Tetryl

287.14

287.14

207-531-9

GJ18911991

0959

2166

0208

DTXSID7047770

Colorless to yellow, crystalline solid|MONOCLINIC CRYSTALS

187

1.64 /Estimated/

Yellow crystals

1.57 g/cm³

130-132 °C

356-374°F (Explodes)

2℃

1.686

Solubility Insoluble in water; soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene, acetic acid

2-8°C

Vapour pressure, kPa at 20°C:

Oral-Rat  LD50: 5000mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 5000 mg/kg

Combustion produces toxic nitrogen oxide fumes

Impact sensitivity (minimum fall of a 2 kg weight to cause at least one explosion in ten trials): 26 cm

Odorless.

BITTER TASTE

Henry's Law constant = 2.7X10-9 atm-cu m/mol @ 25 °C /Estimated/

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 1.3X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec @ 25 °C /Estimated/

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Nitro, Nitroso, Nitrate, and Nitrite Compounds, Organic

Explosive

During the measurement of the shock sensitivity of a mixture containing hydrazine, a drop of the hydrazine mixture fell on a tetryl explosive. The tetryl immediately burst into flames (ASESB 105).

842.3 kcal @ 20 °C

Combustible Solid (Class A Explosive)

Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air.

1.1D

0208

3

2-23/24/25-33-36/37/38-11-36-20/21/22-3

35-45-27-16-36/37-26

BY6300000

E,T,F,Xn

Handle lightly; storeroom ventilated, away from open flames, high temperature, sunlight; stored separately from oxidants and alkalis

High heat, vibration, impact, friction can be explosive

Is highly stable losing virtually no weight on prolonged storage at 80 deg C.

P210-P261-P302 + P352 + P312-P304 + P340 + P312-P337 + P313-P403 + P235

H225-H302 + H312 + H332-H319

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|Tetryl may be disposed of only by explosives experts.|Wastes containing tetryl have been incinerated by grinding and spraying the ground material with water to form a slurry. The types of incineration that have been used to destroy waste munitions such as tetryl include rotary kiln incineration, fluidized bed incineration, and pyrolitic incineration.

Contact of tetryl with some oxidizable materials may cause fires & explosions.|Contact of hydrazine with the explosive N,2,4,6-tetranitroaniline caused ignition.|Tetryl explodes on contact with trioxygen difluoride.|Oxidizable materials, hydrazine.

BURROWS D, DACRE JC; US NTIS REPORT # ADA010660): 1-96 (1975) THE TOXICITY TO AQUATIC ORGANISMS & THE RELATED CHEMISTRY OF NINE WATERBORNE POLLUTANTS FROM MUNITION PLANTS, ONE OF WHICH WAS TETRYL, WERE REVIEWED.|U.S. Dept Health & Human Services/Agency for Toxic Substances Disease Registry; Toxicological Profile for (Tetryl) (1995) NTIS# PB/95/264271/AS

Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives* - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]: MAY EXPLODE AND THROW FRAGMENTS 1600 METERS (1 MILE) OR MORE IF FIRE REACHES CARGO. For information on "Compatibility Group" letters, refer to Glossary section. (ERG, 2016)|Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Finely dispersed particles form explosive mixtures in air. Risk of fire and explosion when exposed to heat or flame. Explosive.|Reactive - 3rd degree

|Danger|H201: Explosive; mass explosion hazard [Danger Explosives]|P210, P230, P240, P250, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P311, P312, P314, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P370+P380, P372, P373, P401, P403+P233, P405, and P501|P210, P230, P240, P250, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P314, P321, P332+P313, P333+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P370+P380, P372, P373, P401, P403+P233, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives* - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]: Isolate spill or leak area immediately for at least 500 meters (1/3 mile) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. FIRE: If rail car or trailer is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, initiate evacuation including emergency responders for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives* - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. DO NOT OPERATE RADIO TRANSMITTERS WITHIN 100 METERS (330 FEET) OF ELECTRIC DETONATORS. DO NOT CLEAN-UP OR DISPOSE OF, EXCEPT UNDER SUPERVISION OF A SPECIALIST. (ERG, 2016)

