible organic materials, bases, moisture or with oxidizers may generate heat, hazardous gases and, possibly fire or explosion. /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/

USEPA/Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances; Reregistration Eligibility Decision Document - Halohydantoins, EPA 739-R-07-001 (September 2007). The RED summarizes the risk assessment conclusions and outlines any risk reduction measures necessary for the pesticide to continue to be registered in the U.S.[Available from, as of November 4, 2014: http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/status.htm]

|Danger|H272 (80.36%): May intensify fire; oxidizer [Danger Oxidizing liquids; Oxidizing solids]|P210, P220, P221, P260, P261, P264, P270, P272, P273, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P330, P333+P313, P363, P370+P378, P391, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 56 companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

SRP: When working with strong solutions of acids or bases or other caustic or corrosive materials, always wear a full face mask. When working with caustic or corrosive gases or vapors, a full face mask will not protect the eyes or prevent inhaling the material. A full face respirator is required.|Do not breathe dust or spray mist. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Prolonged or frequently repeated skin contact may cause allergic reactions in some individuals. Wear goggles with side-shields, face shield or safely glasses; protective clothing and rubber gloves. Wear a mask or pesticide respirator jointly approved by MSHA and NIOSH jointly. /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/

Do not use ammonium phosphate extinguisher near water and /1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhandoin/.

When handling or dealing with spills, use impact-resistant goggles with side shields, or face shield, body-covering clothes, including impervious rubber or plastic gloves and boots; use a dust respirator if dusting occurs. Sweep up dry spills and dispose of as described for pesticide disposal. If drum contents are contaminated or decomposing, do not reseal container; isolate unsealed drum in the open or in a well-ventilated area; flood with large volumes of water if necessary. /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in a manner such that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. The completeness of the cleaning procedures should be considered before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at the end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|Do not smoke, drink, or eat when handling. Keep container tightly closed when not in use. Use with adequate ventilation. /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/|Wash thoroughly with soap and water after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before re-use. /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/

Do not ship with foods, feeds, drugs, or clothing /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/

... Irritating to nose and throat ... . /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (BCDMH) is a free-flowing, white powder with a faint halogen odor. It is used as a germicide and fungicide in treatment of water, disinfectant, halogenating agent, catalyst of ionic type, selective oxidant. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Corrosive. Causes irreversible eye damage and skin burns. Eye contact may cause loss of vision. It is irritating to nose and throat and may be fatal if inhaled. Harmful if absorbed through skin or swallowed. A physiotherapist working in hydrotherapy presented to occupational health with irritant contact dermatitis. Subsequent investigation revealed that the likely causative agent was 1-bromo 3-chloro 5,5 dimethylhydantoin which was used to disinfect the hydrotherapy pool. Contact allergy should be taken into consideration when patients suffer from swimming pool-associated itchy dermatitis. Not Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans , according to EPA. ANIMAL STUDIES: The majority of animal studies were conducted with 5,5-dimethylhydantoin. There were no oncogenicity effects in experimental animals treated with 5,5-dimethylhydantoin. Genotoxicity studies with 5,5-dimethylhydantoin were negative. There were no developmental effects in experimental animals treated with 5,5-dimethylhydantoin. However, in zebrafish embryos exposure to 4 mg/L BCDMH post-fertilization was sufficient to induce a number of developmental malformations, such as edema, axial malformations, and reductions in heart rate and hatching rate. Histopathology showed two types of responses induced by BCDMH, defensive and compensatory. The extreme responses were marked hyperplasia of the gill epithelium with lamellar fusion and epidermal peeling. The histopathologic changes in the gills after 10 days exposure were accompanied by significantly higher catalase activity and lipid peroxidation. These results have important implications for studies on the toxicity and use of BCDMH and its analogs. EPA reregistration for halohydantoins (September 2007) is based on generic data developed on the breakdown products, dimethylhydantoin (DMH) and ethylmethylhydantoin (EMH).

LD50 Rat oral 1390 mg/kg|LD50 Rabbit dermal >2000 mg/kg

1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin's production and use as a disinfectant in industrial water treatment, in commercial and residential swimming pools, spas and hot tubs and as sanitizer for treatment of toilet bowl water in homes(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin's use as a molluscicide(2) and as an ingredient in hydraulic fracturing(3) will result in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 10(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.4X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its estimated vapor pressure, 3.5X10-6 mm Hg(2), and water solubility, 1500 mg/L(3). 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure(2). 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is susceptible to rapid abiotic hydrolysis in the presence of water(4,5). The initial hydrolysis forms HOBr and monochloro 5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DMH) with the monochloro DMH further hydrolyzing to form HOCl and DMH(5). Therefore, abiotic hydrolysis is expected to be a major fate process in moist soils(SRC). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2014).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 10(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.4X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its estimated vapor pressure, 3.5X10-6 mm Hg(2), and water solubility, 1500 mg/L(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from a log Kow of 0.35(4) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is susceptible to rapid abiotic hydrolysis in the presence of water(6,7). The initial hydrolysis forms HOBr and monochloro 5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DMH) with the monochloro DMH further hydrolyzing to form HOCl and DMH(7). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2014).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 3.5X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 5 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.1X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(2). Particulate-phase 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC).

