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Bromoform

Bromoform structure

CAS No:
75-25-2
Formula:
CHBr3
Chemical Name:
Bromoform
Synonyms:
Methane,tribromo-;Tribromomethane;Bromoform;Methenyl tribromide;NSC 8019
Categories:
Organic Chemistry > Hydrocarbons and Derivatives

Description

Bromoform is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a high refractive index, very high density, and sweetish odor is similar to that of chloroform. It is slightly soluble in water and is nonflammable. Bromoform can form in drinking water as a by-product from the reaction of chlorine with dissolved organic matter and bromide ions.

Bromoform (CHBr3) is a brominated organic solvent, pale yellow liquid at room temperature, with a high refractive index, very high density, and sweet odor is similar to that of chloroform. It is a trihalomethane, and is one of the four haloforms, the others being fluoroform, chloroform, and iodoform. Bromoform can be prepared by the haloform reaction using acetone and sodium hypobromite, by the electrolysis of potassium bromide in ethanol, or by treating chloroform with aluminum bromide. Currently its main use is as a laboratory reagent.

Bromoform Basic Attributes

Molecular Weight：

252.73

Exact Mass：

252.73

BRN：

1731048

EC Number：

200-854-6

HScode：

2903399020

Characteristics

PSA：

0 Å²

XLogP3：

4.06

Appearance：

White to off-white Liquid

Density：

2.8899 g/cm³ @ Temp: 15 °C

Melting Point：

8.0 °C

Boiling Point：

149.1 °C

Flash Point：

148-150°C

Refractive Index：

1.424

Water Solubility：

H2O: slightly soluble , 0.301 g/100 mL

Storage Conditions：

0-6°C

Vapor Pressure：

5 mm Hg ( 20 °C)

Vapor Density：

8.7 (vs air)

Toxicity：

Oral-rat LD50: 933 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 1072 mg/kg

Flammability characteristics：

Non-combustible; high-temperature decomposition; burning releases toxic bromide fumes

Odor：

Similar to chloroform

Taste：

Sweetish taste

Safety Information

Packing level：

III

Hazard category：

6.1

Transport codes：

UN 2515 6.1/PG 3

wgk germany：

hazard class code：

23-36/38-51/53-22-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11

safety instructions：

28-45-61-28A-36/37-16-7-26-63

RTECS Number：

PB5600000

Marks：

T,N,F

Storage features：

Treasury is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored separately from food additives

Explosive characteristics：

Reacts with crown ether, or KOH

Stability/Shelf Life：

Stability May be an explosion hazard, especially when heated. Stable, but light-sensitive. Non-flammable. Incompatible with chemically active metals, strong bases. May contain ca 1% ethanol or 1-pentene (amylene) as a stabilizer.

Precautionary statement(s)：

P210-P260-P280-P301 + P310-P311

Hazard Statements：

H225-H301 + H311 + H331-H370

RIDADR：

UN 2515

Toxicity

Toxicity class：

moderately toxic

Bromoform Use and Manufacturing

Methods of Manufacturing

From the reaction of acetone and sodium hypobromite. First prepare sodium hypobromite with bromine and lye. Under alkaline conditions, quickly add acetone to sodium hypobromite at 0-5℃ to keep the temperature at 30-50℃. After the temperature drops, continue to stir 10min. Acetone reacts with sodium hypobromite to decompose to bromoform via tribromoacetone. After standing for layering, distillation, washing, filtering and drying, the finished product can be obtained. Raw material consumption quota: 650kg/t of acetone and 3500kg/t of bromine.

Uses

In separating mixtures of minerals. Bromoform is used as a fluid for mineral ore separation in geological tests, as a laboratory reagent, and in the electronics industry in quality assurance programs. Bromoform was formerly used as a solvent for waxes, greases, and oils, as an ingredient in fire-resistant chemicals and in fluid gauges. It was also used in the early part of this century as a medicine to help children with whooping cough get to sleep. Currently, bromoform is only produced in small amounts for use in laboratories and in geological and electronics testing.

Analysis Methods

Name	Column Shape	Active Phase(℃)	Retention index	Temperature Control	Method	Comments	Reference
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Packed	OV-1	870.	100.	isothermal	He, Chromosorb W DMCS; Column length: 3. m	Castello, G.Gerbino, T.C.Effect of Temperature on the Gas Chromatographic Separation of Halogenated Compounds on Polar and Non-Polar Stationary PhasesJ. Chromatogr.1988, 437, 33-45.
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Packed	OV-1	882.	125.	isothermal	He, Chromosorb W DMCS; Column length: 3. m	Castello, G.Gerbino, T.C.Effect of Temperature on the Gas Chromatographic Separation of Halogenated Compounds on Polar and Non-Polar Stationary PhasesJ. Chromatogr.1988, 437, 33-45.
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Packed	OV-1	859.	75.	isothermal	He, Chromosorb W DMCS; Column length: 3. m	Castello, G.Gerbino, T.C.Effect of Temperature on the Gas Chromatographic Separation of Halogenated Compounds on Polar and Non-Polar Stationary PhasesJ. Chromatogr.1988, 437, 33-45.
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Packed	SE-30	895.	150.	isothermal	Ar, Gas Chrom Q (80-100 mesh); Column length: 3. m	Tiess, D.Gaschromatographische Retentionsindices von 125 leicht- bis mittelflüchtigen organischen Substanzen toxikologisch-analytischer Relevanz auf SE-30Wiss. Z. Wilhelm-Pieck-Univ. Rostock Math. Naturwiss. Reihe1984, 33, 6-9.
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Packed	Apolane	873.1	70.	isothermal	He, Chromosorb; Column length: 2.4 m	Riedo, F.Fritz, D.Tarján, G.Kováts, E.Sz.A tailor-made C87 hydrocarbon as a possible non-polar standard stationary phase for gas chromatographyJ. Chromatogr.1976, 126, 63-83.

Computed Properties

Molecular Weight:252.73
XLogP3:2.8
Exact Mass:251.76079
Monoisotopic Mass:249.76284
Heavy Atom Count:4
Complexity:8
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes

Synthesis Route

38158-81-5

2648-69-3

3479-86-5

Material

Diacetone alcohol

Potassium hydroxide

Sodium hydroxide

Sodium carbonate

Hydroxylamine hydrochloride

Acetone

Sulfuric acid

Sodium thiosulfate

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