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. The worker should wash daily at the end of each work shift. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced. Change: Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premise. (NIOSH, 2016)|The necessary protective measures in ascending order of effectiveness are respiratory protection, job rotation, limitation on exposure time, use of protective clothing and whole body protection. Respiratory protection has limited application, since skin absorption is the major problem. Protective equipment must be selected carefully to assure impermeability to /tetryl/. /Aromatic nitrocompounds/|Skin contact may be minimized by the use of impervious fabric clothing fastened at wrists & neck, rubberized aprons & half sleeves & caps or turbans.|Employees should be provided with and required to use ... gloves, face shields (eight inch minimum), and other appropriate protective clothing necessary to prevent repeated or prolonged skin contact with tetryl or liquids containing tetryl. ... Employees should be provided with and required to use splash-proof safety goggles where tetryl or liquids containing tetryl may contact the eyes.|Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for TETRYL (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.|(See protection codes)

Dangerous fire ... explosion risk

Severe, when shocked or exposed to heat or flame. It is powerful explosive quite sensitive to percussion and more sensitive to shock and friction than TNT.|Explodes at 187 °C|Explosion temp (temp required to cause explosion in five seconds): 257 °C (495 °F)|Impact sensitivity (minimum fall of a 2 kg weight to cause at least one explosion in ten trials): 26 cm

Evacuation: If the material is on fire or involved in fire consider evacuation of one mile radius.|Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material.|Water may be used on small fires. Do not attempt to extinguish large fires.

Dangerously explosive. Do not fight fires in a cargo of explosives.

If tetryl is spilled, the following steps should be taken: 1. Remove all ignition sources. 2. Ventilate area of spill. 3. Attempt to reclaim spilled material; however, do not sweep or burn unless this is supervised by explosives experts.|Both activated carbon amberlite xad-4 removed tnt, hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5- triazine (rdx), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (hmx) from pink water to a level of less than 1 ppm. Activated charcoal has lower capacity for tnt, and a higher capacity for rdx, hmx, and tetryl, than amberlite xad-4. Decolorization of the effluent with amberlite xad-4 alone was not complete. Both amberlite xad-4 and activated carbon provided similar nitrobody leakage for similar streams.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises.|Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for TETRYL (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

The substance irritates the eyes, the skin and the respiratory tract.

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time-Weighted Avg: 1.5 mg/cu m. Skin Designation.

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 1.5 mg/cu m. Skin designation.

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance.

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants. Keep in the dark. Keep in a separate building protected from shock.

Evaporation at 20 °C is negligible; a harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly when dispersed.

The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. The substance may cause effects on the nervous system.

Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. Repeated or prolonged inhalation may cause asthma. The substance may have effects on the liver, kidneys and blood.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. NO contact with hot surfaces. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Prevent build-up of electrostatic charges (e.g., by grounding). Do NOT expose to friction or shock. Prevent deposition of dust.

PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST!

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective clothing.

Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection if powder.

The chemical name for tetryl is 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-n-methylnitramine. Some commonly used names are nitramine, tetralite, and tetril. Tetryl is an odorless, synthetic, yellow crystal-like solid that is not found naturally in the environment. Under certain conditions, tetryl can exist as dust in air. It dissolves slightly in water and in other liquids. Tetryl was used to make explosives, mostly during World Wars I and II. It is no longer manufactured or used in the United States. Stocks of tetryl are found in storage at military installations and are being destroyed by the Department of Defense (DOD).

The Joliet Army Ammunition Plant, which produced tetryl until production ceased in July 1973, released tetryl to the environment in various wastewater stream emissions generated at the plant(1); wastewater streams were released via drainage ditches with waste waters typically containing 400-460 ppm tetryl(1). In 1963, the US Navy initiated a program in which old liberty ships were loaded with munitions and deliberately sunk in the ocean to dispose of the unwanted munitions(2); tetryl was one of the most common and abundant explosives released in this manner(2).