Upon usage, which involves dilution in water or a water system, the halohydantoins rapidly decompose to release chlorine and/or bromine and dimethylhydantoin (DMH)(1). These released halogens react with water to form either hypochlorous or hypobromous acid, which is the actual biocidal agent(1). 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (BCDMH) has a very slow dissolution rate and the bromine is not stabilized against photolytic decomposition by dimethylhydantoin(2); the bromine hydrolyzes to a greater extent than the chlorine(2). In the hydrolysis of 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, the bromine is released almost immediately, whereas the chlorine release reaction is slower(3). The initial hydrolysis of BCDMH forms HOBr (hypobromous acid) and monochloro DMH with the monochloro DMH further hydrolyzing to form HOCl (hypochlorous acid) and DMH(3). Based upon hydrolysis rate studies with 1,3-dimethylol-5,5-dimethylhydantoin(4), the hydrolysis of the monochloro DMH is expected to be much faster in alkaline conditions than in acidic conditions(SRC).|The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.1X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 5 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.35(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin can be estimated to be 10(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is estimated as 7.4X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its estimated vapor pressure, 3.5X10-6 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 1500 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(3). 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to occur(SRC). 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its estimated vapor pressure(1).

According to the 2012 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use of 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is <10 for one company(1); another company classifies their number of likely exposed workers as CBI (confidential business information)(1); the data may be greatly underestimated(1).|Occupational exposure to 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is produced or used(1). Use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin via dermal contact with products containing this compound(SRC) or areas treated with 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin biocides such as swimming pools, hot tubs and toilet bowl waters(1). Ingestion may be possible in treated swimming pools(1).

breakdown products, dimethylhydantoin (DMH) and ethylmethylh hydantoin (EMH). ...Available metabolism data indicate that DMH and EMH are excreted unchanged in the rat. However, it is known that hydroxymethylhydantoins are formaldehyde releasers. The DMH portion of the molecule is assumed to behave the same as the hydantoins from the halohydantoin compounds.

FIRST AID: If in eyes, hold eye open and rinse slowly and gently with water for 15-20 minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present, after the first 5 minutes, then continue rinsing eye. Call a poison control center or doctor for treatment advice. If on skin or clothing, Take off contaminated clothing. Rinse skin immediately with plenty of water for 15-20 minutes. Call a poison control center or doctor for treatment advice. If inhaled, move person to fresh air. If person is not breathing, call 911 or an ambulance, then give artificial respiration ... . Call a poison control center or doctor for further treatment advice. If swallowed, call poison control center, or doctor immediately for treatment advice. Have person sip a glass of water if able to swallow. Do not induce vomiting unless told to do so by the poison control center or doctor. Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person./98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/|/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Corrosive. Causes irreversible eye damage and skin burns. Eye contact may cause loss of vision. Irritating to nose and throat and may be fatal if inhaled. Harmful if absorbed through skin or swallowed. /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/|/CASE REPORTS/ A physiotherapist working in hydrotherapy presented to occupational health with irritant contact dermatitis. Subsequent investigation revealed that the likely causative agent was 1-bromo 3-chloro 5,5 dimethylhydantoin which was used to disinfect the hydrotherapy pool...|/CASE REPORTS/ BACKGROUND: Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (BCDMH) is a chemical used as a disinfectant for recreational water. BCDMH was described as being responsible for an epidemic of irritant contact dermatitis in the UK (1983), and its sensitizing capacity was also discussed. The aim of this study was to assess whether BCDMH used to disinfect swimming pools and spas can cause allergic contact dermatitis among its users. Ten patients suffering from dermatitis associated with using swimming pools disinfected with BCDMH and 40 controls were studied. Several dilutions of BCDMH, 10% to 1 ppm, were patch tested. All 10 patients studied showed a positive patch test reaction to BCDMH 1% in petrolatum. At least one case showed occupational relevance, with a positive reaction even at 1 ppm. On the basis of the clinical findings, the positive patch test reactions to BCDMH, and the negative patch test reactions in controls, the suggested diagnosis was allergic contact dermatitis caused by BCDMH used as a disinfectant in the swimming pool water. Contact allergy should be taken into consideration when patients suffer from swimming pool-associated itchy dermatitis.|/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Cancer Classification: Not Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans

1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin

The National Pesticide Information Retrieval System (NPIRS) identifies 22 companies with active labels for products containing the chemical 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin. To view the complete list of companies, product names and percent 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin in formulated products click the following url and enter the CAS Registry number in the Active Ingredient field.|Dynamite 100 (Reckitt Benckiser LLC): Active ingredient: 2,4-imidazolidinedione, 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethyl- 60.0%; 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin 27.4%; 1,3-dichloro-5-ethyl-5-methylhydantoin 10.6%.|Dynamite 35 (Reckitt Benckiser LLC): Active ingredient: 2,4-imidazolidinedione, 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethyl- 60.0%; 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin 27.4%; 1,3-dichloro-5-ethyl-5-methylhydantoin 10.6%.|Dynamite II (Reckitt Benckiser LLC): Active ingredient: 2,4-imidazolidinedione, 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethyl- 60.0%; 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin 27.4%; 1,3-dichloro-5-ethyl-5-methylhydantoin 10.6%.|For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for 1-BROMO-3-CHLORO-5,5-DIMETHYLHYDANTOIN (27 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

2,4-Imidazolidinedione, 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethyl-: ACTIVE|PMN - indicates a commenced PMN (Pre-Manufacture Notices) substance.|Liquid bromine is not commonly used in pool disinfection. Bromine-based disinfectants for pools are available in two forms, bromochlorodimethylhydantoin (BCDMH) and a two-part system that consists of sodium bromide and an oxidizer (usually hypochlorite). As with chlorine-based disinfectants, local practice varies, and acceptable total bromine may be as high as 10 mg/L. Although there is limited evidence about bromine toxicity, it is recommended that total bromine does not exceed 2.0-2.5 mg/L. The use of bromine-based disinfectants is generally not practical for outdoor pools and spas because the bromine residual is depleted rapidly in sunlight.|... Widely used at an active halogen level of 0.5-3 mg/L for swimming pool disinfectants because of its stability in water and in storage, as well as its broad bactericidal spectrum.