Penicillin G procaine

570.7

570.251221

200-205-7

1LW5K9CIR1

J - Antiinfectives for systemic use

2941109900

167.57000

3.53820

A White CRYSTALLINE powder

1.1335 (rough estimate)

129-130 °C

663.3ºC at 760 mmHg

355ºC

1.6000 (estimate)

Slightly soluble

LD50 orl-rat: >2 g/kg ABANAE 3,534,55/56

Procaine benzylpenicillin is associated with the pain at the injection site, blood clotting problems, and seizures. Treatment targeted against syphilis is often associated with Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction. The main unwanted effects are hypersensitivity reactions caused by the degradation products of penicillin, which combine with host protein and become antigenic. Other common adverse effects include skin rashes, fever and delayed serum sickness. Rare but fatal anaphylactic shock may occur. Oral LD50 values in mouse and rat are > 2000 mg/kg. Overdosage can cause convulsions, paralysis and even death. Emesis and gastric lavage may be of value if begun within a few hours of injection. Excessive blood concentrations can be lowered by haemodialysis.

Approximately 60% of penicillin G is bound to serum protein.

For the treatment of a number of bacterial infections such as syphilis, anthrax, mouth infections, pneumonia and diphtheria.|FDA Label

It is an antibiotic against penicillin-susceptible microorganisms with bactericidal effect. Like all penicillins, procaine benzylpenicillin interferes with the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan. It acts through the inhibition of biosynthesis of cell-wall peptidoglycan, rendering the cell wall osmotically unstable. It is part of the penicillin and beta lactam family of antibacterial drugs.

After intramuscular injection, it dissolves slowly at the site of injection, giving a plateau type of blood level at about 4 hours which falls slowly over a period of the next 15 to 20 hours.|The drug is rapidly and predominantly cleared via renal elimination, with 90% being through tubular secretion. Approximately 60 -90 % of a dose of parenteral penicillin G is excreted in the urine within 24 to 36 hours.|The drug is distributed throughout the body tissues in widely varying amounts and spinal fluid to a lesser degree. Highest levels are found in the kidneys with lesser amounts in the liver, skin, and intestines. It displays low solubility thus results in blood serum levels much lower but more prolonged than other parenteral penicillins.

Procaine is rapidly hydrolyzed by plasma esterases to nontoxic metabolites.

Intramuscular injection of benzylpenicillin has a plasma half-life of 30 minutes.

Procaine benzylpenicillin is hydrolyzed into penicillin G once it is released from the injection site. Penicillin G attaches to the penicillin-binding proteins on bacterial cell wall and inhibit the transpeptidation enzyme that crosslinks the peptide chains attached to the backbone of the peptidoglycan. The final bactericidal event involves the inactivation of an inhibitor of autolytic enzymes in the cell wall, leading to lysis of the bacterium.

4-Thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-[(2-phenylacetyl)amino]- (2S,5R,6R)-, compd. with 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 4-aminobenzoate (1:1): ACTIVE