Analysis of surface soil collected from the Joliet Army Ammunition Plant in Aug 1973 detected tetryl levels of 472-562 mg/kg soil(1); analysis of subsurface soil detected levels of 1.45-84.4 g/kg soil(1). It was estimated that approximately 31,000 pounds of tetryl was contained in the soil at the Joliet Army Ammunition Plant site in Aug 1973, less than one month after tetryl production had been terminated(1). Soil sampled at this site in 1995 still contained 2500-15000 mg/kg in several samples(2). Tetryl was identified, not quantified, in soil samples taken from northern Iraq near the Turkey and Iran border(3). Tetryl was identified, not quantified, in soils from army bases in Alabama and Louisiana(4). Tetryl was identified, not quantified in soil samples obtained from the Alabama Army Ammunition plant near Talladega and a US army facility in Vicksburg, MS(5). Tetryl was detected in sediment samples taken at the Iowa Army Ammunition Plant at a maximum concentration of of 33 ug/g(6).

moderately toxic

Persons with a history of asthma, allergies, or known sensitization to tetryl may be at increased risk from exposure.

Tetryl's former production and use as both a booster ingredient and main charge explosive(1,2) has resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 2,100(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that tetryl is expected to have slight mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of tetryl from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.7X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Tetryl is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.2X10-7 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(4). Biodegradation of tetryl has been demonstrated in various composing conditions(SRC). A first-order half-life of 1.2 weeks was calculated for tetryl in a manure-hay-sawdust compost(5). Hydrolysis in moist soils may also be an important fate process based upon studies which showed tetryl hydrolyzes at various rates in buffered solutions (63 day half-life at pH 6.88 and 40 °C)(6), and seawater (33 day half-life at pH 8.1 and 25 °C)(7).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 2,100(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that tetryl is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.7X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 4(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 1.64(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). The hydrolysis half-life of tetryl in seawater at 25 °C (pH 8.1) is about 33 days(8) and the hydrolysis half-life in buffered solutions at pH 6.88 and 40 °C was 63 days (9). The degradation rate of tetryl in buffered solutions was about an order of magnitude greater when the solutions were exposed to sunlight as compared to the dark solutions(9), suggesting that photolysis in sunlit surface waters in conjunction with hydrolysis may be an important fate process(SRC). Biodegradation of tetryl has been demonstrated in various composting conditions(10) and soil/water slurries(11).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), tetryl, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 1.2X10-7 mm Hg at 25 °C (SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase tetryl is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 13 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.3X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase tetryl may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Tetryl has been shown to undergo photolysis in aqueous solutions and may be susceptible to direct photolysis in the atmosphere(4).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of tetryl with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.3X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 13 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). No data were located on direct photolysis of tetryl in the atmosphere, but tetryl is expected to undergo direct photolytic degradation in the atmosphere because it undergoes this reaction in water(2). Based on a pure water photolysis half-life of 20-40 hours for TNT, a structurally similar compound(2), it is possible that photolysis will be an important fate of tetryl. Tetryl was reported to be degraded to nitrate, nitrite, and N-methylpicramide upon exposure to sunlight for 20 days(3).|In a hydrolysis study of tetryl in seawater (pH 8.1) at 25 °C, 88% of initial tetryl hydrolyzed in 101 days yielding picric acid as a hydrolysis product(1); this hydrolysis rate corresponds to a first-order half-life of 33 days(SRC). In a buffered aqueous solution at 40 °C and pH 6.88, the hydrolysis half-life of tetryl was determined to be approximately 63 days(2); the hydrolysis half-life at 40 °C and pH 8.96 was determined to be approximately 16-17 hours(2); hydrolysis products formed during the buffered hydrolysis studies included picrate ion, N-methylpicramide, methylnitramine, nitrate ion, and nitrite ion(2); based on activation energies, the hydrolysis half-life of tetryl at pH 6.8 and 20 °C was estimated to be 302 days(2); comparison of hydrolysis rates (initial pH of about 6) under ambient lighting conditions and under dark conditions indicated that under ambient lighting conditions tetryl photolyzes at least an order of magnitude faster than it hydrolyzes(2); the major photolysis product was N-methylpicramide(2).

An estimated BCF of 4 was calculated for tetryl(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 1.64(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for tetryl can be estimated to be 2,100(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that tetryl is expected to have slight mobility in soil(SRC). It was demonstrated that nitroaromatic compounds (including tetryl) adsorb strongly to clay minerals in aqueous suspensions, particularly when exchangeable cations in the clays include ammonium and potassium(3).

The Henry's Law constant for tetryl is estimated as 2.7X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that tetryl is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). Tetryl's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected(SRC). Tetryl is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.2X10-7 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

GROUND WATER: Seepage water collected in a hole dug at the Joliet Army Ammunition Plant in Aug 1973 contained a tetryl concn of 44 ppm(1). The groundwater beneath the tetryl manufacturing area of the Alabama Army Ammunition Plant (Talladega County, Alabama) contained 72.8 ug/l tetryl, and tetryl has been detected in groundwater beneath artificial leaching pits located at the Louisiana Army Ammunition Plant at concentrations ranging from 1.4 to 53 ug/l (2). No tetryl was detected (detection limit of 20 ug /l) in samples from 44 groundwater sites, 23 surface water sites, or 5 treatment lagoons located at the Milan Army Ammunition Plant in Tennessee(2). In addition, sediment samples from the 5 lagoons did not show tetryl to be present. Tetryl was detected in groundwater samples taken at the Iowa Army Ammunition Plant at a maximum concentration of 49 ug/l; it did not exceed the level of detection (2.9 ug /l) in any surface water|SEA WATER: Tetryl was not detected (detection limit of 0.02 ppb) in seawater samples collected from the Atlantic Ocean (about 200 miles off the coast of Florida) and from the Pacific Ocean (about 45 miles west of San Francisco) in Sep 1971 at sites where old ships containing munitions (including tetryl) were deliberately sunk as a disposal method(1).

Since tetryl's use as a booster or main explosive has been replaced by RDX (cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine)or HMX (cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine)(1), there is little likelihood of occupational exposure to this compound today(SRC). However, monitoring data at munitions factories or other sites where tetryl was released in large quantities show that soil and groundwater remain heavily contaminated with this compound which could possibly lead to exposure(SRC).

Seven rabbits orally administered 36 mg/kg/day (range of 32.3-40.0 mg/kg/day) for up to 30 days excreted picramic acid in their urine. Picramic acid was not detected in the urine of two control rabbits (the detection limit was 0.05 mg/L). In addition, the ratio of sulfoconjugates to total sulfates increased with duration of treatment in the treated rabbits, but not in the controls. These data support the hypothesis that tetryl is metabolized to picric acid by removal of the methylnitramine complex, and further metabolized to picramic acid by reduction of a nitro group. The increased sulfoconjugates may be caused by conjugation of picramic acid to sulfates.|Studies in rabbits have shown that after oral administration, tetryl was metabolized to picric acid, which was further metabolized to picramic acid by nitro reduction.

Exposure Routes: inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact Symptoms: Sensitization dermatitis, itch, erythema (skin redness); edema on nasal folds, cheeks, neck; keratitis (inflammation of the cornea); sneezing; anemia; cough, coryza; irritability; malaise (vague feeling of discomfort), headache, lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), insomnia; nausea, vomiting; liver, kidney damage Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, liver, kidneys (NIOSH, 2016)

Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, promptly wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, promptly remove the clothing and wash the skin with soap and water. Get medical attention promptly. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2016)|(See procedures)

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Wear protective gloves when administering first aid.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Naphthalene and Related Compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Start an IV with lactated Ringer's. Adequate hydration must be maintained to prevent renal failure secondary to myoglobinuria unless signs of cerebral or pulmonary edema are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. ... . Treat seizures with diazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Naphthalene and related compounds/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ...Reported effects from accidental exposures of 11 persons to tetryl. Of those exposed, 2 had died, 1 had a disability, and 8 had no detected permanent disability. ...In addition, 1 worker developed pulmonary pathologic changes, presumably attributable to exposure to tetryl irritation. Irritation of the mucous membranes of the upper resp tract was noteworthy, resulting in sore throats, nosebleeds, and coughing of varying degrees of severity.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ... described the typical tetryl dermatitis as presenting the following clinical picture. During the first week of exposure, itching of and around the eyes and irritation of the skin with erythema occurred. Edema often followed and and progressed as long as exposure persisted. The progression of pruritus to erythema to edema was seen about the nasal folds, cheeks and neck soon after the eyelids were affected. This condition was believed to be a sensitization phenomenon rather than a result of local irritation.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ In a study of 1258 workers affected by tetryl (of 5000 workers at the facility), the presiding symptom in 944 was dermatitis. The dermatitis generally occurred between the second and third week of exposure. ... Also cited /was/ increasing evidence to point toward the probability that systemic changes were quiet possible in exposed workers. Laboratory data cited secondary anemia of a pronounced degree. Other reported symptoms suggestive of systemic illness included headache, irritability, malaise, lassitude, and sleeplessness. Of 1258 cases studied, 3 revealed a previous attack of severe tetryl dermatitis; 2 of these 3 individuals were accidentally re-exposed to tetryl, and a severe reaction promptly recurred.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Workers may experience irritability, easy fatigability, general malaise, headache, lassitude, and sleeplessness but exhibited no abnormal neurological signs /after tetryl exposure/|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for TETRYL (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

N-methyl-N-nitro-2,4,6-trinitroaniline

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol, through the skin and by ingestion.|inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

sensitization dermatitis, itch, erythema (skin redness); edema on nasal folds, cheeks, neck; keratitis (inflammation of the cornea); sneezing; anemia; cough, coryza; irritability; malaise (vague feeling of discomfort), headache, lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), insomnia; nausea, vomiting; liver, kidney damage

Abdominal pain. Cough. Diarrhoea. Headache. Sore throat. Nosebleeds.

Redness. Yellow staining of the skin.

Redness. Pain.

Dermal (Skin), Gastrointestinal (Digestive), Neurological (Nervous System), Respiratory (From the Nose to the Lungs)|Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, liver, kidneys

Benzenamine, N-methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitro-: ACTIVE|Tetryl is not produced commercially in the United States. Prior production was limited to Army ammunition plants such as Joliet Army Ammunition Plant (Illinois), which produced tetryl until 1973.|Aa indicator, 0.1 g in 60 mL alcohol with water to make 100 mL. pH: 10.8 colorless, 13.0 reddish-brown. 1 to 5 drops of solution required for 10 mL liquid. Salt error said to be small.|For use as booster or relay, tetryl is compressed into tablets.|Tetryl was produced by U.S. Army ammunition plants until 1973. It was a military explosive during World War I and World War II.

THE ANALYSIS OF TETRYL IN SEAWATER, BY VAPOR PHASE CHROMATOGRAPHY & ELECTRON CAPTURE DETECTOR IS DESCRIBED. LIMIT OF DETECTION IS 20 PARTS PER TRILLION.|ORGANIC EXPLOSIVE RESIDUES, EG 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE, WERE DETECTED BY THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY.|AN AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR ANALYSIS OF NITRO CMPD IN WATER IS PRESENTED. COLORIMETRIC ANALYTICAL SYSTEM UTILIZED 2 CHANNELS, 1 TO REACT ONLY WITH NITROAROMATIC CMPD CONTAINING AT LEAST 3 RING-SUBSTITUTED NITRO GROUPS. TNT & SIMILAR CMPD, WITH STRONG BASE, FORMED A MEISENHEIMER COMPLEX. THE 2ND CHANNEL REACTED WITH ALL OTHER CONTAMINANTS CAPABLE OF FORMING NO2- WHICH WAS DETERMINED WITH A MODIFIED SALTZMAN DIAZO-COMPLEX REACTION. THE REACTION WAS SENSITIVE TO TETRYL.|MINIATURIZED TLC KIT FOR IDENTIFICATION OF EXPLOSIVES IN THE FIELD IS DESCRIBED.|For more Analytic Laboratory Methods (Complete) data for TETRYL (21 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Method: Gas Chromatography/Electron Capture Detector; Analyte: tetryl; Matrix: ocean floor fauna (rat tail fish, sea cucumber); Detection Level: approx 740 picogram/gram. /From table/

Fire Hazards -> Reactive - 3rd degree